THE ROLE of WETLANDS in WATERSHED SYSTEM

Yıl 2004, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 6, 117 - 126, 01.06.2004

Selma Yaşar Korkanç

Öz

Watersheds are product systems which have natural and humanity inputs and outputs. Wetlands are known to be the most productive ecosystems and transitional areas between terresterial and aquatic systems in a watershed system. Wetlands are ecosystems which consist of physical, chemical, and biological elements such as soil, water, plant and animal species, and nutrients. Wetlands perform a variety of biogeochemical functions, including sediment deposition, nitrogen and phosphorus removal, and transformation of inorganic nutrients to organic forms. Because of this important functions and values wetlands play very important roles upon watershed hydrology and water quality as a component of watersheds. Wetlands functions related to water quality is governed by climate, geomorphology and the source of water to the wetlands. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the role of wetlands as a component of watershed and to discuss the importance of watershed management approach providing sustainibility of this ecosystems.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Wetlands, watershed, wetlands functions

SULAK ALANLARIN HAVZA SİSTEMİ İÇİNDEKİ YERİ

Öz

Yağış havzaları doğal ve insani girdi ve çıktıları olan üretim sistemleridir. Sulak alanlar ise bu sistem içerisinde karasal ve sucul ekosistemler arasında geçişi sağlayan doğadaki en verimli ekosistemlerden biri olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadırlar. Sulak alanlar toprak, su, bitki, hayvan türleri ve besin maddeleri gibi fiziksel, kimyasal ve biyolojik elementlerden oluşan ekosistemlerdir. Bu alanlar sediment depolama, azot ve fosforu sistemden uzaklaştırma ve inorganik formdaki besin elementlerini, organik forma dönüştürme gibi çok önemli birçok biyojeokimyasal özelliklere sahiptirler. Bu özelliklerinden kaynaklanan birçok işlevlerinden dolayı sulak alanlar, havza sistemi içerisinde, havza hidrolojisi ve su kalitesi üzerinde önemli rol oynamaktadır. Sulak alanların özellikle su kalitesiyle ilgili işlevleri, iklim, jeomorfoloji ve sulak alandaki suyun kaynağı gibi faktörler tarafından etkilenmektedir. Bu çalışmada sulak alanların önemli bir havza bileşeni olarak sistem içerisindeki yeri ve işlevleri irdelenmiş ve bu ekosistemlerin devamlılığının sağlanmasında havza amenajmanı yaklaşımının önemi tartışılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Sulak alan, havza, sulak alan işlevleri

Kaynakça

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