Design and implementation of stream bridge in Northern Marmara Highway: Alemdag stream bridge

Öz

This study includes hydrologic, hydraulic and sizing calculations of Umraniye Alemdag Stream Bridge of Northern Marmara Highway that leads to Yavuz Sultan Selim Bridge.  In this paper, the data are provided from General Directorate of Meteorology.  Measurements cover the period of 66 years between 1942 and 2007.  They are recorded in Istanbul Goztepe rainfall station that has 33 meters altitude from the mean sea level.  Thus, consequences are calculated by analyses, forecasts and calculation for 66 extreme rainfall measurements.  In the first part, rainfall data trend analysis has been obtained with Şen’s approach and Mann-Kendall test.  According to analysis results, the graphics are drawn and mathematical results are calculated by weibull cumulative distribution functions and probability distribution functions in the second main step.  The third main step calculations are performed for design discharge.  Discharge is determined according to rainfall frequencies in the basin.  On the other hand, discharge capacity has been calculated by designing stream bridge that has highway on top of it.  Snyder and DSİ synthetic unit hydrograph approaches are sufficient for computations of the peak discharge in this study.  The calculation step of the discharge capacity of the channel is obtained with the Manning equation.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Northern Marmara Highway,Snyder synthetic unit hydrograph,DSİ method,Trend,Yavuz Sultan Selim Bridge

Kuzey Marmara Otoyolunda dere köprüsü tasarımı ve uygulaması: Alemdağ dere köprüsü örneği

Öz

Bu çalışma Yavuz Sultan Selim Köprüsü’ne bağlantıyı sağlayan Kuzey Marmara Otoyolu’nun Ümraniye Alemdağ dere köprüsüne ait hidrolojik, hidrolik ve boyutlandırma hesaplarını içermektedir.  Bu çalışmada kullanılan veriler Meteoroloji Genel Müdürlüğü (MGM)’nden alınmıştır.  İstanbul’un 33 m rakımlı Göztepe yağış istasyonunda yapılmış ölçümler 1942-2007 arasında 66 yılın en yüksek yağışları olarak seçilmiştir.  Üç ana adımdan müteşekkil bu uygulama çalışması için ilk aşamada yağış verilerinin trend (eğilim) analizleri gerçekleştirilmiştir.  Bunun için Şen yöntemi ve Mann-Kendall sınaması ile trend analizi çalışması ortaya koyulmuştur.  Elde edilen analiz sonuçlarına göre ikinci ana adımda olasılık ve yığışımlı (kümülatif) dağılım fonksiyonları kullanılarak ilgili grafikler ve sayısal sonuçlar hesaplanmıştır.  Üçüncü ana adımda tasarım debisi hesaplama kısmına geçilerek ilgili havzada belli tekerrür aralığında düşecek yağış değerine göre toplanacak debi belirlenmiştir.  Tasarım debisi hesaplama yöntemleri Snyder yapay birim hidrograf yaklaşımı ve DSİ yöntemi kendisinde barındırdıkları tepe (pik) debi ile bu çalışma için yeterli olmuştur.  Kanalın debi kapasitesinin hesaplaması ise klasik Manning denklemi ile yapılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Kuzey Marmara Otoyolu,Snyder yapay birim hidrograf,DSİ yöntemi,Trend,Yavuz Sultan Selim Köprüsü

Kaynakça

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