The Adaptation of İndividuals with Coronary Heart Disease to the Mediterranean Diet, Its Relatiionship with Lipid Profile and Blood Pressure

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 14 Sayı: 1, 1 - 8, 28.03.2025

Tuğçe Yilmaz , Fatih Özbey

Öz

ABSTRACT
Objective: The aim of this study is to assess the adherence of individuals with existing coronary heart disease to the Mediterranean Diet and to evaluate its association with blood parameters. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study enrolled 66 individuals aged 30-70 with CHD from a cardiology outpatient clinic between June and September 2022. To ensure sample homogeneity, patients with comorbid conditions such as cancer, kidney disease, liver disease, and pregnant women were excluded. Participants completed a detailed survey including sociodemographic data, biochemical parameters, a Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ), and 24-hour dietary recalls. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet was assessed using the Mediterranean Diet Score (MedDietScore). Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS, employing Independent Samples T-tests, Mann-Whitney U tests, ANOVA, and correlation analyses. Results: The mean Mediterranean Diet Score was 32.5 ± 5.7, indicating moderate adherence. Significant differences were observed in LDL cholesterol and triglyceride levels across different adherence levels (p= 0.006 and 0.02 respectively), with higher Mediterranean Diet Scores correlating with lower levels of these lipids. Additionally, a moderately positive correlation was found between diet scores and systolic blood pressure. Conclusion: Moderate adherence to the Mediterranean diet correlates with improved lipid profiles in CHD patients. These findings support the promotion of the Mediterranean diet for cardiovascular health. However, further studies are needed to validate these findings, particularly through randomized controlled trials focusing on the long-term effects of Mediterranean diet adherence on lipid metabolism, inflammatory markers, and endothelial function.
Keywords: Coronary Heart Disease, Mediterranean Diet, Lipid Profile, Blood Pressure.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Coronary Heart Disease, Mediterranean Diet, Lipid Profile, Blood Pressure

Etik Beyan

This study was approved by the University of Health Sciences, Hamidiye Scientific Research Ethics Committee (ref: 2022/14)

Teşekkür

We would like to thank our volunteers who participated in our study for their valuable participation. We also thank the management of Bursa Private Aritmi Osmangazi Hospital for allowing us to do the study. And we would also like to thank Associate Professor Kerem Can Yılmaz, a cardiology doctor who helped with patient referral.

Koroner Kalp Hastalığı Olan Bireylerin Akdeniz Diyetine Uyumu, Lipit Profili ve Kan Basıncı ile İlişkisi

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, mevcut koroner kalp hastalığı olan bireylerin Akdeniz Diyetine uyumunu değerlendirmek ve bu uyumun kan parametreleri ile olan ilişkisini incelemektir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu kesitsel çalışmaya, Haziran-Eylül 2022 tarihleri arasında bir kardiyoloji polikliniğinden 30-70 yaş aralığında, KKH tanısı almış 66 birey dahil edilmiştir. Örnek homojenliğini sağlamak için kanser, böbrek hastalığı, karaciğer hastalığı gibi eşlik eden hastalıkları olan hastalar ve hamile kadınlar hariç tutulmuştur. Katılımcılar, sosyodemografik veriler, biyokimyasal parametreler, Besin Tüketim Sıklığı Anketi ve 24 saatlik diyet hatırlatmalarını içeren ayrıntılı bir anket doldurmuşlardır. Akdeniz diyetine uyum, Akdeniz Diyeti Skoru (MedDietScore) kullanılarak değerlendirilmiştir. İstatistiksel analizler SPSS programı kullanılarak, Bağımsız Örneklem T-testi, Mann-Whitney U testi, ANOVA ve korelasyon analizleri ile yapılmıştır. Bulgular: Ortalama Akdeniz Diyeti Skoru 32.5 ± 5.7 olup, orta düzeyde uyumu göstermektedir. Farklı uyum seviyeleri arasında LDL kolesterol ve trigliserid seviyelerinde anlamlı farklılıklar gözlenmiş olup (sırasıyla p= 0.006 ve 0.02), daha yüksek Akdeniz Diyeti Skorlarının bu lipitlerin daha düşük seviyeleri ile ilişkili olduğu bulunmuştur. Ayrıca, diyet skorları ile sistolik kan basıncı arasında orta düzeyde pozitif bir korelasyon bulunmuştur. Sonuç: Akdeniz diyetine orta düzeyde uyum, KKH hastalarında iyileştirilmiş lipit profilleri ile ilişkilidir. Bu bulgular, kardiyovasküler sağlık için Akdeniz diyetinin teşvik edilmesini desteklemektedir. Ancak, bu bulguları doğrulamak için, özellikle Akdeniz diyetine uyumun lipid metabolizması, inflamatuar belirteçler ve endotel fonksiyonu üzerindeki uzun vadeli etkilerine odaklanan randomize kontrollü çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Koroner Kalp Hastalığı, Akdeniz Diyeti, Lipit Profili, Kan Basıncı.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Koroner Kalp Hastalığı, Akdeniz Diyeti, Lipit Profili, Kan Basıncı.

Kaynakça

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