Farklı Yaşlardaki Kazdağı Göknar Meşçerelerinde (Abies nordmanniana subsp. equi-trojani (Steven) Spach) Toprak Organik Karbon ve Azot Stoklarındaki Değişimin Belirlenmesi

Öz

Orman ekosistemlerindeki karbonun çoğu toprak yüzeyi ölü örtüsünde ve toprakta depolanır. Toprak organik karbon (TOK), toplam azot (TA) stokları oldukça değişkendir. Özellikle orman karbon stokları ve havuzu orman yaşına göre değişir ve orman yaşına bağlı olarak genellikle bölgesel veya ulusal karbon envanterleri için tahmin edilebilmektedir. Bu nedenle, meşcere yaşının karbon ve azot stokları üzerindeki etkisinin, ağaç türü dağılımı üzerindeki miktarının belirlenmesi son derece önemlidir. Bu çalışmada, Kastamonu ilinin kuzeybatısı (Ilgaz) ve kuzeydoğusunda (İnebolu) yaygın olan Kazdağı göknarın (Abies nordmanniana subsp. equi-trojani (Steven) Spach) ölü örtü miktarı, toprak organik karbon (TOK) ve toplam azot (TA) stokları üzerinde meşcere yaşının etkisi araştırılmıştır. Meşceredeki ağaçların ortalama yaşları 38, 57, 60, 66, 90, 100, 183, 250, 283 ve 306 olan saf göknar meşcerelerinin her birinde üç tekrarlı deneme alanında çalışılmıştır. Sonuçlar, farklı meşcere yaşları arasında ölü örtü miktarı, TOK ve TA stokları arasında önemli farklılıklar olduğunu göstermiştir. 100 yaşından büyük göknar meşcerelerinin, genç göknar meşcerelerinden daha fazla ölü örtüye sahip olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Ölü örtü miktarı en yüksek 306 yaşındaki göknar (30.3 ton/ha), en düşük 100 yaşındaki göknar meşcerelerinde (3.95 ton/ha) belirlenmiştir. 0-30 cm derinlikte, 38 yaşındaki göknar meşceresi ile en yüksek TOK stokuna (166.7 ton/ha) sahip 57 yaşındaki göknar meşceresi hariç, 100 yaş ve üzerindeki göknar meşcerelerinde TOK ve TA stoku, daha genç olanlardan daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Sonuçlar, göknar meşcerelerinin ölü örtü miktarı, TOK ve TA stokları üzerinde meşcere yaşının önemli olduğunu göstermiş olup ilgili araştırmalarda meşcere yaşı dikkate alınmalıdır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Karbon ve azot depolaması
• doğal orman
• meşcere yaşı
• toprak derinliği
• Kastamonu

Determination of Changes in Soil Organic Carbon and Total Nitrogen Stocks under Different Stand Age of Kazdağı Fir (Abies nordmanniana subsp. equi-trojani (Steven) Spach)

Öz

Most of the carbon in forest ecosystems is stored in the forest litter and in the soil. Soil organic carbon (SOC) and total nitrogen (TN) stocks are, however, highly variable. Forest carbon stocks and fluxes vary with forest age, and relationships with forest age are often used to estimate fluxes for regional or national carbon inventories. Therefore, it is extremely important to determine the effect of stand age on SOC and TN stocks and the amount of tree species on the distribution. The objective of this study was to estimate SOC and TN stocks of Kazdağı fir (A. nordmanniana subsp. equi-trojani (Steven) Spach) in the northwest (Ilgaz) and northeast (Inebolu) of Kastamonu. Three sites of fir stand, aged 38, 57, 60, 66, 90, 100, 183, 250, 283 and 306 years were selected in pure fir forests. The results showed significant differences in the amounts of forest litter, SOC and TN stocks among the different stand ages. Kazdağı fir stands older than 100 years had much higher forest litter than the younger fir stands. The highest amount of forest litter was under the 306 years old fir stands (30.3 Mg ha-1) while the lowest amount of forest litter was under the 100 years old fir stands (3.95 Mg ha-1). When 0-30 cm soil depth was considered, the fir stands aged 100 and over generally showed higher SOC stocks than the fir stands younger than 100 years old, with the exception of 38 and 57 years old fir stands which had the highest SOC (166.7 Mg C ha-1). Similarly, for TN stocks, it was also seen that the fir stands aged 100 or over had higher TN stocks than the fir stands younger than 100 years old. Our results have indicated that the forest litter, SOC and TN stocks of fir stands are more dependent on stand age. Our results have indicated that the forest litter, SOC and TN stocks of fir stands are more dependent on stand age.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Carbon and nitrogen sequestration
• natural forest
• stand age
• soil depth
• Kastamonu

Kaynakça

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