Araştırma Makalesi
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DVD-REG® TAKVİYE EDİCİ GIDA ÜRÜNÜNÜN AKUT SUB-AKUT TOKSİSİTESİNİN SIÇANLAR ÜZERİNDE ARAŞTIRILMASI

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 1, 10 - 24, 31.12.2020

Öz

Geleneksel ve tamamlayıcı tıp alanında tıbbi olarak faydalı olduğu bilinen bitkilerin farklı oranlarda karışım olarak kullanılması oldukça yaygın bir kullanım alanı bulmuştur. İlaç üretimindeki maddi ve zamansal kısıtlamalar, tedavi yerine destekleyici bitkisel bileşenlerin kullanımı açısından önemli bir fayda sağlamaktadır. Bununla birlikte, bu bileşenleri oluştururken, bitkilerin kökeninden aktif maddeye ve kullanılabilecek doz aralığına kadar birçok alanda toksik olmayan dozu belirlemek gerekmektedir. Bu çalışmada Remember Regeneration Tedavide (RTM) kullanıldığı bilinen DVD-REG® bitkisel takviyelerinin akut ve subakut toksisite analizleri yapılmıştır. Klinik gözlem bulguları ISO 10993-11:2017 standartlarına göre değerlendirilmiş olup kontrol ve uygulama grupları arasında herhangi bir değişikliğe ratlanılmamıştır. Hematolojik ve biyokimyasal kan parametreleri 0., 1., 7. ve 14. günlerinde değerlendirilmiş kontrol ve uygulama grupları arasında herhangi bir değişiklik tespit edilmemiştir. Histolojik açıdan toksisitenin araştırıldığı karaciğer, kalp, böbrek ve dalak dokularında gruplar arasında patolojik bir bulguya rastlanılmamıştır. Bu çalışma ile Türkiye’de kullanımakta olan gıda takviyesi DVD-REG®’in akut ve subakut etkileri araştırılmış olup elde edilen veriler kronik toksisite testleri için fayda sağlayacaktır.

Kaynakça

  • Ahmed, B., Al-Howiriny, T. A., & Siddiqui, A. B. (2003). Antihepatotoxic activity of seeds of Cichorium intybus. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 87(2–3), 237–240. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0378-8741(03)00145-4
  • Akhila, J. S., Shyamjith, Deepa, & Alwar, M. C. (2007). Acute toxicity studies and determination of median lethal dose. Current Science, 93(7), 917–920.
  • Al-snafi, A. E. (2020). Constituents and pharmacology of Fumaria officinalis- A review Constituents and Pharmacology of Fumaria Officinalis - A Review, (January).
  • Angulo, P., Patel, T., Jorgensen, R. A., Therneau, T. M., & Lindor, K. D. (2000). Silymarin in the treatment of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis with a suboptimal response to ursodeoxycholic acid. Hepatology, 32(5), 897–900. https://doi.org/10.1053/jhep.2000.18663
  • Atta, A. J., Elkoly, T. A., Mouneir, S. M., Kamel, G., Alwabel, N. A., & Zaher, S. (2010). Hepatoprotective effect of methanol extracts of Zingiber officinale and Cichorium intybus. Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 72(5), 564–570. https://doi.org/10.4103/0250-474X.78521
  • Bakirel, T., Bakirel, U., Keleş, O. Ü., Ülgen, S. G., & Yardibi, H. (2008). In vivo assessment of antidiabetic and antioxidant activities of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) in alloxan-diabetic rabbits. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 116(1), 64–73. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2007.10.039
  • Berhan, M., Kassahun, D., Ermias, L., Mahlet, A., Tizazu, Z., Gezu, F., … Awol, M. (2018). Acute skin irritation, acute and sub-acute oral toxicity studies of Rosmarinus officinalis essential oils in mice and rabbit. African Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 12(26), 389–396. https://doi.org/10.5897/ajpp2018.4957
  • Bourhia, M., Laasri, F. E., Aourik, H., Boukhris, A., Ullah, R., Bari, A., … Gmouh, S. (2019). Antioxidant and Antiproliferative Activities of Bioactive Compounds Contained in Rosmarinus officinalis Used in the Mediterranean Diet. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/7623830
  • Cattaneo, L., Cicconi, R., Mignogna, G., Giorgi, A., Mattei, M., Graziani, G., … Marra, M. (2015). Anti-proliferative effect of Rosmarinus officinalis L. extract on human melanoma A375 cells. PLoS ONE, 10(7), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0132439
  • Chinedu, E., Arome, D., & Ameh, F. S. (2013). A new method for determining acute toxicity in animal models. Toxicology International, 20(3), 224–226. https://doi.org/10.4103/0971-6580.121674
  • Drew, A. K., & Myers, S. P. (1997). Safety issues in herbal medicine: Implications for the health professions. Medical Journal of Australia, 166(10), 538–541. https://doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.1997.tb123246.x
  • Ferenci, P., Dragosics, B., Dittrich, H., Frank, H., Benda, L., Lochs, H., … Schneider, B. (1989). Randomized controlled trial of silymarin treatment in patients with cirrhosis of the liver. Journal of Hepatology, 9(1), 105–113. https://doi.org/10.1016/0168-8278(89)90083-4
  • González-Vallinas, M., Reglero, G., & Ramírez De Molina, A. (2015). Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) Extract as a Potential Complementary Agent in Anticancer Therapy. Nutrition and Cancer, 67(8), 1223–1231. https://doi.org/10.1080/01635581.2015.1082110
  • I, Yu, C., Chen, R., Li, J. J., Li, J. J., Drahansky, M., … Reading, F. (2012). We are IntechOpen , the world ’ s leading publisher of Open Access books Built by scientists , for scientists TOP 1 %. Intech, i(tourism), 13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfa.2011.12.014
  • ISO. (2017). İnternational Standarts ISO 10993-11. Biological evaluation of medical devices-Part 11. Tests for systemic toxicity., 2017.
  • Kéry, Á., Blazovics, A., Fejes, S., Nagy, É., Lugasi, A., Kursinszki, L., … Szőke, E. (2001). Antioxidant activity of medicinal plants used in phytotherapy. International Journal of Horticultural Science, 7(2), 28-35.
  • Kim, M., & Shin, H. K. (1998). The water-soluble extract of chicory influences serum and liver lipid concentrations, cecal short-chain fatty acid concentrations and fecal lipid excretion in rats. The Journal of Nutrition, 128(10), 1731–1736. https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/128.10.1731
  • Klaassen, C. D. (2013). Casarett and Doull’s Toxicology and Basic Science of Poisoning. (C. D. Klaassen, Ed.) (Eight Edit). New York: Mc Graw Hill Education.
  • Krylova, S. G., Efimova, L. A., Vymiatina, Z. K., & Zueva, E. P. (n.d.). [The effect of cichorium root extract on the morphofunctional state of liver in rats with carbon tetrachloride induced hepatitis model]. Eksperimental’naia i Klinicheskaia Farmakologiia, 69(6), 34–36. Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17209462
  • Lemonica, I. P., Damasceno, D. C., & Di-Stasi, L. C. (1996). Study of the embryotoxic effects of an extract of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.). Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research, 29(2), 223–227.
  • Liju, V. B., Jeena, K., & Kuttan, R. (2013). Acute and subchronic toxicity as well as mutagenic evaluation of essential oil from turmeric (Curcuma longa L). Food and Chemical Toxicology, 53, 52–61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2012.11.027
  • Lucena, M. I., Andrade, R. J., de la Cruz, J. P., Rodriguez-Mendizabal, M., Blanco, E., & Sánchez de la Cuesta, F. (2002). Effects of silymarin MZ-80 on oxidative stress in patients with alcoholic cirrhosis. Results of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical study. International Journal of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 40(1), 2–8. https://doi.org/10.5414/cpp40002
  • Moore, J., Yousef, M., & Tsiani, E. (2016). Anticancer Effects of Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) Extract and Rosemary Extract Polyphenols. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu8110731
  • Parés, A., Planas, R., Torres, M., Caballería, J., Viver, J. M., Acero, D., … Rodés, J. (1998). Effects of silymarin in alcoholic patients with cirrhosis of the liver: Results of a controlled, double-blind, randomized and multicenter trial. Journal of Hepatology, 28(4), 615–621. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-8278(98)80285-7
  • Phua, D. H., Zosel, A., & Heard, K. (2009). Dietary supplements and herbal medicine toxicities-when to anticipate them and how to manage them. International Journal of Emergency Medicine, 2(2), 69–76. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12245-009-0105-z
  • Post-White, J., Ladas, E. J., & Kelly, K. M. (2007). Advances in the use of milk thistle (Silybum marianum). Integrative Cancer Therapies, 6(2), 104–109. https://doi.org/10.1177/1534735407301632
  • Ramadan, K. S., Khalil, O. A., Danial, E. N., Alnahdi, H. S., & Ayaz, N. O. (2013). Hypoglycemic and hepatoprotective activity of Rosmarinus officinalis extract in diabetic rats. Journal of Physiology and Biochemistry, 69(4), 779–783. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13105-013-0253-8
  • Rossetto, M., Lante, A., Vanzani, P., Spettoli, P., Scarpa, M., & Rigo, A. (2005). Red chicories as potent scavengers of highly reactive radicals: A study on their phenolic composition and peroxyl radical trapping capacity and efficiency. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 53(21), 8169–8175. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf051116n
  • S. Alnahdi, H. (2012). Effect of Rosmarinus Officinalis Extract on some Cardiac Enzymes of Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Rats. International JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCE, 2(4), 33–37. https://doi.org/10.5923/j.health.20120204.03
  • Salmi, H. A., & Sarna, S. (1982). Effect of silymarin on chemical, functional, and morphological alterations of the liver: A double-blind controlled study. Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology, 17(4), 517–521. https://doi.org/10.3109/00365528209182242
  • Shaikh Nusrat, K., & Maheshwari, D. G. (2016). An overview on- toxicity testing methods. International Journal of Pharmacy and Technology, 8(2), 3834–3849.
  • Singh, G. K., & Kumar, V. (2011). Acute and sub-chronic toxicity study of standardized extract of Fumaria indica in rodents. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 134(3), 992–995. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2011.01.045
  • Stefanovits-bányai, É., Tulok, M. H., Hegedûs, A., Renner, C., & Varga, I. S. (2003). Antioxidant effect of various rosemary ( Rosmarinus. Acta Biologica Szegediensis, 47, 111–113.
  • Tanvir, E. M., Hossen, M. S., Hossain, M. F., Afroz, R., Gan, S. H., Khalil, M. I., & Karim, N. (2017). Antioxidant properties of popular turmeric (Curcuma longa) varieties from Bangladesh. Journal of Food Quality, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/8471785
  • Tavafi, M., Ahmadvand, H., Khalatbari, A., & Tamjidipoor, A. (2011). Rosmarinic acid ameliorates diabetic nephropathy in uninephrectomized diabetic rats. Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences, 14(3), 275–283. https://doi.org/10.22038/ijbms.2011.5006
  • Tomeh, M. A., Hadianamrei, R., & Zhao, X. (2019). A review of curcumin and its derivatives as anticancer agents. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 20(5). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20051033
  • Tovar, R. T., & Petzel, R. M. (2009). Herbal Toxicity. Disease-a-Month, 55(10), 592–641. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.disamonth.2009.05.001
  • Zorofchian Moghadamtousi, S., Abdul Kadir, H., Hassandarvish, P., Tajik, H., Abubakar, S., & Zandi, K. (2014). A review on antibacterial, antiviral, and antifungal activity of curcumin. BioMed Research International, 2014. https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/186864

EFFECT OF DVD-REG® FOOD SUPPLEMENT ON ACUTE AND SUB-ACUTE TOXICITY ON RATS

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 1, 10 - 24, 31.12.2020

Öz

The use of herbs that are known to be medically useful in the field of traditional and complementary medicine has been widely used as a mixture in different proportions. Material and temporal restrictions in drug production provide a significant benefit in terms of using supportive herbal ingredients instead of treatment. However, when creating these components, it is necessary to determine the nontoxic dose in many areas, from the origin of plants to the active substance and the dose range that can be used. In this study, acute and subacute toxicity analyzes of DVD-REG® herbal supplements known to be used in Remember Regeneration Therapy Method (RTM) were performed. Clinical observation findings were evaluated according to ISO 10993-11:2017 standards and no changes were made between the control and application groups. Hematological and biochemical blood parameters were evaluated on days 0, 1, 7, and 14, and no changes were found between the control and administration groups. There was no pathological finding among the groups in liver, heart, kidney and spleen tissues where histological toxicity was investigated. In this study, which are now used in Turkey food supplement data obtained from the DVD-REG® was researched it will benefit for chronic effects of acute and subacute toxicity tests.

Kaynakça

  • Ahmed, B., Al-Howiriny, T. A., & Siddiqui, A. B. (2003). Antihepatotoxic activity of seeds of Cichorium intybus. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 87(2–3), 237–240. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0378-8741(03)00145-4
  • Akhila, J. S., Shyamjith, Deepa, & Alwar, M. C. (2007). Acute toxicity studies and determination of median lethal dose. Current Science, 93(7), 917–920.
  • Al-snafi, A. E. (2020). Constituents and pharmacology of Fumaria officinalis- A review Constituents and Pharmacology of Fumaria Officinalis - A Review, (January).
  • Angulo, P., Patel, T., Jorgensen, R. A., Therneau, T. M., & Lindor, K. D. (2000). Silymarin in the treatment of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis with a suboptimal response to ursodeoxycholic acid. Hepatology, 32(5), 897–900. https://doi.org/10.1053/jhep.2000.18663
  • Atta, A. J., Elkoly, T. A., Mouneir, S. M., Kamel, G., Alwabel, N. A., & Zaher, S. (2010). Hepatoprotective effect of methanol extracts of Zingiber officinale and Cichorium intybus. Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 72(5), 564–570. https://doi.org/10.4103/0250-474X.78521
  • Bakirel, T., Bakirel, U., Keleş, O. Ü., Ülgen, S. G., & Yardibi, H. (2008). In vivo assessment of antidiabetic and antioxidant activities of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) in alloxan-diabetic rabbits. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 116(1), 64–73. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2007.10.039
  • Berhan, M., Kassahun, D., Ermias, L., Mahlet, A., Tizazu, Z., Gezu, F., … Awol, M. (2018). Acute skin irritation, acute and sub-acute oral toxicity studies of Rosmarinus officinalis essential oils in mice and rabbit. African Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 12(26), 389–396. https://doi.org/10.5897/ajpp2018.4957
  • Bourhia, M., Laasri, F. E., Aourik, H., Boukhris, A., Ullah, R., Bari, A., … Gmouh, S. (2019). Antioxidant and Antiproliferative Activities of Bioactive Compounds Contained in Rosmarinus officinalis Used in the Mediterranean Diet. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/7623830
  • Cattaneo, L., Cicconi, R., Mignogna, G., Giorgi, A., Mattei, M., Graziani, G., … Marra, M. (2015). Anti-proliferative effect of Rosmarinus officinalis L. extract on human melanoma A375 cells. PLoS ONE, 10(7), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0132439
  • Chinedu, E., Arome, D., & Ameh, F. S. (2013). A new method for determining acute toxicity in animal models. Toxicology International, 20(3), 224–226. https://doi.org/10.4103/0971-6580.121674
  • Drew, A. K., & Myers, S. P. (1997). Safety issues in herbal medicine: Implications for the health professions. Medical Journal of Australia, 166(10), 538–541. https://doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.1997.tb123246.x
  • Ferenci, P., Dragosics, B., Dittrich, H., Frank, H., Benda, L., Lochs, H., … Schneider, B. (1989). Randomized controlled trial of silymarin treatment in patients with cirrhosis of the liver. Journal of Hepatology, 9(1), 105–113. https://doi.org/10.1016/0168-8278(89)90083-4
  • González-Vallinas, M., Reglero, G., & Ramírez De Molina, A. (2015). Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) Extract as a Potential Complementary Agent in Anticancer Therapy. Nutrition and Cancer, 67(8), 1223–1231. https://doi.org/10.1080/01635581.2015.1082110
  • I, Yu, C., Chen, R., Li, J. J., Li, J. J., Drahansky, M., … Reading, F. (2012). We are IntechOpen , the world ’ s leading publisher of Open Access books Built by scientists , for scientists TOP 1 %. Intech, i(tourism), 13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfa.2011.12.014
  • ISO. (2017). İnternational Standarts ISO 10993-11. Biological evaluation of medical devices-Part 11. Tests for systemic toxicity., 2017.
  • Kéry, Á., Blazovics, A., Fejes, S., Nagy, É., Lugasi, A., Kursinszki, L., … Szőke, E. (2001). Antioxidant activity of medicinal plants used in phytotherapy. International Journal of Horticultural Science, 7(2), 28-35.
  • Kim, M., & Shin, H. K. (1998). The water-soluble extract of chicory influences serum and liver lipid concentrations, cecal short-chain fatty acid concentrations and fecal lipid excretion in rats. The Journal of Nutrition, 128(10), 1731–1736. https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/128.10.1731
  • Klaassen, C. D. (2013). Casarett and Doull’s Toxicology and Basic Science of Poisoning. (C. D. Klaassen, Ed.) (Eight Edit). New York: Mc Graw Hill Education.
  • Krylova, S. G., Efimova, L. A., Vymiatina, Z. K., & Zueva, E. P. (n.d.). [The effect of cichorium root extract on the morphofunctional state of liver in rats with carbon tetrachloride induced hepatitis model]. Eksperimental’naia i Klinicheskaia Farmakologiia, 69(6), 34–36. Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17209462
  • Lemonica, I. P., Damasceno, D. C., & Di-Stasi, L. C. (1996). Study of the embryotoxic effects of an extract of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.). Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research, 29(2), 223–227.
  • Liju, V. B., Jeena, K., & Kuttan, R. (2013). Acute and subchronic toxicity as well as mutagenic evaluation of essential oil from turmeric (Curcuma longa L). Food and Chemical Toxicology, 53, 52–61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2012.11.027
  • Lucena, M. I., Andrade, R. J., de la Cruz, J. P., Rodriguez-Mendizabal, M., Blanco, E., & Sánchez de la Cuesta, F. (2002). Effects of silymarin MZ-80 on oxidative stress in patients with alcoholic cirrhosis. Results of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical study. International Journal of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 40(1), 2–8. https://doi.org/10.5414/cpp40002
  • Moore, J., Yousef, M., & Tsiani, E. (2016). Anticancer Effects of Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) Extract and Rosemary Extract Polyphenols. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu8110731
  • Parés, A., Planas, R., Torres, M., Caballería, J., Viver, J. M., Acero, D., … Rodés, J. (1998). Effects of silymarin in alcoholic patients with cirrhosis of the liver: Results of a controlled, double-blind, randomized and multicenter trial. Journal of Hepatology, 28(4), 615–621. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-8278(98)80285-7
  • Phua, D. H., Zosel, A., & Heard, K. (2009). Dietary supplements and herbal medicine toxicities-when to anticipate them and how to manage them. International Journal of Emergency Medicine, 2(2), 69–76. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12245-009-0105-z
  • Post-White, J., Ladas, E. J., & Kelly, K. M. (2007). Advances in the use of milk thistle (Silybum marianum). Integrative Cancer Therapies, 6(2), 104–109. https://doi.org/10.1177/1534735407301632
  • Ramadan, K. S., Khalil, O. A., Danial, E. N., Alnahdi, H. S., & Ayaz, N. O. (2013). Hypoglycemic and hepatoprotective activity of Rosmarinus officinalis extract in diabetic rats. Journal of Physiology and Biochemistry, 69(4), 779–783. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13105-013-0253-8
  • Rossetto, M., Lante, A., Vanzani, P., Spettoli, P., Scarpa, M., & Rigo, A. (2005). Red chicories as potent scavengers of highly reactive radicals: A study on their phenolic composition and peroxyl radical trapping capacity and efficiency. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 53(21), 8169–8175. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf051116n
  • S. Alnahdi, H. (2012). Effect of Rosmarinus Officinalis Extract on some Cardiac Enzymes of Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Rats. International JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCE, 2(4), 33–37. https://doi.org/10.5923/j.health.20120204.03
  • Salmi, H. A., & Sarna, S. (1982). Effect of silymarin on chemical, functional, and morphological alterations of the liver: A double-blind controlled study. Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology, 17(4), 517–521. https://doi.org/10.3109/00365528209182242
  • Shaikh Nusrat, K., & Maheshwari, D. G. (2016). An overview on- toxicity testing methods. International Journal of Pharmacy and Technology, 8(2), 3834–3849.
  • Singh, G. K., & Kumar, V. (2011). Acute and sub-chronic toxicity study of standardized extract of Fumaria indica in rodents. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 134(3), 992–995. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2011.01.045
  • Stefanovits-bányai, É., Tulok, M. H., Hegedûs, A., Renner, C., & Varga, I. S. (2003). Antioxidant effect of various rosemary ( Rosmarinus. Acta Biologica Szegediensis, 47, 111–113.
  • Tanvir, E. M., Hossen, M. S., Hossain, M. F., Afroz, R., Gan, S. H., Khalil, M. I., & Karim, N. (2017). Antioxidant properties of popular turmeric (Curcuma longa) varieties from Bangladesh. Journal of Food Quality, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/8471785
  • Tavafi, M., Ahmadvand, H., Khalatbari, A., & Tamjidipoor, A. (2011). Rosmarinic acid ameliorates diabetic nephropathy in uninephrectomized diabetic rats. Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences, 14(3), 275–283. https://doi.org/10.22038/ijbms.2011.5006
  • Tomeh, M. A., Hadianamrei, R., & Zhao, X. (2019). A review of curcumin and its derivatives as anticancer agents. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 20(5). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20051033
  • Tovar, R. T., & Petzel, R. M. (2009). Herbal Toxicity. Disease-a-Month, 55(10), 592–641. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.disamonth.2009.05.001
  • Zorofchian Moghadamtousi, S., Abdul Kadir, H., Hassandarvish, P., Tajik, H., Abubakar, S., & Zandi, K. (2014). A review on antibacterial, antiviral, and antifungal activity of curcumin. BioMed Research International, 2014. https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/186864
Toplam 38 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Klinik Tıp Bilimleri
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Mustafa Yaşar 0000-0002-3746-5042

Güliz Saraç 0000-0002-5832-7597

Nisa Sipahi 0000-0001-8915-3545

Pınar Ağyar Yoldaş 0000-0002-9277-0648

Kağan Ağan 0000-0003-1472-570X

Aydan Fülden Ağan 0000-0002-4319-6264

Neslihan Şirin 0000-0002-3470-0043

Ertuğrul Kaya 0000-0003-0081-682X

Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Aralık 2020
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2020 Cilt: 2 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Yaşar, M., Saraç, G., Sipahi, N., Ağyar Yoldaş, P., vd. (2020). EFFECT OF DVD-REG® FOOD SUPPLEMENT ON ACUTE AND SUB-ACUTE TOXICITY ON RATS. Bütünleyici Ve Anadolu Tıbbı Dergisi, 2(1), 10-24.

Bütünleyici ve Anadolu Tıbbı Dergisi

Journal of Integrative and Anatolian Medicine