Bezelye Tohumlarında Su Zararı, Canlılık ve Kromozom Bozulmaları Üzerine Hidrasyon Uygulamalarının Etkileri

Öz

Yüksek ve düşük nem kapsamlarındaki bezelye (Pisum sativum L.) tohumlarının, yüksek ve düşük canlılıklardaki tohum grupları suda farklı periyotlarda bekletilmiştir. Tohum canlılığı ile tohumların su zararına hassasiyeti arasında negatif bir ilişki olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır. Ayrıca, vakumla kurutma sonrasında elde edilen düşük nem kapsamındaki bezelye tohumlarının başlangıç canlılığı, su zararında etkili olan önemli bir faktör olarak belirlenmiştir. Su zararını önlemek ya da minimum düzeye indirmek ve ayrıca yaşlanmadan kaynaklanan genetik bozulmaların onarımını sağlamak için yüksek ve düşük nem kapsamındaki bezelye tohumlarına humidifikasyon uygulamaları yapılmıştır. Çimlenme öncesi yapılan humidifikasyon uygulamaları, bezelye tohumlarında su zararının meydana gelmesini önlemiştir. Ayrıca, bütün bezelye tohum gruplarında, ilk mitoz bölünmelerdeki kromozomal bozulma gösteren anafaz hücrelerinin frekansında azalma olduğu belirlenmiştir. Humidifikasyon uygulamalarından sonra, kromozomal bozulma gruplarından en çok kromatid-tipi bozulmalarda azalma olduğu gözlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Bezelye
• Su Zararı
• Canlılık
• Kromozom
• Hidrasyon

The Effects of Hydration Treatments on Imbibition Injury, Viability and Chromosomal Aberrations in Pea Seeds

Öz

High and low viability samples of high and low moisture content pea (Pisum sativum L.) seed lots were soaked in distilled water for various periods of time. It was concluded that in pea seeds there was a negative correlation between seed viability and susceptibility of pea seeds to imbibition injury. Moreover, it was determined that the initial viability of pea seeds was an important factor affecting imbibition injury after desiccation to low moisture contents. In order to avoid or minimize imbibition injury and possibly recover any damage which resulted from ageing, humidification treatments were conducted in high and low moisture content pea seed lots. These observations confirmed that imbibition injury could be removed by using pre-germination humidification treatments. Furthermore, the frequency of anaphase cells which showed chromosomal damage at the first mitotic divisions decreased in all pea seed lots. The greatest reduction was observed in chromatid-type aberrations, following humidification treatments.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Peas
• Water Damage
• Vitality
• Chromosome
• Hydration

Kaynakça

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