Alternatif Protein Kaynağı Olarak Böceklerin Kanatlı Karma Yemlerinde Kullanımı

Öz

Dünya nüfusunun artışına paralel olarak artan hayvansal protein ihtiyacını karşılamak amacıyla kanatlı eti ve yumurtaya olan talebin önümüzdeki yıllarda artması beklenmektedir. Bu nedenle kanatlı karma yem üretiminde kullanılan protein kaynaklarına ihtiyaç da büyük ölçüde artacaktır. Islah çalışmaları ile yüksek genetik kapasiteye sahip etlik piliç ve yumurta tavuklarının besin maddesi ve enerji ihtiyaçlarını karşılamak önemlidir. Bu nedenle, yem endüstrisi balık unu gibi pahalı hayvansal kökenli sınırlı protein kaynakları yerine ikame edilebilecek besin madde değeri, sindirilebilirliği yüksek ve üretim miktarı fazla olan yeni protein kaynaklarına ihtiyaç duymaktadır. Son yıllarda alternatif protein kaynağı olarak çeşitli böcek türlerinin etlik piliç, yumurta tavuğu ve hindi gibi kanatlı hayvanların karma yemlerinde balık unu yerine belli oranlarda ikame edilebileceği ve hayvanların performansını olumlu yönde etkilediğini bildiren birçok bilimsel çalışmalar yapılmıştır. Bu derlemede, böcek kökenli alternatif protein kaynaklarının besin madde özellikleri, kanatlı beslenmesinde kullanılma olanakları, avantaj ve dezavantajları, performans ve sağlık durumları üzerine etkilerinin güncel literatür ışığında incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Alternatif yem hammaddesi böcekler
• kanatlı
• performans

Use of Insects as Alternative Protein Sources in Poultry Feeds

Abstract

The demand for poultry meat and eggs is expected to increase in the coming years in order to meet the need for animal protein, in parallel with the increase in the world population. Therefore, the need for protein sources used in poultry feed production will increase greatly. It is important to meet the nutrient and energy needs of broilers and laying hens with high genetic capacity through breeding studies. Therefore, the feed industry requires new protein sources with high nutrient value, high digestibility and high yields, which complete or partial substitution of expensive and limited quantity produced fishmeal. In recent years, many scientific studies have been conducted to report that various insect species as alternative sources of protein can be substituted at certain proportions instead of fish meal in poultry feeds such as broiler chickens, hens and turkeys affected the performance of animals positively. In this review, it is aimed to investigate the nutrient properties of alternative protein sources of insect origin, their facilities, advantages and disadvantages in poultry nutrition, their effects on performance and health in the light of current literature.

Keywords

• Alternative feedstuffs insects
• poultry
• performance

Kaynakça

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