Complete Blood Count Parameters and Lymphocyte-Related Ratios in Patients with Alcohol Use Disorder

Öz

Objective: The study aimed to determine complete blood count (CBC) parameters, lymphocyte-related ratios in alcohol use disorder (AUD) patients with heavy alcohol use.

Method: The dependent group included 75 individuals with history of alcohol use for at least 10 years. CBC parameters were obtained by evaluating the required tests before alcohol detoxification was initiated. The control group included 75 healthy individuals.

Results: Alcohol use was 6.04 ± 1.45 units/day and the mean duration of alcohol use was 27.62 ± 8.68 years. There were significant differences between the groups based on white blood cell (WBC), neutrophil count, percentage, monocyte count, percentage, neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), monocyte to lymphocyte ratio (MLR), favoring the dependent group. There were significant differences between the groups based on lymphocyte percentage, eosinophil count, percentage, basophil percentage, RBC and eosinophil to lymphocyte ratio (ELR), favoring the control group. 

Conclusion: CBC can be used as a rapid and inexpensive examination in AUD patients with heavy alcohol consumption to obtain information about inflammatory processes. and immunological systems which may be useful in AUD diagnosis treatment and follow-up.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Alcoholism,blood cell count

Alkol Kullanım Bozukluğu Olan Hastalarda Tam Kan Sayımı Parametreleri ve Lenfositle İlişkili Oranlar

Öz

Amaç: Ağır alkol tüketimi olan alkol kullanım bozukluğu (AKB) hastalarında tam kan sayımı (CBC) parametreleri ve lenfosit-ilişkili oranların araştırılması planlandı.

Yöntem: En az 10 yıldır alkol kullanımı olan 75 kişiden ‘bağımlı grup’ oluşturuldu. CBC parametreleri, alkol detoksifikasyonuna başlanmadan önce istenen tetkiklerin değerlendirilmesiyle elde edildi. 75 sağlıklı kişiden ‘kontrol grubu’ oluşturuldu. 

Bulgular: Alkol kullanım miktarı 6.04±1.45 birim/gün, alkol kullanım süresi ortalama 27.62±8.68 yıl idi.  Beyaz küre (WBC), nötrofil sayısı, yüzdesi, monosit sayısı, yüzdesi, nötrofil-lenfosit oranı (NLO), monosit-lenfosit oranı (MLO) bağımlı grubunda daha yüksek olmak üzere, gruplar arasında anlamlı farklılık vardı. Lenfosit yüzdesi, eozinofil sayısı, yüzdesi, bazofil yüzdesi, RBC, eozinofil-lenfosit oranı (ELO) kontrol grubunda daha yüksek olmak üzere gruplar arasında anlamlı farklılık vardı. 

Sonuç:  CBC, kısa sürede yapılan ucuz bir tetkik olarak, ağır alkol tüketen AKB tanılı hastalarda teşhis koymada ve takipte enflamatuvar süreçler ve immünolojik sistem hakkında bilgi veren yöntem olarak kullanılabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Alkolizm,, kan hücresi sayımı,, lenfositler,inflamasyon

Kaynakça

1. Referans 1 Schuckit MA. Alcohol-use disorders. Lancet 2009; 373: 492-501.
2. Referans 2 Camarini R, Pautassi RM, Mendez M, et al. Behavioral and neurochemical studies in distinct animal models of ethanol's motivational effects. Curr Drug Abuse Rev 2010; 3: 205-221.
3. Referans 3 Bouchery EE, Harwood HJ, Sacks JJ, et al. Economic costs of excessive alcohol consumption in the US, 2006. Am J Prev Med 2011; 41: 516-524.
4. Referans 4 Guzel D, Yazici AB, Yazici E, et al. Alterations of the hematologic cells in synthetic cannabinoid users. J Clin Lab Anal 2017; 31.
5. Referans 5 Mert DG, Terzi H. Mean platelet volume in bipolar disorder: the search for an ideal biomarker. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2016; 12: 2057.
6. Referans 6 Özdin S, Sarisoy G, Böke Ö. A comparison of the neutrophil-lymphocyte, platelet-lymphocyte and monocyte-lymphocyte ratios in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder patients–a retrospective file review. Nord J Psychiatry 2017; 71: 509-512.
7. Referans 7 Liu L, Chen M, Zhao L, et al. Ethanol Induces Platelet Apoptosis. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2017; 41: 291-298.
8. Referans 8 Szabo G, Catalano D, White B, et al. Acute alcohol consumption inhibits accessory cell function of monocytes and dendritic cells. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2004; 28: 824-828.

9. Referans 9 Whelan G. Alcohol-related health problems in the elderly. Med J Aust 1995; 162: 325-327.
10. Referans 10 Orum MH, Kara MZ, Egilmez OB. Relationship between immune cells and alcohol dependents and controls: what about the lymphocyte-related ratios? J Immunoassay Immunochem 2018; 39: 348-350.
11. Referans 11 Association AP. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM-5®): American Psychiatric Pub; 2013.
12. Referans 12 Riis P. Perspectives on the Fifth Revision of the Declaration of Helsinki. Jama 2000; 284: 3045-3046.
13. Referans 13 Parry H, Cohen S, Schlarb JE, et al. Smoking, alcohol consumption, and leukocyte counts. Am J Clin Pathol 1997; 107: 64-67.
14. Referans 14 Nogueira LC, do Rio RF, Lollo PCB, et al. Moderate Alcoholic Beer Consumption: The Effects on the Lipid Profile and Insulin Sensitivity of Adult Men. J Food Sc 2017; 82: 1720-1725.
15. Referans 15 Nelson S, Kolls JK. Alcohol, host defence and society. Nat Rev Immunol 2002; 2: 205.
16. Referans 16 Zhang P, Bagby GJ, Stoltz DA, et al. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor modulates the pulmonary host response to endotoxin in the absence and presence of acute ethanol intoxication. J Infect Dis 1999; 179: 1441-1448.
17. Referans 17 Szabo I, Rojavin M, Bussiere JL, et al. Suppression of peritoneal macrophage phagocytosis of Candida albicans by opioids. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1993; 267: 703-706.
18. Referans 18 Nakanishi N, Yoshida H, Okamoto M, et al. Association of alcohol consumption with white blood cell count: a study of Japanese male office workers. J Intern Med 2003; 253: 367-374.
19. Referans 19 Savage DG, Ogundipe A, Allen RH, et al. Etiology and diagnostic evaluation of macrocytosis. Am J Med Sci 2000; 319: 343-52.
20. Referans 20 Friedman GD, Siegelaub AB, Seltzer CC, et al. Smoking habits and the leukocyte count. Arch Environ Health 1973; 26: 137-143.
21. Referans 21 Noble RC, Penny BB. Comparison of leukocyte count and function in smoking and nonsmoking young men. Infect Immun 1975; 12: 550-555.
22. Referans 22 Lao XQ, Jiang CQ, Zhang WS, et al. Smoking, smoking cessation and inflammatory markers in older Chinese men: The Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study. Atherosclerosis 2009; 203: 304-310.
23. Referans 23 Smith MR, Kinmonth AL, Luben RN, et al. Smoking status and differential white cell count in men and women in the EPIC-Norfolk population. Atherosclerosis 2003; 169: 331-337.
24. Referans 24 Roest AM, Martens EJ, de Jonge P, et al. Anxiety and risk of incident coronary heart disease: a meta-analysis. J Am Coll Cardiol 2010; 56: 38-46.Referans 25 Stein MB, Sareen J. Generalized anxiety disorder. N Engl J Med 2015; 373: 2059-2068.
25. Referans 26 Torvik FA, Rosenström TH, Gustavson K, et al. Explaining the association between anxiety disorders and alcohol use disorder: A twin study. Depress Anxiety 2019.
26. Referans 27 Tuğlu C, Kara SH. Depression, cytokines and immune system. Klinik Psikofarmakol Bülteni 2003; 13: 142-150.
27. Referans 28 Ferroni P, Riondino S, Formica V, et al. Venous thromboembolism risk prediction in ambulatory cancer patients: clinical significance of neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio and platelet/lymphocyte ratio. Int J Cancer 2015 36: 1234-1240.
28. Referans 29 Asoglu M, Aslan M, Imre O, et al. Mean platelet volume and red cell distribution width levels in initial evaluation of panic disorder. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2016; 12: 2435.
29. Referans 30 Hamer M, Gibson EL, Vuononvirta R et al. Inflammatory and hemostatic responses to repeated mental stress: individual stability and habituation over time. Brain Behav Immun 2006; 20: 456-459.
30. Referans 31 Hoge E, Brandstetter K, Moshier S, et al. Broad spectrum of cytokine abnormalities in panic disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder. Depress Anxiety 2009; 26: 447-455.
31. Referans 32 Almis BH, Aksoy I. Mean platelet volume level in patients with generalized anxiety disorder. Klinik Psikofarmakol Bülteni 2018; 28: 43-47.
32. Referans 33 Canan F, Dikici S, Kutlucan A, et al. Association of mean platelet volume with DSM-IV major depression in a large community-based population: the MELEN study. J Psychiatr Res 2012; 46: 298-302.
33. Referans 34 Wysokiński A, Szczepocka E. Platelet parameters (PLT, MPV, P-LCR) in patients with schizophrenia, unipolar depression and bipolar disorder. Psychiatry Res 2016; 237: 238-245.