Asidozdan Ölen Koyunlarda Rumen Papillalarının Taramalı Elektron Mikroskobik İncelenmesi

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 14 Sayı: 1, 89 - 93, 28.03.2025

Şükrü Hakan Atalgın

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmada koyunlarda yaygın olarak görülen rumen asidozu olgularında SEM ile rumen papillalarındaki değişimlerin gözlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Rumen asidozu koyunlarda yaygın görülen, kolay fermente olabilen karbonhidratların kontrolsüz aşırı alımı sonucu oluşan bir sorundur. Şiddetli hastalarda bir gün içinde ölüme yol açabilir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu çalışma için asidoz tanısı konulan ve kesilen koyunlardan rumen örnekleri toplandı. Örnekler altınla kaplandı ve 5-15 kV'da Jeol JVM 5000 mikroskobu kullanılarak incelendi. Bulgular: SEM bulguları asidozlu rumen bulgularında papillalarının yüzeyinde balon benzeri hücreler olduğunu gösterdi. Sağlıklı hayvanlarla karşılaştırıldığında daha fazla ölü keratinize hücre olduğu kaydedildi. Papillalarda derin hücresel hasar veya parakeratoz gözlenmedi. Ruminal epitelde ciddi bir bozulma bulunmamasına rağmen hücreler normal formlarından değişiklikler gösterdi. Çalışmada rumen asidozu nedeniyle hücresel düzeyde hücresel hasar ve anatomik değişiklikler gözlemlendi ve bulgular sunuldu. Sonuç: Genel olarak, bu çalışma rumen asidozunun koyun rumen papillalarının morfolojisi üzerindeki önemli etkisini vurgulamaktadır. Bu değişikliklerin SEM aracılığıyla izlenmesi, rumen asidozunun patofizyolojisi hakkında değerli bilgiler sağlayabilir ve koyun yetiştiriciliğinde bu yaygın hastalık için daha etkili yönetim stratejilerinin geliştirilmesine yardımcı olabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Asidos, Koyun, Rumen, Taramalı Elektron Mikroskobu

Scanning Electron Microscopic Investigation of Rumen Papillae in Sheep that Died from Acidosis

Öz

Objective: In this reseach aimed to observe changes in the rumen papillae using SEM in cases of rumen acidosis, which is prevalent among sheeps. Rumen acidosis is a common issue in sheeps, resulting from uncontrolled excessive intake of easily fermentable carbohydrates. In severe patient, it can lead to passsing away within a day. Materials and Methods: For this work, rumens were collected from sheep diagnosed with acidosis and slaughtered Samples were coated with gold and examined using a Jeol JVM 5000 microscope at 5-15 kV. Results: SEM findings revealed balloon-like cells on the surface of the rumen papillae in animals with acidosis. It was noted that there were more dead keratinized cells compared to healthy animals. No deep cellular damage or parakeratosis was observed in the papillae. Although no serious deterioration in the ruminal epithelium was found, cells exhibited alterations from their normal form. The study observed cellular damage and anatomical changes at the cellular level due to rumen acidosis, and the findings were presented. Conclusion: Overall, this study highlights the significant impact of rumen acidosis on the morphology of sheep papillae. Monitoring these changes through SEM can provide valuable insights into the pathophysiology of rumen acidosis and help in developing more effective management strategies for this common disease in sheep farming.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Acidos, Rumen, Scanning Electron Microscopy, Sheep

Kaynakça

• Ahmed, R. S., Martens, H., Muelling, C. (2013). Scanning electron microscopical and morphometrical studies on ruminal papillae of sheep fed on concentrates. Journal of Animal Research, 3(2), 111-123.
• Anderson, K., Nagaraja, T., Morrill, J. (1987). Ruminal metabolic development in calves weaned conventionally or early. Journal of Dairy Science, 70(5), 1000-1005. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(87)80105-4
• Atalgin, Ş.H., Kürtül, İ., Takçi, L. (2023). Stereomicroscopic and scanning electron microscopic observations of the forestomach mucosa of Akkaraman sheep fed with straw-concentrate diet. Veterinaria, 72(3), 302-311.
• Beauchemin, K., Eriksen, L., Nørgaard, P., Rode L. (2008). Salivary secretion during meals in lactating dairy cattle. Journal of Dairy Science, 91(5), 2077-2081. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2007-0726
• Brownlee, A. (1956). The development of rumen papillae in cattle fed on different diets. British Veterinary Journal, 112, 369-375. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2007-0726
• Dirksen, G. U., Liebich, H. G., & Mayer, E. (1985). Adaptive changes of the ruminal mucosa and their functional and clinical significance. The Bovine Practitioner, 116-120.
• Dyce, K., Sack, W., & Wensing, C. (2010). Textbook of Veterinary Anatomy 4th (Edn.). Saunders Elsevier: 71-78.
• Fanning, J. P., Hynd, P. I., & Cockcroft, P. D. (2018). The relative roles of the ruminal fluid and epithelium in the aetiology of ruminal acidosis. Small Ruminant Research, 162, 57-62. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smallrumres.2018.03.005
• Gäbel, G., Martens, H., Sündermann, M., & Galfi, P. (1987). The effect of diet, intraruminal pH and osmolarity on sodium, chloride and magnesium absorption from the temporarily isolated and washed reticulo‐rumen of sheep. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Physiology: Translation and Integration, 72(4), 501-511. https://doi.org/10.1113/expphysiol.1987.sp003092
• García, A., Masot, J., Franco, A., Gázquez, A., & Redondo, E. (2012). Histomorphometric and immunohistochemical study of the goat rumen during prenatal development. The Anatomical Record: Advances in Integrative Anatomy and Evolutionary Biology, 295(5), 776-785. https://doi.org/10.1002/ar.22431
• Hofmann, R. R. (1989). Evolutionary steps of ecophysiological adaptation and diversification of ruminants: a comparative view of their digestive system. Oecologia, 78 (4), 443-457.
• Hofmann, R. R., & Schnorr, B. (1982). Die funktionelle Morphologie des Wiederkäuer-Magens: Schleimhaut und Versorgungsbahnen. Enke
• Liu, J-h., Xu, T-t., Liu, Y-j., Zhu, W-y., & Mao, S-y. (2013). A high-grain diet causes massive disruption of ruminal epithelial tight junctions in goats. American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology, 305(3), R232-R241. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00068.2013
• Loe, W. C., Stallcup, O., & Colvin, H. (1959). Effect of various diets on the rumen development of dairy calves. Journal of Dairy Science. 395-395. Amer Dairy Science Assoc 1111 N Dunlap Ave, Savoy, IL 61874, 1959.
• Penner, G., Steele, M., Aschenbach, J., & McBride, B. (2011). Ruminant Nutrition Symposium: Molecular adaptation of ruminal epithelia to highly fermentable diets. Journal of Animal Science, 89(4), 1108-1119. https://doi.org/10.2527/jas.2010-3378
• Sander, E., Warner, R., Harrison, H., & Loosli, J. (1959). The stimulatory effect of sodium butyrate and sodium propionate on the development of rumen mucosa in the young calf. Journal of Dairy Science, 42(9), 1600-1605. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(59)90772-6
• Schnorr, B., & Vollmerhaus, B. (1967). Die Feinstruktur des Pansenepithels von Ziege und Rind (Zweite Mitteilung zur funktionellen Morphologie der Vormägen der Hauswiederkäuer). Zentralblatt für Veterinärmedizin Reihe A, 14(9), 789-818. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0442.1967.tb00278.x Scott, A., & Gardner, I. C. (1973). Papillar form in the forestomach of the sheep. Journal of Anatomy, 116 (Pt 2), 255.
• Steele, M. A., AlZahal, O., Hook, S. E., Croom, J., & McBride, B. W. (2009). Ruminal acidosis and the rapid onset of ruminal parakeratosis in a mature dairy cow: a case report. Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica, 51(1), 1-6.
• Swan, G. E., & Groenewald, H. B. (2000). Morphological changes associated with the development of the rumino-reticulum in growing lambs fed different rations. Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research, 67, 105-114.
• Tamate, H., Shiomura, Y., & Sakata, T. Scanning electron microscopic observation of the sheep ruminal mucosa at its epithelium-connective. Tohoku Journal Of Agricultural Research, 30 (2), 1979.
• Weyrauch, K., & Schnorr, B. (1979). Der Papillarkörper der vormagenschleimhaut bei schaf und ziege. Anatomia Histologia Embryologia, 8(3), 248-261. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0264.1979.tb00811.x
• Yamamoto, Y., Atoji, Y., Agungpriyono, S., & Suzuki, Y. (1998). Morphological study of the forestomach of the Japanese serow (Capricomis crispus). Anatomia Histologia Embryologia, 27(2), 73-81. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0264.1998.tb00160.x
• Yamamoto, Y., Kitamura, N., Yamada, J., Andren, A., & Yamashita, T. (1994). Morphological study of the surface structure of the omasal laminae in cattle, sheep and goats. Anatomia Histologia Embryologia, 23(2), 166-176. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0264.1994.tb00249.x
• Zitnan, R., Voigt, J., Wegner, J., Breves, G., Schröder, B., Winckler, C., Levkut, M., Kokardova, M., Schönhusen, U., & Kuhla, S. (1999). Morphological and functional development of the rumen in the calf: Influence of the time of weaning. 1. Morphological development of rumen mucosa. Archiv fur Tierernahrung, 52(4), 351-362. https://doi.org/10.1080/17450399909386173