Geographic Distribution, Lifecycle and Damage of Cydalima perspectalis (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae, Spilomelinae) in Turkey

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 21 Sayı: 3, 833 - 847, 15.12.2019

Azize Toper Kaygın , Cansın Taşdeler

https://doi.org/10.24011/barofd.578294

Cited By: 9

Öz

Cydalima perspectalis (Walker), a species belongs to the Crambidae family of Lepidoptera
order, is a primary pest on boxwood.  The
damage is caused by caterpillars. They feed on the leaves and reduce
photosynthesis, eat the bark of the shoots, damage the cambium layer and dry up
the shoots, branches and twigs of Buxus sp.   An exotic species for our country, box-tree
moth was first seen in parks and gardens in Sarıyer İstanbul in 2011; and then
in Düzce and Artvin in 2015 and in Bartın in 2016. As of this year, its distribution in Western Black Sea Region continued
rapidly. This study was carried out to determine life cycle, areas of
distribution and the condition of the box-trees in the areas it exists. It is seen that the invasive insect caused
serious damage in Marmara and whole Black Sea Regions where box-tree exists and
dried out a significant area of box-tree forests. In addition, it arrived in
Central Anatolia Region, and damaged on box-trees in parks and landscape areas
in Ankara, Niğde and Kırşehir in 2017-2018.  It was observed the biological periods of C. perspectalis and for the first time, it
was found that this species had three generations in a year. It was also
recorded for the first time in this study that the larvae showed cannibalism
behaviour and eat the pupae of own species. It should be considered that in case this
insect reaches out to the box-trees in the southern regions of Turkey, there is
a possibility that its number of generations within a year will increase due to
convenient ecological conditions.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Box-tree moth, Buxus sp., damage, distribution, generation, cannibalism, Turkey

Cydalima perspectalis (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae, Spilomelinae)’in Türkiye’de Coğrafi Yayılışı, Yaşam Döngüsü Ve Zararı

Öz

Cydalima perspectalis (Walker), Lepidoptera takımına bağlı Crambidae
familyasından bir tür olup şimşir üzerinde primer zararlıdır. Zararı tırtıllar
yapmaktadır. Yaprakları yiyerek bitkinin fotosentez yapmasını engellemekte,
sürgünlerin kabuklarını kemirmekte, kambiyum tabakasına zarar vermekte ve
böylece şimşir sürgünlerini, dallarını kurutabilmektedirler. Ülkemiz için egzotik
bir tür olan şimşir güvesi ilk kez 2011 yılında İstanbul’da Sarıyer’deki park
ve bahçelerde; 2015 yılında Düzce’de ve Artvin’de, 2016 yılında ise Bartın’da
varlığı tespit edilmiştir. Bu yıldan itibaren Batı Karadeniz Bölgesindeki
yayılışı hızla devam etmiştir. Böceğin yaşam döngüsü, yayılış alanları ve bu
alanlarda şimşir türlerinin durumunu tespit etmek amacıyla bu araştırma
yapılmıştır. Bu istilacı
böceğin Şimşir türünün bulunduğu tüm Karadeniz ve Marmara Bölgelerinde şiddetli
zarar yaptığı, şimşir alanlarının önemli bir kısmını kuruttuğu görülmüştür.
Ayrıca İç Anadolu Bölgesine geçerek 2017-2018 yıllarında Ankara, Niğde ve
Kırşehir’de peyzaj alanlarında ve parklardaki şimşirlerde zarar yaparak
yayılışını sürdürmüştür. Bu araştırma ile C.
perspectalis’in biyolojik
dönemleri takip edilerek yılda üç
generasyon verdiği ilk kez tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca larvalarının kanibalizm
davranışı göstererek pupaları yediği ilk kez bu araştırma ile kayıt altına
alınmıştır. Böceğin Türkiye’nin güney bölgelerdeki şimşir alanlarına ulaşması
durumunda uygun ekolojik koşullara binaen yıl içindeki generasyon sayısının
artacağı ihtimali dikkate alınmalıdır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Şimşir güvesi, Buxus sp., zarar, yayılış, nesil, kanibalizm, Türkiye

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