Bor ve Salisilik Asit Uygulamalarının Acı ve Tatlı Kıl Biberde Verim, Meyve Kalitesi ve Biyokimyasal İçerikler Üzerine Etkileri

Öz

Çalışma, biber meyvelerinde bor ve salisilik asit uygulamalarının acı ve tatlı kıl biber çeşitlerinde verim ve meyve kalitesi özellikleri ile biyokimyasal içeriklerine etkilerinin belirlenmesi amacı ile 2019 yılı ilkbahar üretim döneminde Ordu Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Bahçe Bitkileri Bölümü’ne ait plastik sera ve laboratuvarlarda yürütülmüştür. Biber fideleri yetiştirme ortamı olarak 3:1 oranında torf:perlit karışımı içeren 50×18×16 cm ebadındaki balkon tipi saksılara dikilmiştir. Gübrelemeler dikim sonrası 10 ve 20. günlerde yapılmış, bor uygulaması toprak ve yapraktan uygulanmış salisilik asit uygulaması ise yapraktan uygulanmıştır. Çalışmada 6 farklı uygulama (kontrol, SA sprey, Bor sprey, Bor topraktan, Bor topraktan + SA sprey, Bor sprey + SA spey) konusu çalışılmıştır. Bor uygulamasında 20 g/da, salisilik asitte 1 mM dozu kullanılmıştır. Biber bitkilerinde 5 kez hasat yapılmış, hasat edilen bitkilerde bitki boyu (cm), bitki verimi (kg/da), yaprak eni (cm), yaprak boyu (cm), gövde çapı (cm), meyve sayısı (adet/bitki), meyve çapı (cm), meyve boyu (cm), yaprak kroma ve hue açı değeri, klorofil indeksi, kuru madde oranı (%), toplam fenolik madde, flavonoid ile antioksidan etkinliği (DPPH) belirlenmiştir. Bor gübrelemesi ve salisilik asit uygulamalarının bitki başına meyve verimini %76’ya varan oranlarda arttırdığı belirlenmiştir. Ortalama meyve ağırlığı 7.87-9.80 g arasında değişmiştir. Bor ve salisilik asit uygulamalarının biber meyvelerinin fenolik madde içeriklerine önemli etkilerinin olduğu belirlenmiştir. Uygulama etkilerinin acı ve tatlı biberlerde farklı olduğu belirlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Bor
• fenolikler
• renk özellikleri
• salisilik asit
• verim

The Effects of Boron and Salicylic Acid Applications on Yield, Fruit Quality and Biochemical Contents

Öz

The study was carried out in the plastic greenhouses and laboratories of Ordu University Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Horticulture in the spring production period of 2019 in order to determine the effects of boron and salicylic acid treatments in pepper fruits on yield and fruit quality characteristics and biochemical contents of hot and sweet pepper varieties. Pepper seedlings were planted in 50×18×16 cm balcony type pots containing a 3:1 mixture of peat:perlite as a growing medium. Treatment was done on the 10th and 20th days after planting, boron treatment was applied to the soil and leaves, and salicylic acid was applied to the leaves. In the study, 6 different treatments (control, SA spray, Boron spray, Boron soil, Boron soil + SA spray, Boron spray + SA spray) were studied. In boron treatment, 20 g/da, 1 mM dose of salicylic acid was used. Pepper plants were harvested 5 times, plant height (cm), plant yield (kg/da), leaf width (cm), leaf length (cm), stem diameter (cm), fruit number (piece/plant), fruit diameter (cm), fruit length (cm), leaf chroma and hue angle value, chlorophyll index, dry matter ratio (%), total phenolic substance, flavonoid and antioxidant activity (DPPH) were determined. It was determined that boron fertilization and salicylic acid applications increased fruit yield per plant by up to 76%. Average fruit weight varied between 7.87-9.80 g. It was determined that boron and salicylic acid applications had significant effects on the phenolic content of pepper fruits. It was determined that the treatment effects were different in hot and sweet peppers.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Boron
• color characteristics
• phenolics
• salicylic acid
• yield

Kaynakça

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