Politics and Virtue in Hume

Yıl 2008, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 17, 109 - 127, 01.05.2008

Zeynel Kılınç

https://doi.org/10.11616/AbantSbe.222

Öz

David Hume?la ilgili literatürde toplumsal düzen ve istikrarın sağlanması konusunda Hume?un erdemli bir vatandaG topluluğundan daha çok kurumlar ve yasalara dayandığına dair yaygın bir görüG vardır. Bu tez kısmen Hume?un klasik cumhuriyetçi teorinin erdem görüGünü reddetmesine dayanır. Klasik cumhuriyetçilik hem kurumları hem de erdemli bir vatandaG topluluğunu sağlıklı bir siyaset için gerekli görür. Hume klasik erdemlerin modern toplum açısından gayri insani, eski ve uygulanamaz olduğunu ileri sürse de, bu durum bizi Hume?un siyaset teorisinin erdem kavramını bütünüyle reddettiği sonucuna götürmemelidir. Hume modern dönem için daha uygun olduğunu düGündüğü yeni bir erdemler listesi ve vatandaGlık vizyonu sunar. Hume?un siyaset teorisinin kapsamlı bir analizi, onun hem kurumları/yasaları hem de erdemli bir vatandaG topluluğunu sağlıklı bir siyaset için gerekli gördüğünü ortaya koyar.

Anahtar Kelimeler

David Hume, Erdem, Kurumlar, Klasik Cumhuriyetçilik, Siyaset

Politics and Virtue in Hume

Öz

It is a widely held conviction in Humean literature that, for Hume, institutions and good laws are primary in securing peace and order rather than morality or a virtuous body of citizenry in a society. This conviction partly relies on Hume?s rejection of the classical republican idea of virtue which considers institutions as well as a virtuous body of citizenry as essential for politics. Although Hume rejects the classical set of virtues as inhumane, obsolete, and impractical for the newly emerging modern society, this should not lead us to see Hume?s politics as wholly untouched by any idea of virtue. Rather, Hume advocates a new set of virtues that he thinks will suit the needs of the modern era. A comprehensive analysis of Hume?s politics would reveal that Hume considers a virtuous body of citizenry as significant as institutions and good laws in politics.

Anahtar Kelimeler

David Hume, Virtue, Institutions, Classical Republicanism, Politics

Kaynakça

• Boyd, R. (2000) Reappraising the Scottish Moralists and Civil Society, Polity, 33 (1):101-25.
• Burtt, S. (1993) The Politics of Virtue Today: A Critique and a Proposal, The American Political Science Review, 87 (2): 360-399.
• Chabot, D. (1997) At Odds with Themselves: David Hume‟s Skeptical Citizens”, Polity, 39 (3): 323-43.
• Castiglione, D. (2005) Review Article: Republicanism and its Legacy, European Journal of Political Theory, 453-465.
• Cohen, A. (2000) The Notion of Moral Progress in Hume‟s Philosophy: Does Hume Have a Theory of Moral Progress?, Hume Studies, 26 (1): 109-27.
• Conniff, J. (1997) Hume‟s Political Methodology: A Reconsideration of „That Politics May Be Reduced to a Science‟, in John Dunn and Ian Harris, (Eds.), Hume vol. I. & II., Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing Limited: 376-96.
• Davis, G. F. (2003) Philosophical Psychology and Economic Psychology in David Hume and Adam Smith, History of Political Economy, 35 (2): 269-304.
• Forbes, D. (1975) Hume‟s Philosophical Politics, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
• Frey, R. G. (1995) Virtue, Commerce, and Self-Love, Hume Studies, 21 (2): 275-87.
• Gauthier, D. (1992) Artificial Virtues and the Sensible Knave, Hume Studies, 18 (2): 401-28.
• Hume, D. (1985) Essays: Moral, Political, and Literary, Eugene Miller (Ed.), Indianapolis: Liberty Classics.
• Jones, P. (1982) Hume‟s Sentiments: Their Ciceronian and French Context, Edinburgh:
• Edinburgh University Press.
• Kohn, M. (2006) Colonialism, The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Summer,2006 edition), Edward N. Zalta (ed.). http://plato.stanford.edu/archives/sum2006/entries/colonialism
• Letwin, S. R. (1965) The Pursuit of Certainty, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
• Manzer, R. A. (1996) Hume‟s Constitutionalism and the Identity of Constitutional Democracy, The American Political Science Review, 90 (3): 488-496.
• Miller, D. (1997) Hume and Possessive Individualism, in John Dunn and Ian Haris (Eds.), Hume vol. I. & II., Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing Limited: 168-85.
• Moore, J. (1977) Hume‟s Political Science and the Classical Republican Tradition, Canadian Journal of Political Science, 10 (4): 809-39.
• Moss, L. S. (1991) Thomas Hobbes‟s Influence on David Hume: The Emergence of a Public Choice Tradition, History of Political Economy, 23 (4): 587-612.
• Phillipson, N. (1989) Hume, London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson.
• Putnam, R. D. (1993) Making Democracy Work: Civic Traditions in Modern Italy,Princeton: Princeton University Press.
• Robertson, J. (1983) The Scottish Enlightenment at the limits of the civic tradition, History of Political Thought, 4 (3): 451-82.
• Schmidt, C. M. (2003) David Hume: Reason in History, University Park: The Pennsylvania State University.
• Schuler, J. and Murray, P. (1993) Educating the Passions: Reconsidering David Hume‟s Optimistic Appraisal of Commerce, History of European Ideas, 17 (5): 589-97.
• Stewart, J. B. (1992) Opinion and Reform in Hume‟s Political Philosophy, Princeton: Princeton University Press.
• Stilz, A. B. (2003) Hume, modern patriotism, and commercial Society, History of EuropeanIdeas, 29: 15-32.
• Taylor, M. (1987) The Possibility of Cooperation, Cambridge: Cambridge Un. Press.
• Venning, C. (1991) Hume on Property, Commerce, and Empire in the Good Society: The Role of Historical Necessity, in Donald Livingston and Marie Martin, (Eds.), Hume as Philosopher of Society, Politics, and History, Rochester: University of Rochester Press: 137-150.
• Wallach, J. R. (1992) Contemporary Aristotelianism, Political Theory, 20 (4): 613-641.
• Whelan, F. G. (1985) Order and Artifice in Hume‟s Political Philosophy, Princeton: Princeton University Press.
• Wulf, S. J. (2000) The Skeptical Life in Hume‟s Political Thought, Polity, 33 (1): 77- 99.
• Zagorin, P. (2003) REPUBLICANISMS, British Journal for the History of Philosophy, 11(4): 701–714