Bitkiler ve İnsan Sağlığı Açısından Melatonin

Öz

Bir çok canlı organizmalarda varlığı ispatlanan bir molekül olan melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine), ilk olarak 1958 yılında sığır beyin üstü bezinden izole edilen bir indol amin olarak keşfedilmiştir. Bitkilerden sonra tek hücreliler, mantarlar, algler, hayvanlar gibi evrimsel yapıları bakımından birbirlerinden oldukça farklı organizmalarda da varlığı tespit edilmiştir. Bitkilerde melatonin daha çok bitki büyüme düzenleyici etkisi ve strese dayanım etkisi olarak ortaya çıkmaktadır. Kök büyümesi, sürgün gelişimi, apikal dormansi, çiçeklenme, yaşlanmayı geciktirme, ROS ve RNS giderme, yüksek antioksidan özelliği, enzim düzenleyici etkisi, IAA, ABA ve JA gibi birçok mekanizma üzerinde etkisi mevcuttur. Melatonin hormonunun, insan sağlığı ve tüketilen gıdalar ile doğrudan ilişkisi olduğu bilinmektedir. Triptofan içeriği yüksek bitkilerin tüketimi ile insan vücudunda melatonin sentezinin hızlandığı ve başta kanser olmak üzere birçok hastalığı önleyici veya durdurucu etkisi olduğu görülmektedir. Melatonin hormonunun asıl görevi, vücudun biyolojik saatini ve ritmini ayarlamaktır. Bu derlemede, fonksiyonel gıdalar, bitkiler ve insan sağlığı açısından melatoninin etkileri hakkında bilgi verilmesi amaçlanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Melatonin
• fizyoloji
• sağlık

Melatonine For Plants and Human Health

Öz

Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine), a molecule that has been proven in many living organisms, was first discovered in 1958 as an indole amine isolated from the bovine superficial gland. After the plants, single cells, fungi, algae, animals, etc. have been found in organisms quite different from each other in terms of evolutionary structures. In plants, melatonin emerges as plant growth regulatory effect and strase resistance effect. There are effects on many mechanisms such as root growth, shoot growth, apical dormancy, flowering, delayed aging, ROS and RNS removal, high antioxidant properties, enzyme regulatory effect, IAA, ABA and JA. Melatonin hormone is known to be directly related to human health and consumed foods. The content of tryptophan seems to be accelerated by the synthesis of melatonin in the human body with the consumption of high plants, and it is the preventive or stopping effect of many diseases, especially cancer. The main task of the melatonin hormone is to adjust the body's biological clock and rhythm. In this review, it is aimed to give information about the effects of melatonin in terms of functional foods, plants and human health.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Melatonin
• physiology
• health

Kaynakça

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