Yıkıcı yeniliklerin belirlenmesi: Sürdürülebilir inşaat sektöründe tehditler ve fırsatlar

Öz

Teknoloji alanındaki yenilikler günümüzde çok büyük bir hıza ulaşmış bulunmaktadır. Pazar ve müşterinin örtük ihtiyaçlarını keşfeden yeni ve küçük ölçekli başlangıç firmaları önceleri performansı daha düşük, daha basit ve kullanımı daha kolay ancak daha ucuz yeni ürünlerle pazara giriş yaparlar. Daha sonra teknolojik gelişmelerden istifadeyle kısa sürede ürünlerine hızlıca ekledikleri yeni özelliklerle ürünlerinin değer vaadini ve kalitesini yükseltirler. Böylece müşterinin satın alma miktarlarını arttırıp mevcut pazarı ele geçirirler ya da geçmişte o malı tüketmeyenlere de ürünlerini ihtiyaç haline getirerek yeni bir pazar oluştururlar. Bu yıkıcı yenilik sürecinin sonunda artık müşterilerin ihtiyaçlarını karşılayamayan yerleşik firmalar yok olmaya mahkûm olurlar. Mobil internetin yanında, bulut bilişimi, ileri robotik, nesnelerin interneti, otomatik araba sürüşü, genetik ve genom çalışmaları, enerji depolama, 3 boyutlu yazım/basım ve yeşil dalga da uzmanlar tarafından yıkıcı yenilik olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Türk inşaat sektörünün yerleşik firmaları, yakın gelecekte yasal düzenlemelerle de zorunlu olacak sürdürülebilirlik ölçütlerinin şekillendireceği örtük müşteri taleplerini bu günden keşfederek, teknolojik yol haritalarını bu doğrultuda oluşturmazlarsa, pazarı derinden etkileyecek yeşil dalganın yıkıcı etkisinden kurtulamayacaklardır. Bu çalışmada kapsamlı bir literatür taraması ışığında yıkıcı yenilik kavramının tanıtılması ve inşaat sektörü ile ilişkisinin ortaya konması amaçlanmıştır. Sürdürülebilir inşaat sektöründe yıkıcı yeniliklerin yaratacağı tehdit ve fırsatlar sıralanarak, taahhüt firmalarından, mimar, mühendis, malzeme üreticisi, enerji danışmanı, proje yöneticisi, yapı kullanıcısı ve yerel yöneticilere uzanan geniş bir yelpazedeki inşaat sektörü paydaşlarına yıkıcı yeniliklerin belirlenmesi konusunda önerilerde bulunulmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• kıcı yenilik,sürdürülebilirlik,inşaat sektörü

Determination of disruptive innovation: Threats and opportunities in sustainable construction sector

Öz

Nowadays technological innovations have reached a spectacular speed. New and small sized start-up firms enter the market by discovering the implicit needs of the market and customers, with the help of their underperformed, simpler, more practical and cheaper new products in beginning. Then they tend to corner the very same markets by increasing the customer purchasing tendency by improving the quality of their products thanks to the advantages provided by technological developments in a short span of time. Or they may also create a new market by appealing to those reluctant customers who considered similar products unattractive in the past. In the home stretch of this disruptive innovation, the incumbent firms became out of date. Apart from mobile internet, the following developments are also considered as disruptive innovations: internet of things, cloud technology, advanced robotics, autonomous car driving, genetics and genome studies, energy storage, 3D printing, and green wave. Unless the incumbent firms of construction sector in Turkey discover the implicit needs of the market and customers on the basis of sustainable criteria which will soon become compulsory via legal regulations and prepare their technological roadmaps in this direction, they will not be free from the disruptive impact of the green wave which will deeply influence the market. The aim of this study is to introduce the concept of disruptive innovation in the light of a comprehensive literature review and to examine its relation with the construction sector. Some proposals have been made as to how to specify disruptive innovations for various players in construction sector including contract companies, architects, engineers, material producers, energy advisors, project managers, building users and local administrators by listing risks and opportunities caused by disruptive innovations in sustainable construction sector.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Disruptive innovation,sustainability,construction sector

Kaynakça

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