Alkol Bağımlılığı Tedavisi Gören Yaşlı Hastaların Sosyodemografik ve Klinik Özellikleri

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, 60 yaş ve üzeri bireylerde alkol kullanım bozukluğunun (AKB) yaygınlığını, sosyodemografik ve klinik özelliklerini incelemektir. Yöntem: 2019-2023 yılları arasında Manisa Ruh Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Hastanesi Bağımlılık Danışmanlığı Polikliniği'ne başvuran ve AKB tanısı konulan 60 yaş ve üzeri 3892 hasta retrospektif olarak analiz edilmiştir. Hastaların sosyodemografik verileri, komorbiditeleri ve tedavi yaklaşımları değerlendirilmiştir. Bulgular: Çalışmaya dahil edilen bireylerin %93,6'sı erkek, %6,4'ü kadındır. Erkeklerde AKB prevalansı kadınlara göre daha yüksek bulunmuş, ancak pandemi döneminde kadınlarda alkol tüketiminde anlamlı bir artış saptanmıştır. Katılımcıların yaş ortalaması 64,6±4,4 yıl olup, %89'u ayaktan tedavi almıştır. İzmir gibi metropol şehirlerden gelen hastalarda yatarak tedavi oranı daha yüksektir. En sık görülen fiziksel komorbiditeler hipertansiyon (%51,6) ve malnütrisyon (%31,4), psikiyatrik komorbiditeler ise depresyon (%19,8) ve demans/bilişsel bozukluk (%17,3) olarak belirlenmiştir. Sonuç: Geriatrik bireylerde AKB, ciddi fiziksel ve psikososyal eş tanılarla birlikte seyretmektedir. Bu durum, erken tanının, disiplinler arası yaklaşımın ve kapsamla psikososyal destek hizmetlerinin önemini vurgulamaktadır. Gelecek çalışmalar, yaşlı bireylerde AKB'ye yönelik farkındalığı artırmayı ve bütüncül müdahale stratejileri geliştirmeyi hedeflemelidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• alkol-bağlantılı rahatsızlıklar
• geriatrik psikiyatri
• madde kullanımına bağlı bozukluklar
• Yaşlı

Sociodemographic and Clinical Characteristics of Elderly Patients in Alcohol Dependence Treatment

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to examine the prevalence, sociodemographic characteristics, and clinical features of alcohol use disorder (AUD) in individuals aged 60 years and older. Method: A retrospective cohort analysis was conducted on 3892 patients aged 60 and over who were diagnosed with AUD and admitted to the Addiction Counseling Outpatient Clinic of Manisa Mental Health and Diseases Hospital between 2019 and 2023. Sociodemographic data, comorbidities, and treatment approaches were evaluated. Results: Among the participants, 93.6% were male and 6.4% were female. The prevalence of AUD was higher among males; however, a significant increase in alcohol consumption among females was observed during the pandemic period. The mean age was 64.6±4.4 years, and 89% of the patients received outpatient treatment. Patients from metropolitan areas, such as İzmir, showed higher rates of inpatient treatment. The most common physical comorbidities were hypertension (51.6%) and malnutrition (31.4%), while the most frequent psychiatric comorbidities were depression (19.8%) and dementia/cognitive impairment (17.3%). Conclusion: In geriatric individuals, AUD frequently coexists with significant physical and psychosocial comorbidities. These findings emphasize the importance of early diagnosis, interdisciplinary approaches, and comprehensive psychosocial support services. Future studies should aim to raise awareness of AUD among the elderly and develop holistic intervention strategies.

Keywords

• alcohol-related disorders
• geriatric psychiatry
• substance-related disorders
• elderly

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