1996-2018 Yılları Arasında Orman Ekosistemi Fonksiyonlarındaki Mekansal-Zamansal Değişimlerin Karşılaştırılması: Türkiye'den Bir Örnek Çalışma

Öz

Bu çalışmada, 1996, 2009 ve 2018 planlama dönemlerinde, orman ekosistemi değerlerinde (ekonomik, ekolojik ve sosyo-kültürel işlevler) zamansal olarak meydana gelen değişimlerin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla planlama dönemlerine ait orman ekosistemi değerlerinde meydana gelen değişikliklerin belirlenmesi için orman amenajman planları ve meşcere tipi haritaları kullanılmıştır. Orman ekosistemi fonksiyonlarındaki zamansal değişimler, üç temel fonksiyon olan ekonomik, ekolojik ve sosyo-kültürel fonksiyonlar açısından ele alınmıştır. Birbirini takip eden planlama dönemlerinde ekonomik amaçlı alan miktarında azalma olmuştur. Planlama dönemlerinde ekonomik fonksiyonlu alanlarda genel bir azalma, ekolojik fonksiyonlu alanlarda ise genel bir artış tespit edilmiştir. 1996 planlama döneminde sosyo-kültürel fonksiyonlu alan bulunmazken, 2009 planlama döneminde 1631 ha, 2018 planlama döneminde ise 1575 ha alan bulunmaktadır. Toplumun talepleri ve orman amenajman planlama yaklaşımlarında zamanla meydana gelen değişikliklerle birlikte orman fonksiyonlarında da değişiklikler meydana gelmiştir. Bu değişimlere bağlı olarak üretim ormanlarında azalma, üretim dışı ormanlarda ise (ekolojik ve sosyo-kültürel) artışlar gözlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Orman ekosistem fonksiyonları
• planlama yaklaşımı
• fonksiyonel planlama
• milli park

Comparison of Spatio-Temporal Changes in Forest Ecosystem Functions from 1996 to 2018: A Case Study from Türkiye

Öz

The objective of this study was to determine the temporal changes in forest ecosystem values (economic, ecological, and socio-cultural functions) for the 1996, 2009 and 2018 planning periods. For this purpose, forest management plans and forest cover type maps were used to reveal the changes in forest ecosystem values for the planning periods. Temporal changes in forest ecosystem functions were discussed in terms of economic, ecological and socio-cultural functions which are three essential functions. There has been a decrease in the amount of area for economic purposes in the region in the following planning periods. A general decrease in areas for economic purposes and a general increase in areas for ecological purposes were determined during the planning periods. While there was not any area for socio-cultural purposes in the 1996 planning period, there was an area of 1631 ha in the 2009 planning period and 1575 ha in the 2018 planning period. Demands of the society and the changes in forest management planning approaches over time, changes have occurred in forest functions. Depending on these changes, decreased in production forests and increases in non-production forests (ecological and socio-cultural) were observed.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Forest ecosystem functions
• planning approach
• functional planning
• national park

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