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Madde Kullanımı ve Bağımlılığında Kullanılan Dilin Önemi

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 21 Sayı: 2, 149 - 162, 30.06.2020

Öz

Madde kullanımı söz konusu olduğunda kullanılan dil önemlidir. Madde kullananlar alkol kötüye kullanan, alkolik, bağımlı, madde bağımlısı, esrarkeş gibi terimlerle adlandırılmaktadır. Bu terimler, toplumun madde kullananları algılama biçimini, sağlık çalışanlarının tutumlarını ve bundan etkilenen insanları olumsuz yönde etkileyebilmektedir. Hastaları belirtilen terimlerle damgalama, bağımlılık tedavisinin önünde hastaların karşılaştığı en büyük engellerden biridir. Bundan dolayı, madde kullananlar ile ilgili gerek alan yazında gerek hastalarla iletişimde gerekse raporlarda ve tanılarda damgalamadan uzak terimler kullanılmalıdır. Bu dil; tüm bireylerin değerine ve itibarına saygı duyan bir dil (“birincil dil”) olmalı ve aynı zamanda madde kullanım bozuklukları ve tedavisinin tıbbi doğasına odaklanmalıdır. Ayrıca kullanılan dil, iyileşme sürecini teşvik etmeli ve argo ve benzeri deyimlerden uzak olmalıdır. Dilin uygunsuz kullanımı, iyileşme teriminin de tanımlanmasını gerektirmektedir. Madde kullanımı ve dil ilişkisinde, kapsamlı bir tıbbi modeli de içine alan biyopsikososyal modele göre tanımlanan dil kullanılmalıdır. Madde bağımlılığı ile ilgili kamuoyu inançları ve tutumlarındaki farkların altında yatan damgalanmayı azaltma ve uygun politika geliştirmek için farklı yaklaşımlar benimsenmesi gerekmektedir. Madde bağımlısı ve benzer terimler, profesyoneller arasında veya toplumda kullanılmamalıdır.

Destekleyen Kurum

yok

Proje Numarası

yok

Teşekkür

-

Kaynakça

  • 1. Demirbaş H. Madde kullanımı ve dil. İ. Hamit H, Selma. E (Editörler). Adli Dilbilim. Ankara: Seçkin Yayıncılık, 2019: 227.
  • 2. Broyles LM, Binswanger IA, Jenkins JA, et al. Confronting Inadvertent Stigma and Pejorative Language in Addiction Scholarship: A Recognition and Response. Subst Abus, 2014; 35(3): 217-221. doi:10.1080/08897077.2014.930372
  • 3. McGinty EE, Goldman HH, Pescosolido B, Barry CL. Portraying mental illness and drug addiction as treatable health conditions: Effects of a randomized experiment on stigma and discrimination. Soc SciMed, 2015; 126: 73 –85. doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2014. 12.010
  • 4. What's in a word? How language can destigmatize substance use. Available from: URL:http://www.bcmhsus.ca/about/news-stories/stories/whats-in-a-word-how-language-can-destigmatize-substance-use (02 Temmuz 2019’da ulaşıldı). 5. Clement S, Schauman O, Graham T, et al. What is the impact of mental health-related stigma on help-seeking? A systematic review of quantitative and qualitative studies. Psychol Med, 2015; 45(1); 11-27. doi:10.1017/S0033291714000129
  • 6. Kelly JF, Dow SJ, Westerhoff C. Does our choice of substance-related terms influence perceptions of treatment need? An empirical investigation with two commonly used terms. J Drug Issues, 2010; 40(4); 805–818. doi:10.1177/002204261004000403
  • 7. The National Alliance of Advocates for Buprenorphine Treatment The Words We Use Matter. Reducing Stigma through Language. Available from: URL:http://www.naabt.org. (02 Temmuz 2019’da ulaşıldı).
  • 8. Güleç G, Koşger F, Eşsizoğlu A. Alcohol and Substance Use Disorders in DSM-5. Psikiyatride Güncel Yaklasimlar, 2015; 1. doi: 10.5455/cap.20150325081809
  • 9. Ashford RD, Brown AM, Curtis B. "Abusing addiction": Our language still isn’t good enough. Alcohol Treat Quarterly, 2019; 37(2): 257-272. doi: 10.1080/07347324.2018.1513777
  • 10. Ashford RD, Brown AM, Curtis B. Substance use, recovery, and linguistics: The impact of word choice on explicit and implicit bias. Drug Alcohol Depend, 2018; 189(1): 131–138. doi:10.1016/j. drugalcdep.2018.05.005
  • 11. Pivovarova E, Stein M. In their own words: Language preferences of individuals who use heroin. Addiction. 2019; 114(10): 1785-1790. doi:10.1111/add.14699
  • 12. Xie E, Green S, Puri N, Sheikh H. Updating our language around substance use disorders. Can MedAssoc J, 2017; 189(50): E1566. doi:10.1503/cmaj.733490
  • 13. Ashford RD, Brown AM, Mcdaniel J, Curtis B. Biased labels: An experimental study of language and stigma among individuals in recovery and health professionals. Subst Use Misuse, 2019; 54(8): 1376-1384. doi:10.1080/10826084.2019.1581221
  • 14. Ashford RD, Brown A, Brown, T, et al. Defining and operationalizing the phenomena of recovery: A working definition from the recovery science research collaborative. Addict Res Theory, 2019; 27 (3): 179-188. doi: 10.1080/16066359.2018.1515352
  • 15. Barry CL, McGinty EE, Pescosolido BA, Goldman HH. Stigma, discrimination, treatment effectiveness, and policy: Public views about drug addiction and mental illness. Psychiatr Serv, 2014; 65(10): 1269–1272. doi:10.1176/appi.ps.201400140
  • 16. Kelly JF, Westerhoff CM. Does it matter how we refer to individuals with substance-related conditions? A randomized study of two commonly used terms. Int J Drug Policy, 2010; 21(3): 202–207. doi: 10.1016/j.drugpo.2009.10.010
  • 17. van Boekel LC, Brouwers EP, van Weeghel J, Garretsen HF. Stigma among health professionals towards patients with substance use disorders and its consequences for healthcare delivery: Systematic review. Drug Alcohol Depend, 2013; 131(1): 23–35. doi:10.1016/ j.drugalcdep.2013.02.018

The Importance of the Language Used in Substance Use and Addiction

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 21 Sayı: 2, 149 - 162, 30.06.2020

Öz

The language used is important when it comes to substance use. When substance abuse is used, terms such as alcohol abuse, alcoholic, addict, substance addict, and junkie are used. These terms may adversely affect the way society perceives substance abuse, attitudes of healthcare workers, legal processes and affected people. Stigmatization is the biggest obstacle for addiction treatment. For the reasons stated above, in terms of substance use, the terms free of stigmatization should be used both in the literature and in communication with patients and in reports and diagnoses. In addition, the language used should encourage the healing process and be free from slang and similar phrases. Improper use of language requires defining the term for improvement. The language defined by the biopsychosocial model, including a comprehensive medical model, should be used in substance use and language relations. Different approaches need to be adopted to reduce stigmatization underlying differences in public beliefs and attitudes related to drug addiction and to develop appropriate policies. Substance abuse and similar terms should not be used among professionals or community. 

Proje Numarası

yok

Kaynakça

  • 1. Demirbaş H. Madde kullanımı ve dil. İ. Hamit H, Selma. E (Editörler). Adli Dilbilim. Ankara: Seçkin Yayıncılık, 2019: 227.
  • 2. Broyles LM, Binswanger IA, Jenkins JA, et al. Confronting Inadvertent Stigma and Pejorative Language in Addiction Scholarship: A Recognition and Response. Subst Abus, 2014; 35(3): 217-221. doi:10.1080/08897077.2014.930372
  • 3. McGinty EE, Goldman HH, Pescosolido B, Barry CL. Portraying mental illness and drug addiction as treatable health conditions: Effects of a randomized experiment on stigma and discrimination. Soc SciMed, 2015; 126: 73 –85. doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2014. 12.010
  • 4. What's in a word? How language can destigmatize substance use. Available from: URL:http://www.bcmhsus.ca/about/news-stories/stories/whats-in-a-word-how-language-can-destigmatize-substance-use (02 Temmuz 2019’da ulaşıldı). 5. Clement S, Schauman O, Graham T, et al. What is the impact of mental health-related stigma on help-seeking? A systematic review of quantitative and qualitative studies. Psychol Med, 2015; 45(1); 11-27. doi:10.1017/S0033291714000129
  • 6. Kelly JF, Dow SJ, Westerhoff C. Does our choice of substance-related terms influence perceptions of treatment need? An empirical investigation with two commonly used terms. J Drug Issues, 2010; 40(4); 805–818. doi:10.1177/002204261004000403
  • 7. The National Alliance of Advocates for Buprenorphine Treatment The Words We Use Matter. Reducing Stigma through Language. Available from: URL:http://www.naabt.org. (02 Temmuz 2019’da ulaşıldı).
  • 8. Güleç G, Koşger F, Eşsizoğlu A. Alcohol and Substance Use Disorders in DSM-5. Psikiyatride Güncel Yaklasimlar, 2015; 1. doi: 10.5455/cap.20150325081809
  • 9. Ashford RD, Brown AM, Curtis B. "Abusing addiction": Our language still isn’t good enough. Alcohol Treat Quarterly, 2019; 37(2): 257-272. doi: 10.1080/07347324.2018.1513777
  • 10. Ashford RD, Brown AM, Curtis B. Substance use, recovery, and linguistics: The impact of word choice on explicit and implicit bias. Drug Alcohol Depend, 2018; 189(1): 131–138. doi:10.1016/j. drugalcdep.2018.05.005
  • 11. Pivovarova E, Stein M. In their own words: Language preferences of individuals who use heroin. Addiction. 2019; 114(10): 1785-1790. doi:10.1111/add.14699
  • 12. Xie E, Green S, Puri N, Sheikh H. Updating our language around substance use disorders. Can MedAssoc J, 2017; 189(50): E1566. doi:10.1503/cmaj.733490
  • 13. Ashford RD, Brown AM, Mcdaniel J, Curtis B. Biased labels: An experimental study of language and stigma among individuals in recovery and health professionals. Subst Use Misuse, 2019; 54(8): 1376-1384. doi:10.1080/10826084.2019.1581221
  • 14. Ashford RD, Brown A, Brown, T, et al. Defining and operationalizing the phenomena of recovery: A working definition from the recovery science research collaborative. Addict Res Theory, 2019; 27 (3): 179-188. doi: 10.1080/16066359.2018.1515352
  • 15. Barry CL, McGinty EE, Pescosolido BA, Goldman HH. Stigma, discrimination, treatment effectiveness, and policy: Public views about drug addiction and mental illness. Psychiatr Serv, 2014; 65(10): 1269–1272. doi:10.1176/appi.ps.201400140
  • 16. Kelly JF, Westerhoff CM. Does it matter how we refer to individuals with substance-related conditions? A randomized study of two commonly used terms. Int J Drug Policy, 2010; 21(3): 202–207. doi: 10.1016/j.drugpo.2009.10.010
  • 17. van Boekel LC, Brouwers EP, van Weeghel J, Garretsen HF. Stigma among health professionals towards patients with substance use disorders and its consequences for healthcare delivery: Systematic review. Drug Alcohol Depend, 2013; 131(1): 23–35. doi:10.1016/ j.drugalcdep.2013.02.018
Toplam 16 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Psikiyatri
Bölüm Derleme
Yazarlar

Hatice Demirbaş 0000-0002-4148-8562

Proje Numarası yok
Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Haziran 2020
Kabul Tarihi 3 Nisan 2020
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2020 Cilt: 21 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

AMA Demirbaş H. Madde Kullanımı ve Bağımlılığında Kullanılan Dilin Önemi. Bağımlılık Dergisi. Haziran 2020;21(2):149-162.

Bağımlılık Dergisi - Journal of Dependence