Plant Nutrients: Sources, Functions, Deficiencies and Redundancy

Öz

Plant nutrients are one of the comprehensive and important issues in the soil chemistry. Like other living things, plants need various nutrients in different proportions to maintain their lives. Plants can absorb at least 90 different nutrients from air, water and soil. Some of these elements are needed for growth and development, the others are beneficial elements for stimulating growth and development. Therefore, it can be said that from 16 up to 20 elements are requisite for plant growth and development whereas the others are beneficial elements. Each of the plant nutrients assists different plant functions which support plant growth and development. Therefore, elements are divided into two groups based on their amount in the plant; macro and micro nutrients. Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, potassium, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, and sulfur are known as macro nutrients. In a group of micro nutrients are iron, chlorine, copper, manganese, zinc, molybdenum, boron and nickel.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Plant
• Carbon
• Nitrogen
• Plant nutrients
• Macro elements
• Micro elements

Bitki Besin Elementleri: Kaynakları, İşlevleri, Eksik ve Fazlalıkları

Öz

Bitki besin elementleri toprak kimyasının en geniş ve önemli konularından birini oluşturmaktadır. Bitkiler de diğer canlılar gibi yaşamlarını sürdürebilmek için farklı oranlarda çeşitli bitki besin elementlerine ihtiyaç duymaktadır. Bitkiler en azından 90 farklı elementi havadan, sudan ve topraktan absorbe etmektedir. Bu elementlerden bir kısmı bitkinin büyüyebilmesi ve gelişebilmesi için zorunlu olarak ihtiyaç duyduğu elementlerdir, bir kısmı ise bitkinin büyüme ve gelişmesinde faydalı olan elementlerdir. Bu açıdan değerlendirildiğinde 16 ile 20 arasında değişen elementin bitkinin büyüme ve gelişmesinde zorunlu diğerlerinin ise faydalı element olduğu söylenebilir. Her bir besin elementi bitkinin büyüme ve gelişmesini sağlayan farklı bitki fonksiyonlarına yardımcı olmaktadır. Bu yüzden elementler, bitkilerdeki miktarlarına göre genel olarak “makro” ve “mikro” bitki besin elementleri olarak ikiye ayrılmaktadır. Karbon, hidrojen, oksijen, azot, potasyum kalsiyum, fosfor, magnezyum ve kükürt makro besin elementi olarak bilinmektedir. Mikro besin elementleri ise demir, klor, bakır, mangan, çinko, molibden, bor ve nikel’dir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Bitki
• Karbon
• Azot
• Bitki besin elementleri
• Makro elementler
• Mikro elementler.

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