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Recent Developments in Natural Compounds Obtained from Marine Molluscs

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 1 Sayı: 1, 42 - 54, 31.12.2019

Öz

Mollusca is the
philum which has the richest number of species after Arthrpoda. Diversity in
species number, diverse morphology and ecological niches, lack of acquired immunological
memories and the development of various defense mechanisms and a large number
of unexplored active compounds make this group a good candidate for natural
product chemistry research and new drug discovery.
Marine organisms, especially mollusca, have great
potential as they contain many secondary metabolites that have not yet been
discovered.



The aim of this study is
to examine the current literature on mollusca secondary metabolites to
complement the main gaps in our knowledge of mollusca chemistry. In this way,
by contributing to future research in the field of natural product chemistry,
it will be possible to help improve the targets.

Kaynakça

  • Avila, C. (2006). Molluscan natural products as biological models: chemical ecology, histology, and laboratory culture. Progress in Molecular and Subcellular Biology. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-30880-5_1
  • Bastos, P., Fracalossi, D. M., Chimal, M. E., Sánchez, A., & Rosas, C. (2020). Digestive enzymes and timing of digestion in Octopus vulgaris type II. Aquaculture Reports, 16, 100262. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aqrep.2019.100262
  • Benkendorff, K. (2010). Molluscan biological and chemical diversity: Secondary metabolites and medicinal resources produced by marine molluscs. Biological Reviews, 85(4), 757–775. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-185X.2010.00124.x
  • Carson, M. A., & Clarke, S. A. (2018). Bioactive compounds from marine organisms: Potential for bone growth and healing. Marine Drugs, 16(9). https://doi.org/10.3390/md16090340
  • Ciavatta, M. Letizia, Devi, P., Carbone, M., Mathieu, V., Kiss, R., Casapullo, A., & Gavagnin, M. (2016). Kahalalide F analogues from the mucous secretion of Indian sacoglossan mollusc Elysia ornata. Tetrahedron, 72(5), 625–631. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.TET.2015.12.003
  • Ciavatta, Maria Letizia, Lefranc, F., Carbone, M., Mollo, E., Gavagnin, M., Betancourt, T., … Kiss, R. (2017). Marine Mollusk-Derived Agents with Antiproliferative Activity as Promising Anticancer Agents to Overcome Chemotherapy Resistance. Medicinal Research Reviews, 37(4), 702–801. https://doi.org/10.1002/med.21423
  • Costantino, V., Fattorusso, E., Mangoni, A., Perinu, C., Cirino, G., De Gruttola, L., & Roviezzo, F. (2009). Tedanol: A potent anti-inflammatory ent-pimarane diterpene from the Caribbean Sponge Tedania ignis. Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry, 17(21), 7542–7547. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BMC.2009.09.010
  • El-Sorogy, A. S., Alharbi, T., Almadani, S., & Al-Hashim, M. (2019). Molluscan assemblage as pollution indicators in Al-Khobar coastal plain, Arabian Gulf, Saudi Arabia. Journal of African Earth Sciences, 158. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2019.103564
  • Esmaeelian, B., Benkendorff, K., Johnston, M. R., & Abbott, C. A. (2013). Purified brominated indole derivatives from dicathais orbita induce apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in colorectal cancer cell lines. Marine Drugs, 11(10), 3802–3822. https://doi.org/10.3390/md11103802
  • Etman, S. M., Elnaggar, Y. S. R., & Abdallah, O. Y. (2019). “Fucoidan, a natural biopolymer in cancer combating: From edible algae to nanocarrier tailoring.” International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, (xxxx). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.11.191
  • Ganesan, A. R., Saravana, M., Mohanram, G., Balasubramanian, B., Ho, I., Seedevi, P., … Ignacimuthu, S. (2019). Journal of King Saud University – Science Marine invertebrates ’ proteins : A recent update on functional property. Journal of King Saud University - Science, (xxxx). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jksus.2019.12.003
  • Gupta, P., Arumugam, M., Azad, R. V., Saxena, R., Ghose, S., Biswas, N. R., & Velpandian, T. (2014). Screening of antiangiogenic potential of twenty two marine invertebrate extracts of phylum Mollusca from South East Coast of India. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine, 4, S129–S138. https://doi.org/10.12980/APJTB.4.2014C701
  • Kanda, A., & Minakata, H. (2006). Isolation and characterization of a novel small cardioactive peptide-related peptide from the brain of Octopus vulgaris. Peptides, 27(7), 1755–1761. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.peptides.2005.12.006
  • Kaviarasan, T., Siva, S. R., & Yogamoorthi, A. (2012). RETRACTED: Antimicrobial secondary metabolites from marine gastropod egg capsules and egg masses. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine, 2(11), 916–922. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2221-1691(12)60253-6
  • Kimbrough, K. L., Johnson, W. E., Lauenstein, G. G., Christensen, J. D., & Apeti, D. A. (2008). An Assessment of Two Decades of Contaminant Monitoring in the Nation’s Coastal Zone. Silver Spring, MD. NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS NCCOS 74 (Vol. 105).
  • Kocatepe, D., Turan, H., Üniversitesi, S., İşletmeciliği ve Otelcilik Yüksekokulu, T., İçecek İşletmeciliği Bölümü, Y., Ürünleri Fakültesi, S., … su ürünleri, K. (2012). Su Ürünleri Alerjisi Sea Food Allergy. Mehmet Akif Ersoy Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 3(2), 46–51.
  • Kumar, A., & Jaitak, V. (2019, August 15). Natural products as multidrug resistance modulators in cancer. European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. Elsevier Masson SAS. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.05.027
  • Kumar, P., Kannan, M., ArunPrasanna, V., Vaseeharan, B., & Vijayakumar, S. (2018). Proteomics analysis of crude squid ink isolated from Sepia esculenta for their antimicrobial, antibiofilm and cytotoxic properties. Microbial Pathogenesis, 116, 345–350. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micpath.2018.01.039
  • Lopes, V. M., Rosa, R., & Costa, P. R. (2018). Presence and persistence of the amnesic shellfish poisoning toxin, domoic acid, in octopus and cuttlefish brains. Marine Environmental Research, 133(December 2017), 45–48. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marenvres.2017.12.001
  • Lv, J., Zhao, J., Yang, D., Wu, H., & Cong, M. (2019). Tissue distribution and functional characterization of mytimacin-4 in Mytilus galloprovincialis. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, 166. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jip.2019.107215
  • Nie, S. Q., Li, T. L., Jiang, W. J., Xue, B. Y., Liang, A. H., Li, G. Q., & Yang, Q. (1994). [A comparative study on anti-ulcer action of unprepared and calcined oyster shell]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi = Zhongguo Zhongyao Zazhi = China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica, 19(7), 405—7, 446.
  • Öztürk, B., Doğan, A., Bitlis-Bakir, B., & Salman, A. (2014). Marine molluscs of the Turkish coasts: An updated checklist. Turkish Journal of Zoology, 38(6), 832–879. https://doi.org/10.3906/zoo-1405-78
  • Pati, P., Sahu, B. K., & Panigrahy, R. C. (2015). Marine molluscs as a potential drug cabinet: An overview. Indian Journal of Geo-Marine Sciences, 44(7), 961–970. Pereira, R. B., Andrade, P. B., & Valentão, P. (2016). Chemical diversity and biological properties of secondary metabolites from sea hares of Aplysia genus. Marine Drugs, 14(2). https://doi.org/10.3390/md14020039
  • Periyasamy, N., Arularasan, S., & Gayathri, S. (2012). Antibacterial activity of the tissue extracts of Conus betulinus and Conus inscriptus Linnaeus, 1758 (Mollusca: Gastropoda) from Nagapattinam, Southeast coast of India. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Disease, 2, S914–S919. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2222-1808(12)60291-6
  • Prokopov, I. A., Kovaleva, E. L., Minaeva, E. D., Pryakhina, E. A., Savin, E. V., Gamayunova, A. V., … Shikov, A. N. (2019, August 10). Animal-derived medicinal products in Russia: Current nomenclature and specific aspects of quality control. Journal of Ethnopharmacology. Elsevier Ireland Ltd. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2019.111933
  • Puyana, M., Pawlik, J., Blum, J., & Fenical, W. (2015). Metabolite variability in caribbean sponges of the genus aplysina. Brazilian Journal of Pharmacognosy, 25(6), 592–599. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjp.2015.08.002
  • Rudd, D., Ronci, M., Johnston, M. R., Guinan, T., Voelcker, N. H., & Benkendorff, K. (2015). Mass spectrometry imaging reveals new biological roles for choline esters and Tyrian purple precursors in muricid molluscs. Scientific Reports, 5(March), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep13408
  • Russo, G. L., De Nisco, E., Fiore, G., Di Donato, P., D’Ischia, M., & Palumbo, A. (2003). Toxicity of melanin-free ink of Sepia officinalis to transformed cell lines: Identification of the active factor as tyrosinase. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 308(2), 293–299. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0006-291X(03)01379-2
  • Safavi-Hemami, H., Brogan, S. E., & Olivera, B. M. (2019). Pain therapeutics from cone snail venoms: From Ziconotide to novel non-opioid pathways. Journal of Proteomics, 190(January 2018), 12–20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jprot.2018.05.009
  • Sánchez, A. M., Malagarie-Cazenave, S., Olea, N., Vara, D., Cuevas, C., & Díaz-Laviada, I. (2008). Spisulosine (ES-285) induces prostate tumor PC-3 and LNCaP cell death by de novo synthesis of ceramide and PKCζ activation. European Journal of Pharmacology, 584(2–3), 237–245. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.EJPHAR.2008.02.011
  • Sousa, H., & Hinzmann, M. (2019). Review: Antibacterial components of the Bivalve’s immune system and the potential of freshwater bivalves as a source of new antibacterial compounds. Fish & Shellfish Immunology. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsi.2019.10.062
  • Valles-Regino, R., Mouatt, P., Rudd, D., Yee, L. H., & Benkendorff, K. (2016). Extraction and quantification of bioactive Tyrian purple precursors: A comparative and validation study from the hypobranchial gland of a muricid Dicathais orbita. Molecules, 21(12). https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules21121672
  • Wakimoto, T., Tan, K. C., & Abe, I. (2013). Ergot alkaloid from the sea slug Pleurobranchus forskalii. Toxicon, 72, 1–4. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxicon.2013.05.021
  • Wali, A. F., Majid, S., Rasool, S., Shehada, S. B., Abdulkareem, S. K., Firdous, A., … Rehman, M. U. (2019, September 1). Natural products against cancer: Review on phytochemicals from marine sources in preventing cancer. Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal. Elsevier B.V. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsps.2019.04.013
  • Wang, M., Wang, B., Liu, M., Jiang, K., & Wang, L. (2019). Comparative study of β-thymosin in two scallop species Argopecten irradians and Chlamys farreri. Fish and Shellfish Immunology, 86, 516–524. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsi.2018.11.050
  • Yokosaka, S., Izawa, A., Sakai, C., Sakurada, E., Morita, Y., & Nishio, Y. (2018). Synthesis and evaluation of novel dolastatin 10 derivatives for versatile conjugations. Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry, 26(8), 1643–1652. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bmc.2018.02.011

Deniz Yumuşakçalarından Elde Edilen Doğal Bileşiklere Dair Güncel Gelişmeler

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 1 Sayı: 1, 42 - 54, 31.12.2019

Öz

Mollusca
(Yumuşakça) Arthrpoda’dan sonra en zengin tür sayısına sahip filumdur. Tür
sayısındaki çeşitlilik, çok çeşitli morfolojileri ve ekolojik nişleri,
kazanılmış immünolojik hafızaları bulunmadığı için çeşitli savunma
mekanizmaları geliştirmeleri ve aydınlatılmamış çok sayıda aktif bileşiği bu
grubu doğal ürün kimyası araştırmaları ve yeni ilaç keşfi için iyi bir aday
haline getirmektedir. Deniz canlıları, özellikle yumuşakçalar, henüz
keşfedilmemiş pek çok sekonder metabolit barındırdıkları için, büyük bir
potansiyel barındırmaktadır.



Bu çalışmanın amacı,
yumuşakça kimyası bilgimizdeki ana boşlukları tamamlamak için yumuşakça sekonder
metabolitleri hakkındaki güncel literatürü incelemektir. Bu sayede, doğal ürün
kimyası alanında gelecekte yapılacak araştırmalara katkı sağlanarak, hedeflerin
iyileştirilmesine yardımcı olma imkânı doğacaktır.

Kaynakça

  • Avila, C. (2006). Molluscan natural products as biological models: chemical ecology, histology, and laboratory culture. Progress in Molecular and Subcellular Biology. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-30880-5_1
  • Bastos, P., Fracalossi, D. M., Chimal, M. E., Sánchez, A., & Rosas, C. (2020). Digestive enzymes and timing of digestion in Octopus vulgaris type II. Aquaculture Reports, 16, 100262. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aqrep.2019.100262
  • Benkendorff, K. (2010). Molluscan biological and chemical diversity: Secondary metabolites and medicinal resources produced by marine molluscs. Biological Reviews, 85(4), 757–775. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-185X.2010.00124.x
  • Carson, M. A., & Clarke, S. A. (2018). Bioactive compounds from marine organisms: Potential for bone growth and healing. Marine Drugs, 16(9). https://doi.org/10.3390/md16090340
  • Ciavatta, M. Letizia, Devi, P., Carbone, M., Mathieu, V., Kiss, R., Casapullo, A., & Gavagnin, M. (2016). Kahalalide F analogues from the mucous secretion of Indian sacoglossan mollusc Elysia ornata. Tetrahedron, 72(5), 625–631. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.TET.2015.12.003
  • Ciavatta, Maria Letizia, Lefranc, F., Carbone, M., Mollo, E., Gavagnin, M., Betancourt, T., … Kiss, R. (2017). Marine Mollusk-Derived Agents with Antiproliferative Activity as Promising Anticancer Agents to Overcome Chemotherapy Resistance. Medicinal Research Reviews, 37(4), 702–801. https://doi.org/10.1002/med.21423
  • Costantino, V., Fattorusso, E., Mangoni, A., Perinu, C., Cirino, G., De Gruttola, L., & Roviezzo, F. (2009). Tedanol: A potent anti-inflammatory ent-pimarane diterpene from the Caribbean Sponge Tedania ignis. Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry, 17(21), 7542–7547. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BMC.2009.09.010
  • El-Sorogy, A. S., Alharbi, T., Almadani, S., & Al-Hashim, M. (2019). Molluscan assemblage as pollution indicators in Al-Khobar coastal plain, Arabian Gulf, Saudi Arabia. Journal of African Earth Sciences, 158. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2019.103564
  • Esmaeelian, B., Benkendorff, K., Johnston, M. R., & Abbott, C. A. (2013). Purified brominated indole derivatives from dicathais orbita induce apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in colorectal cancer cell lines. Marine Drugs, 11(10), 3802–3822. https://doi.org/10.3390/md11103802
  • Etman, S. M., Elnaggar, Y. S. R., & Abdallah, O. Y. (2019). “Fucoidan, a natural biopolymer in cancer combating: From edible algae to nanocarrier tailoring.” International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, (xxxx). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.11.191
  • Ganesan, A. R., Saravana, M., Mohanram, G., Balasubramanian, B., Ho, I., Seedevi, P., … Ignacimuthu, S. (2019). Journal of King Saud University – Science Marine invertebrates ’ proteins : A recent update on functional property. Journal of King Saud University - Science, (xxxx). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jksus.2019.12.003
  • Gupta, P., Arumugam, M., Azad, R. V., Saxena, R., Ghose, S., Biswas, N. R., & Velpandian, T. (2014). Screening of antiangiogenic potential of twenty two marine invertebrate extracts of phylum Mollusca from South East Coast of India. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine, 4, S129–S138. https://doi.org/10.12980/APJTB.4.2014C701
  • Kanda, A., & Minakata, H. (2006). Isolation and characterization of a novel small cardioactive peptide-related peptide from the brain of Octopus vulgaris. Peptides, 27(7), 1755–1761. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.peptides.2005.12.006
  • Kaviarasan, T., Siva, S. R., & Yogamoorthi, A. (2012). RETRACTED: Antimicrobial secondary metabolites from marine gastropod egg capsules and egg masses. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine, 2(11), 916–922. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2221-1691(12)60253-6
  • Kimbrough, K. L., Johnson, W. E., Lauenstein, G. G., Christensen, J. D., & Apeti, D. A. (2008). An Assessment of Two Decades of Contaminant Monitoring in the Nation’s Coastal Zone. Silver Spring, MD. NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS NCCOS 74 (Vol. 105).
  • Kocatepe, D., Turan, H., Üniversitesi, S., İşletmeciliği ve Otelcilik Yüksekokulu, T., İçecek İşletmeciliği Bölümü, Y., Ürünleri Fakültesi, S., … su ürünleri, K. (2012). Su Ürünleri Alerjisi Sea Food Allergy. Mehmet Akif Ersoy Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 3(2), 46–51.
  • Kumar, A., & Jaitak, V. (2019, August 15). Natural products as multidrug resistance modulators in cancer. European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. Elsevier Masson SAS. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.05.027
  • Kumar, P., Kannan, M., ArunPrasanna, V., Vaseeharan, B., & Vijayakumar, S. (2018). Proteomics analysis of crude squid ink isolated from Sepia esculenta for their antimicrobial, antibiofilm and cytotoxic properties. Microbial Pathogenesis, 116, 345–350. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micpath.2018.01.039
  • Lopes, V. M., Rosa, R., & Costa, P. R. (2018). Presence and persistence of the amnesic shellfish poisoning toxin, domoic acid, in octopus and cuttlefish brains. Marine Environmental Research, 133(December 2017), 45–48. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marenvres.2017.12.001
  • Lv, J., Zhao, J., Yang, D., Wu, H., & Cong, M. (2019). Tissue distribution and functional characterization of mytimacin-4 in Mytilus galloprovincialis. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, 166. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jip.2019.107215
  • Nie, S. Q., Li, T. L., Jiang, W. J., Xue, B. Y., Liang, A. H., Li, G. Q., & Yang, Q. (1994). [A comparative study on anti-ulcer action of unprepared and calcined oyster shell]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi = Zhongguo Zhongyao Zazhi = China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica, 19(7), 405—7, 446.
  • Öztürk, B., Doğan, A., Bitlis-Bakir, B., & Salman, A. (2014). Marine molluscs of the Turkish coasts: An updated checklist. Turkish Journal of Zoology, 38(6), 832–879. https://doi.org/10.3906/zoo-1405-78
  • Pati, P., Sahu, B. K., & Panigrahy, R. C. (2015). Marine molluscs as a potential drug cabinet: An overview. Indian Journal of Geo-Marine Sciences, 44(7), 961–970. Pereira, R. B., Andrade, P. B., & Valentão, P. (2016). Chemical diversity and biological properties of secondary metabolites from sea hares of Aplysia genus. Marine Drugs, 14(2). https://doi.org/10.3390/md14020039
  • Periyasamy, N., Arularasan, S., & Gayathri, S. (2012). Antibacterial activity of the tissue extracts of Conus betulinus and Conus inscriptus Linnaeus, 1758 (Mollusca: Gastropoda) from Nagapattinam, Southeast coast of India. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Disease, 2, S914–S919. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2222-1808(12)60291-6
  • Prokopov, I. A., Kovaleva, E. L., Minaeva, E. D., Pryakhina, E. A., Savin, E. V., Gamayunova, A. V., … Shikov, A. N. (2019, August 10). Animal-derived medicinal products in Russia: Current nomenclature and specific aspects of quality control. Journal of Ethnopharmacology. Elsevier Ireland Ltd. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2019.111933
  • Puyana, M., Pawlik, J., Blum, J., & Fenical, W. (2015). Metabolite variability in caribbean sponges of the genus aplysina. Brazilian Journal of Pharmacognosy, 25(6), 592–599. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjp.2015.08.002
  • Rudd, D., Ronci, M., Johnston, M. R., Guinan, T., Voelcker, N. H., & Benkendorff, K. (2015). Mass spectrometry imaging reveals new biological roles for choline esters and Tyrian purple precursors in muricid molluscs. Scientific Reports, 5(March), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep13408
  • Russo, G. L., De Nisco, E., Fiore, G., Di Donato, P., D’Ischia, M., & Palumbo, A. (2003). Toxicity of melanin-free ink of Sepia officinalis to transformed cell lines: Identification of the active factor as tyrosinase. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 308(2), 293–299. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0006-291X(03)01379-2
  • Safavi-Hemami, H., Brogan, S. E., & Olivera, B. M. (2019). Pain therapeutics from cone snail venoms: From Ziconotide to novel non-opioid pathways. Journal of Proteomics, 190(January 2018), 12–20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jprot.2018.05.009
  • Sánchez, A. M., Malagarie-Cazenave, S., Olea, N., Vara, D., Cuevas, C., & Díaz-Laviada, I. (2008). Spisulosine (ES-285) induces prostate tumor PC-3 and LNCaP cell death by de novo synthesis of ceramide and PKCζ activation. European Journal of Pharmacology, 584(2–3), 237–245. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.EJPHAR.2008.02.011
  • Sousa, H., & Hinzmann, M. (2019). Review: Antibacterial components of the Bivalve’s immune system and the potential of freshwater bivalves as a source of new antibacterial compounds. Fish & Shellfish Immunology. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsi.2019.10.062
  • Valles-Regino, R., Mouatt, P., Rudd, D., Yee, L. H., & Benkendorff, K. (2016). Extraction and quantification of bioactive Tyrian purple precursors: A comparative and validation study from the hypobranchial gland of a muricid Dicathais orbita. Molecules, 21(12). https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules21121672
  • Wakimoto, T., Tan, K. C., & Abe, I. (2013). Ergot alkaloid from the sea slug Pleurobranchus forskalii. Toxicon, 72, 1–4. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxicon.2013.05.021
  • Wali, A. F., Majid, S., Rasool, S., Shehada, S. B., Abdulkareem, S. K., Firdous, A., … Rehman, M. U. (2019, September 1). Natural products against cancer: Review on phytochemicals from marine sources in preventing cancer. Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal. Elsevier B.V. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsps.2019.04.013
  • Wang, M., Wang, B., Liu, M., Jiang, K., & Wang, L. (2019). Comparative study of β-thymosin in two scallop species Argopecten irradians and Chlamys farreri. Fish and Shellfish Immunology, 86, 516–524. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsi.2018.11.050
  • Yokosaka, S., Izawa, A., Sakai, C., Sakurada, E., Morita, Y., & Nishio, Y. (2018). Synthesis and evaluation of novel dolastatin 10 derivatives for versatile conjugations. Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry, 26(8), 1643–1652. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bmc.2018.02.011
Toplam 36 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Eczacılık ve İlaç Bilimleri
Bölüm Derleme Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Tuğba Buse Avcı 0000-0002-0138-2480

Zafer Ömer Özdemir 0000-0002-8362-3136

Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Aralık 2019
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2019 Cilt: 1 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Avcı, T. B., & Özdemir, Z. Ö. (2019). Deniz Yumuşakçalarından Elde Edilen Doğal Bileşiklere Dair Güncel Gelişmeler. Bütünleyici Ve Anadolu Tıbbı Dergisi, 1(1), 42-54.

Bütünleyici ve Anadolu Tıbbı Dergisi

Journal of Integrative and Anatolian Medicine