COVID-19 Pandemisinin Madde Kullanımı Üzerindeki Etkisi

Öz

Amaç: Pandeminin dünya çapında yayılmasıyla birlikte bireylerin sosyal izolasyon, ekonomik belirsizlik ve genel stres gibi faktörlere maruz kalması, madde kullanımı ve bağımlılık riskini artırdı. Yapılan çalışmalar SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) salgınının madde kullanım bozukluğunu arttırdığını göstermektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, COVID-19 pandemisinin madde kullanım bozukluğu üzerindeki etkisini incelemektir. Yöntem: Çalışma geriye dönük bir çalışma olarak planlandı. Bu çalışmaya Türkiye’ de COVID-19 vakasının ilk görüldüğü tarih olan 11 Mart 2020 tarihi referans alınarak pandemi öncesi iki yıl ve pandemi sürecindeki iki yıllık süre olmak üzere 4 yıl boyunca 11.03.2018-11.03.2022 tarihleri arasında Ruh Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Polikliniği’nde denetimli serbestlik (DS) kapsamında yönlendirilen 1743 olgu dahil edilmiştir. Bulgular: COVID-19 pandemi öncesi dönemde (Mart 2018-Mart 2020) 834 kişide madde kullanımı saptanırken COVID-19 pandemi süreci döneminde (Mart 2020-Mart 2022) ise 909 kişide madde kullanımı saptanmıştır. Pandemi döneminde kadın cinsiyette madde kullanımında anlamlı bir artış saptanmıştır. Pandemi döneminde metamfetamin, opioid, kokain ve çoklu madde kullanımında pandemi öncesine göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı artış görüldü. Sonuç: Çalışmamızın verileri, Türkiye'de pandemiden önce ve pandemi döneminde madde kullanım oranlarını göstermektedir. Çalışma, COVID-19'un Türkiye'deki uyuşturucu kullanım sıklıkları üzerindeki etkisini anlamak için faydalı olacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• bağımlılık
• madde kullanım bozukluğu
• COVID-19
• pandemi
• denetimli serbestlik

Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Substance Use

Abstract

Objective: As the pandemic spreads worldwide, individuals are exposed to factors such as social isolation, economic uncertainty, and general stress, which has increased the risk of substance use and addiction. Studies show that the SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) pandemic has increased substance use disorders. The aim of this study is to examine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on substance use disorders. Method: The study was planned as a retrospective study. This study was based on March 11, 2020, the date when the COVID-19 case was first seen in Turkey, for 4 years, including two years before the pandemic and two years during the pandemic process, between 11.03.2018 and 11.03.2022. 1743 cases referred to the psychiatric outpatient clinic within the scope of probation were included. Results: While substance use was detected in 834 people in the pre-COVID-19 pandemic period (March 2018-March 2020), substance use was detected in 909 people during the COVID-19 pandemic period (March 2020-March 2022). A significant increase in substance use was detected in female gender during the pandemic period. A statistically significant increase was observed in methamphetamine, opioid, cocaine and multiple substance use during the pandemic period compared to the pre-pandemic period. Conclusion: The data of our study show substance use rates in Turkey before and during the pandemic. The study will be useful to understand the impact of COVID-19 on drug use frequencies in Türkiye.

Keywords

• addiction
• COVID-19
• pandemic
• substance use disorder
• probation

Kaynakça

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