Gebelerin COVID-19 Pandemisine Karşı Bilgi Durumunun Anksiyete Düzeyine Etkisi: Hastane Tabanlı Tanımlayıcı Çalışma

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 12 Sayı: 2, 394 - 401, 23.06.2023

Elnaz Karamelikli Vusale Aziz Reyhan Aydın Doğan

https://doi.org/10.53424/balikesirsbd.1176121

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışma COVID-19 pandemisi sırasında gebelerde yaşanan anksiyete durumunu ve etkileyen faktörleri saptamak amacıyla yapılmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Hastane tabanlı tanımlayıcı olan çalışmaya 146 gebe dahil edilmiştir. Veriler kişisel veri formu ve Beck Anksiyete Envanteri (BECK-A) kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Gebelerin anksiyete düzeyine etki eden faktörler lineer regresyon modeliyle açıklanmıştır. Bulgular: Gebelerin yaş ortalaması 28.14±5.43 yıl ve gebelik haftası 23.44±10.74 hafta olarak saptanmıştır. Gebelerin %19.2’sinin orta düzey anksiyeteye ve %6.6’inin de yüksek düzey anksiyeteye sahip olduğu görülmüştür. Lineer regresyon analizi, yaşayan çocuğun varlığının, yakınının COVID-19 olma durumunun ve gebelikte kontrole gitme sıklığının Beck anksiyete puanının en iyi yordayıcısı olduğunu ortaya koymuştur (p değerleri sırasıyla 0.000, 0.037 ve 0.042). Sonuç: Bu çalışma, COVID-19 salgınının gebelerin anksiyetesi üzerinde olumsuz etkisinin olduğunu göstermiştir. Aileden ya da yakınlarından herhangi birinin COVID-19 ile enfekte olması gebelerde anksiyeteyi arttırdığı görülmüştür. Sağlık sisteminde özellikle, bulaşıcı hastalık salgınları sırasında zihinsel travmayı önlemek için oldukça savunmasız nüfusa sahip gebeler için kapsamlı tedavi planları oluşturması önerilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Anksiyete, Gebelik, COVİD-19, Sars-CoV-2

Destekleyen Kurum

yok

Proje Numarası

yok

The Effect of Pregnant Women's Knowledge about the COVID-19 Pandemic on Anxiety Levels: A Hospital-Based Descriptive Study

Öz

Objective: This study was conducted to determine the anxiety experienced in pregnant women and the affecting factors during the COVID-19 pandemic. Material and Method: A hospital-based descriptive study included 146 pregnant women. Data were collected using a personal data form and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BECK-A). The factors affecting the anxiety level of pregnant women were explained by the linear regression model. Results: The mean age of the pregnant women was 28.14±5.43 years and the gestational week was 23.44±10.74 weeks. It was observed that 19.2% of the pregnant women had moderate anxiety, and 6.6% had high-level anxiety. Linear regression analysis revealed that the presence of a surviving child, the status of a relative with COVID-19, and the frequency of visits during pregnancy were the best predictors of Beck anxiety score (p values respectively 0.000, 0.037, and 0.042). Conclusion: This study showed that the COVID-19 outbreak negatively affected pregnant women's anxiety. It has been observed that the fact that any family or their relatives are infected with COVID-19 increases anxiety in pregnant women. In particular, it is recommended in the health system to establish comprehensive treatment plans for pregnant women with highly vulnerable populations to prevent mental trauma during epidemics of infectious diseases.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Anxiety, Pregnancy, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2

Proje Numarası

yok

Kaynakça

• Abedzadeh Kalahroudi, M., Karimian, Z., Nasiri, S., & Khorshidifard, M. S. (2021). Anxiety and perceived stress of pregnant women towards COVID-19 disease and its related factors in Kashan 2020. Iranian Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Infertility, 24(5), 8–18.
• Andersson, L., Sundström-Poromaa, I., Bixo, M., Wulff, M., Bondestam, K., & Åström, M. (2003). Point prevalence of psychiatric disorders during the second trimester of pregnancy: A population-based study. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 189(1), 148–154. https://doi.org/10.1067/mob.[phone]
• Baştarcan, Ç. (2020). Kişilik özelliklerinin gebelikte anksiyete ve depresyon düzeyine etkisi. İstanbul Üniversitesi.
• Bennett, H. A., Einarson, A., Taddio, A., Koren, G., & Einarson, T. R. (2004). Prevalence of depression during pregnancy: Systematic review. Obstetrics and Gynecology, 103(4), 698–709. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.AOG.0000116689.75396.5f
• Çiler Eren, E., & Gümüş Şanlı, S. (2021). The effect of COVID-19 pandemic on depression, anxiety and stress levels of pregnant women. Bagcilar Medical Bulletin, 6(3), 306–313. https://doi.org/10.4274/bmb.galenos.2021.04.050
• Corbett, G. A., Milne, S. J., Hehir, M. P., Lindow, S. W., & O’connell, M. P. (2020). Health anxiety and behavioural changes of pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic. European Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, 249, 96–97. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejogrb.2020.04.022
• Duan, L., & Zhu, G. (2020). Psychological interventions for people affected by the COVID-19 epidemic. The Lancet Psychiatry, 7(4), 300–302. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(20)30073-0
• Erdoğdu, Y., Koçoğlu, F., & Sevim, C. (2020). An investigation of the psychosocial and demographic determinants of anxiety and hopelessness during COVID-19 pandemic. Klinik Psikiyatri Dergisi, 23, 24–37. https://doi.org/10.5505/kpd.2020.35403
• Farrel, T., Reagu, S., Mohan, S., Elmidany, R., Qaddoura, F., Ahmed, E. E. A., Lindow, S., Abuyaqoub, S. M., & Alabdulla, M. A. (2020). The impact of the COVID-19 perinatal mental health of women. Deutsches Arzteblatt International, 117(50), 861–867. Gürbüz, T., Gökmen, O., Kaptan, G., İnanli, E., Karadeniz, S. B., Ersahin Söylemez, N., & Söylemez, İ. (2021). Investigating anxiety, depression and obsessive-compulsive disorders among the pregnant women during COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Health Sciences and Medicine, 4(1), 7–12. https://doi.org/10.32322/jhsm.769006
• Kahyaoglu Sut, H., & Kucukkaya, B. (2021). Anxiety, depression, and related factors in pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic in Turkey: A web-based cross-sectional study. Perspectives in Psychiatric Care, 57(2), 860–868. https://doi.org/10.1111/ppc.12627
• Kajdy, A., Feduniw, S., Ajdacka, U., Modzelewski, J., Baranowska, B., Sys, D., Pokropek, A., Pawlicka, P., Kaźmierczak, M., Rabijewski, M., Jasiak, H., Lewandowska, R., Borowski, D., Kwiatkowski, S., & Poon, L. C. (2020). Risk factors for anxiety and depression among pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic: A web-based cross-sectional survey. Medicine, 99(30), e21279. https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000021279
• Kilic, F., & Turen Demir, E. (2020). Determination of theanxiety level in pregnant women who administer to the obstetrics clinic within the COVID-19 pandemia pPeriod. Selcuk Tip Dergisi, 4(36), 352–356. https://doi.org/10.30733/std.2020.01468
• Lee, D. T. S., Sahota, D., Leung, T. N., Yip, A. S. K., Lee, F. F. Y., & Chung, T. K. H. (2006). Psychological responses of pregnant women to an infectious outbreak: A case-control study of the 2003 SARS outbreak in Hong Kong. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 61(5), 707–713. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychores.2006.08.005
• Ma, X., Wang, Y., Hu, H., Tao, X. G., Zhang, Y., & Shi, H. (2019). The impact of resilience on prenatal anxiety and depression among pregnant women in Shanghai. Journal of Affective Disorders, 250(February), 57–64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2019.02.058
• Nonacs, R., & Cohen, L. S. (2002). Depression during pregnancy: Diagnosis and treatment options. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 63(SUPPL. 7), 24–30.
• Pfefferbaum, B., & North, C. S. (2020). Mental health and the COVID-19 pandemic. New England Journal of Medicine, 6(1), 510–512. nejm.org
• Roy, D., Tripathy, S., Kar, S. K., Sharma, N., Verma, S. K., & Kaushal, V. (2020). Study of knowledge, attitude, anxiety & perceived mental healthcare need in Indian population during COVID-19 pandemic. Asian Journal of Psychiatry, 51(April), 102083. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102083
• Sun, F., Zhu, J., Tao, H., Ma, Y., & Jin, W. (2021). A systematic review involving 11,187 participants evaluating the impact of COVID-19 on anxiety and depression in pregnant women. Journal of Psychosomatic Obstetrics and Gynecology, 42(2), 91–99. https://doi.org/10.1080/0167482X.2020.1857360
• T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı. (2020). COVID-19 genel bi̇lgi̇ler, epi̇demi̇yoloji̇ ve tanı. In Halk Sağlığı Genel Müdürlüğü (Vol. 19, Issue COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2 ENFEKSİYONU)).
• T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı. (2022). COVID-19 bilgilendirme platformu. Günlük COVID-19 Aşı Tablosu-19 Aşı Tablosu. https://covid19.saglik.gov.tr/
• Taylor, S., Landry, C. A., Paluszek, M. M., Fergus, T. A., McKay, D., & Asmundson, G. J. G. (2020). Development and initial validation of the COVID Stress Scales. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 72(April), 102232. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.janxdis.2020.102232
• Tunçel, N. T., & Süt, H. K. (2019). Gebelikte yaşanan anksiyete , depresyon ve prenatal distres düzeyinin doğum öncesi bebeğe bağlanmayaetkisi. Jinekoloji - Obstetrik ve Neonatoloji Tıp Dergisi, 16(1), 9–17.
• Uguz, F., D, M., Gezginc, K., D, M., Kayhan, F., D, M., Sar, S., D, M., Büyüköz, D., & D, M. (2010). Is pregnancy associated with mood and anxiety disorders ? A cross-sectional study. 32, 213–215. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2009.11.002 Ulusoy, M., Sahin, N. H., & Erkmen, H. (1998). Turkish version of the Beck Anxiety Inventory: Psychometric properties. Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy: An International Quarterly, 12(2), 163–172.
• Wang, J., Wang, J. X., & Yang, G. S. (2020). The psychological impact of covid-19 on chinese individuals. Yonsei Medical Journal, 61(5), 438–440. https://doi.org/10.3349/ymj.2020.61.5.438
• Wu, Y., Zhang, C., Liu, H., Duan, C., Li, C., Fan, J., Li, H., Chen, L., Xu, H., Li, X., Guo, Y., Wang, Y., Li, X., Li, J., Zhang, T., You, Y., Li, H., Yang, S., Tao, X., … Huang, H. feng. (2020). Perinatal depressive and anxiety symptoms of pregnant women during the coronavirus disease 2019 outbreak in China. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 223(2), 240.e1-240.e9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2020.05.009
• Zhu, N., Zhang, D., Wang, W., Li, X., Yang, B., Song, J., Zhao, X., Huang, B., Shi, W., Lu, R., Niu, P., Zhan, F., Ma, X., Wang, D., Xu, W., Wu, G., Gao, G. F., & Tan, W. (2020). A Novel Coronavirus from Patients with Pneumonia in China, 2019. New England Journal of Medicine, 382(8), 727–733. https://doi.org/10.1056/nejmoa2001017