Toksik organik kirleticilerin mekanokimyasal parçalanması

Yıl 2024, , 635 - 649, 15.07.2024

Volkan Pelitli

https://doi.org/10.25092/baunfbed.1329657

Öz

Günümüzde birçoğu termal ve termal olmayan bertaraf teknolojilerine ilişkin bazı yaklaşım ve yöntemler, toksik organik kirleticilerin parçalanması amacıyla önerilmektedir. Ancak hem yakma teknolojileri hem de diğer yüksek sıcaklığa sahip bertaraf teknolojileri, yetersiz yönetimlerin sebep olabileceği ikincil kirlenmeler ve sıcaklığın sabit tutulması için işletimi oldukça pahalı olan fazla miktarda enerji ve ortam gereksinimi nedeniyle uzun süre kullanıma uygun değildir. Öte yandan, biyoremediasyon ve fitoremediasyon da dahil olmak üzere farklı bertaraf teknolojileri ise, bitki ve mikrobiyal aktivitelerin kullanımıyla ilişkili dezavantaj ve kısıtlamalara sahiptir. Bu bağlamda, organik kirleticilerin zararlı etkilerini azaltmak veya ortadan kaldırmak için alternatif teknolojilere ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Son yıllarda yapılan araştırmalar, mekanokimyasal parçalanmanın organik kirleticileri parçalayarak çevreci yaklaşımla solvent kullanılmaksızın çevresel problemleri ortadan kaldıran yüksek potansiyele sahip yenilikçi bir teknoloji olduğunu göstermiştir. Bu teknoloji saha ölçeğinde çok çeşitli kirleticilere uygulanabilmektedir. Bu nedenle bu derlemede, (i) toksik organik kirleticilerin parçalanması için mekanokimyasal parçalanmanın etkinliği, kabul edilebilirliği, kullanılabilirliği ve güvenilebilirliğinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Sonuç olarak, bu derleme atık yönetiminde mekanokimya uygulamaları ve ilgili mekanizmalar hakkında yol gösterici bir kaynak olacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Toksik kirleticiler, mekanokimya, parçalanma.

Mechanochemical destruction of toxic organic pollutants

Öz

Today, several approaches and methods for the destruction of toxic organic pollutants have been proposed, most of which are thermal and athermal disposal technologies. However, incineration technologies and other high-temperature disposal systems are not suitable for long-term use. Burning at high temperatures demands more energy and rigorous conditions for temperature maintenance, making them more expensive to operate. Poor management may also lead to secondary pollution. On the other hand, athermal (non-incineration) disposal technologies, including bioremediation and phytoremediation, have disadvantages and limitations associated with the use of plant and microbial activities. In this context, there is a need for alternative technologies to mitigate or eliminate the harmful effects of organic pollutants. Recent research indicates that mechanochemical degradation is a highly promising technology for the destruction of organic pollutants. It avoids the use of solvents, making it a very eco-friendly process that eliminates potential environmental problems. This technology has the potential to be applied on a large scale to a wide variety of pollutants. Therefore, in this review, we aim to: (i) investigate the effectiveness, acceptability, usability, and safety of mechanochemistry for destruction of toxic organic pollutants. As a result, this review will be a guiding source for the mechanochemistry applications in waste management and the related mechanisms.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Toxic pollutants, mechanochemistry, destruction.

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