Some population parameters of the Mediterranean horse mackerel [(Trachurus mediterraneus (Steindachner, 1868)] population living in Bandırma Bay, The Sea of Marmara

Öz

A total of 1232 horse mackerel T.mediterraneus (Steindachner, 1868) were collected from Bandırma Bay, Sea of Marmara between September 2013 and December 2015 in order to evaluate some information on length-weigth frequencies, age-sex distribution and ratios, Von Bertalanffy growth equation, length-weight relationship, condition factor feeding of this species.  The population was composed of five age-classes (I-V) .Of 1232 specimens, female was of 33.87% and male % 66.13% with sex ratio as F:M=0,51: (p>0.05).  Total length and total weight of sampled fish ranged from 9.77 to 17.6 cm and 5.67 to 44.0 g., respectively.  Length-weight relationship and the von Bertalanfy growth parameter were estimated as W = 0.044L2.470, Lt=18.6[1-e0.24(t-3,3) ]), respectively.  Besides, growth performance index () of this species were determined as 4.4 for all individuals, As condition factor value was examined, it was determined that the highest value in CF reached in June.  The spawning period of T. mediterraneus  occurred between April and Eylül with a peak in July.  Absolute fecundity- total length relationship was estimated as F = 1.368xTL2.75.  It was estimated that total (Z) mortality , natural (M) mortality, and fishing (M) mortality rates were of  Z=1.36 year-1 ,M=0.33 yıl-1, F=1.03 yıl-1.  As exploitation rate was estimated as E=0.76, it can be said that the population was consumed highly.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Trachurus mediterraneus
• Bandırma Bay
• growth
• reproduction

Marmara Denizi, Bandırma Körfezi sarıkuyruk istavrit [(Trachurus mediterraneus (Steindachner, 1868)]’in bazı populasyon parametreleri

Öz

Bu çalışmada, Eylül 2013-Aralık 2015 yılları arasında Marmara Denizi balıkçılığında ekonomik yönden önemli olan sarıkuyruk istavrit populasyonunun boy ve ağırlık frekansları, boy-ağırlık ilişkisi, yaş ve eşey dağılımları, Von Bertalanffy büyüme eşitliği, kondisyon faktörü, gonadosomatik indeks, mortalite gibi bazı biyolojik özellikleri incelenmiştir. I – V yaş grupları arasındaki 1232 bireyin %33,87’ dişi, %% 66,13’ sı erkek olup, D:E=0.51:1 olarak bulunmuştur (p>0.05).  Boy- ağırlık ilişkisi ve büyüme eşitlikleri W = 0.044L2.470, Lt=18.6[1-e0.24(t-3.3) ]), =4.4 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Aylara göre kondüsyon faktörü değerleri incelendiğinde, ortalama en yüksek değere Haziran- ayında rastlandığı saptanmıştır.  T. mediterraneus populasyonunun üreme döneminin Temmuz ayında en yüksek değere ulaşarak, Nisan- Eylül ayları arasında olduğu belirlenmiştir.  Türün mutlak yumurta verimliliği-toplam boy F = 1.368xTL2.75 olarak tespit edilmiştir.  Toplam ölüm (Z), doğal ölüm, ve balıkçılıktan gelen ölüm oranı değerleri sırasıyla, Z= 1.36 yıl-1, M=0.33 yıl-1, F=1.03 yıl-1 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Sömürme oranı ise, E= 0.76 olup, populasyonun aşırı tüketildiği söylenebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Trachurus mediterraneus
• Bandırma Körfezi
• büyüme
• üreme

Kaynakça

1. Whitehead, P.J.P., Bauchot, M.L., Hureau, J.C., Nielsen, J., Tortonese, E., (Editors). Fishes of the North-Eastern Atlantic and Mediterranean,Volume I, Paris, UNESCO, 517-1007 (1986).
2. Fisher, W., Schneider, M., Bauchot, M.L., Fiches FAO d’identification des espèces pour les besoins de la pêche. Mediterranée et Mer Noire, zone de pêche 37. ONU pour l’alimentation et l’agriculture, Rome, 2: 1009–1029, (1987).
3. Artüz, L., Türkiye pelajik balıkçılığına bakış (Pelagic fisheries of Turkey). et ve balık kurumu balıkçılık araştırma merkezi raporları, 2, 38-54, (1957).
4. TÜİK. Fishery Statistics , Turkish Statistical Institute, 1-9, (2017).
5. Arneri, E., Tangerini, P., Biological data, from the ‘‘Pipeta’’ expeditions, on Trachurus mediterraneus (Steindachner) in the Adriatic Sea. CGPM Troisieme consultation technique sur l’évaluation des stocks dans l’Adriatique, Fano, Annex O: 127–130, (1983).
6. Arneri, E., Nota preliminare sulla biologia della specie del genere Trachurus (T. mediterraneus, T. trachurus, T. picturatus) in Adriatico, Nova Thalassia, 6 (suppl.), 459–464, (1984).
7. Wysokinski, A., Horse mackerel age determination using otoliths ICSEAF collection of scientific papers of international commission of South-East Atlantic fisheries, 199–203, (1985).
8. Karlou-Riga, C., Otolith morphology and age and growth of Trachurus mediterraneus (Steindachner) in the Eastern Mediterranean, Fisheries Research, 46, 69-82, (2000).

9. Koutrakis, E.T., Tsikliras, A.C., Lengthweight relationships of fishes from three northern Aegean estuarine systems (Greece), Journal of Applied Ichthyology, 19, 258-260, (2003)
10. Jardas, I., Šantić, M., Pallaoro, A., Biometric properties of Mediterranean horse mackerel Trachurus mediterraneus (Osteichthyes/ Carangidae) from the Central Adriatic Sea, Natural Croatian, 13(4), 343-355, Zagreb, (2004).
11. Demir, M., On the eggs and larvae of the Trachurus trachurus (L.) and Trachurus mediterraneus (Stdhnr) from the Sea of Marmara and the Black Sea. CIESM, 16, 317–320, (1961).
12. Akşiray, F., Türkiye deniz balıkları ve tayin anahtarı (marina fishes of Turkey and a key to species). İstanbul Üniversitesi Rektörlüğü Yayınları, İstanbul, 811, (in Turkish), (1987).
13. Şahinoğlu, B., İzmir körfezinde karagöz istavrit (Trachurus trachurus L., 1758) ve sarıkuyruk istavrit (Trachurus mediterraneus Steindachner, 1868) balıklarının biyolojik özellikleri üzerine araştırmalar, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Ege Üniversitesi., Su Ürünleri Bölümü, İzmir, 54, (1996).
14. Şahin, T., Genç, Y., Okur, H., Karadeniz'in Türkiye Sularındaki İstavrit (Trachurus mediterraneus ponticus ALIEV) Populasyonunun Gelişme ve Üreme Özelliklerinin İncelenmesi, Doğa-Turk Journal of Zoology, 23, 321-327, (1997).
15. Kayalı, E., Doğu Karadeniz’deki İstavrit (Trachurus mediterraneus, Steindchner, 1868) ve hamsi (Engraulis encrasicolus, Linneaus, 1758) balıklarının bazı populasyon parametreleri ve beslenme ekolojileri, Doktora Tezi, KTÜ, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Bal. Tekn. Müh. Anabilim Dalı, 238, Trabzon, (1998).
16. Turan, C., Stock Identification of Mediterranean horse mackerel (Trachurus mediterraneus) using morphometric and meristic characters, ICES Journal of Marine Science, 61, 774-781, (2004).
17. Kasapoğlu, N., Doğu Karadeniz’deki istavrit (Trachurus mediterraneus, Steindachner, 1868) balığının stok yapısı ve populasyon parametreleri. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Karadeniz Teknik Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 62, (2006).
18. Bostancı, D., Sarıkuyruk istavrit, Trachurus mediterraneus (Steindachner, 1868)’un otolit özellikleri ve bazı populasyon parametreleri, Fırat Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, 21 (1), 53-60, (2009).
19. Atılgan, E., Başçınar, N.S., Erbay, M., Doğu Karadeniz’deki istavrit, Trachurus mediterraneus (Steindachner, 1868)’in otolit özellikleri ve bazı populasyon parametreleri, Journal of Fisheries Sciences, 6 (2), 114-124, (2012).
20. Şahin, C., Kasapoğlu, N., Gözler, A.M., Kalaycı, F., Hacımurtazaoğlu, N., Mutlu, C., Age, growth, and gonadosomatic index (GSI) of Mediterranean horse mackerel (Trachurus mediterraneus Steindachner, 1868) in the Eastern Black Sea, Turkish Journal Zoology, 33, 157-167, (2009).
21. Chugunova N.I., Age and growth studies in fish, National Science Foundation, Washington D.C., USA.133, (1963).
22. Lagler, K.F., Freshwater fishery biology, W.M.C. Brown Company, Dubuque, IA. 421, (1966).
23. Avşar, D., Balıkçılık Biyolojisi ve Populasyon Dinamiği, Çukurova Üniv., Ders Kitabı, Nobel yayıncılık Adana, 332, (2016).
24. Sparre, P., Venama, S.C., Introduction to tropical fish stock assesment, Part I: Mannual, FAO Fish., Tech. L. Pap.Rev., 306-376, (1992).
25. Karataş, M., Balık biyolojisi araştırma yöntemleri, Nobel Yayın, Ankara, 71-86, (2005).
26. Sümbüloğlu, K., Sümbüloğlu, V., Biyoistatistik, Hatipoğlu Yayınevi, 7. Baskı, Ankara, 269, (1997]
27. Beverton, R.J., Holt, S.J., On the Dynamics of Exploited Fish Populations, Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (Great Britain), Fishery Investigations, Series 2, 19 (1957).
28. Viette, M., Giulianini, P.G., and Ferrero, E.A., Reproductive biology of scad, Trachurus mediterraneus (Teleostei, Carangidae), from the Gulf of Trieste, ICES Journal of Marine Science, 54: 267–272. (1997).
29. Karakulak, F.S., Erk, H., Bilgin, B., Length-weight relationships for 47 coastal fish species from the northern Aegean Sea, Turkey, Journal of Applied Ichthyology, 22, 274-278, (2006).
30. Petrakis, G, Stergiou, KI, Weightlength relationship for 33 species in Greek waters. Fisheries Research, 21, 465-469, (1995).
31. Santic, Mç, Jardas, Iç, Pallaoro, A., Feeding habits of Mediterranean horse mackerel, Trachurus mediterraneus (Carangidae), in the Central Adriatic Sea. Cybium, 27 (4), 247-253, (2003).
32. Yankova, M.H., Raykov, V.S., Gerdzhikov, D.B., Preteva, P.B., Growth and length-weight relationships of the horse mackerel, Trachurus mediterraneus ponticus (Aleev, 1956), off the Bulgarian Black Sea Coast. Turkish Journal of Zoology, 34, 85-92, (2010).
33. Özdemir, S., Erdem, E., Aksu, H., Birinci Özdemir, Z., Determination of catch composition and length-weight relationship of some pelagic fishes caught by pairly midwater trawl, Journal of FisheriesSciences.com. 4(4), 427- 436 (2010).
34. Pešić, A., Joksimović, A., Đurović, M., Mandić, M., Marković, O., Ikica, Z., Biological characteristic of Mediterranean horse mackerel (Trachurus Mediterraneus, Steindachner, 1868) from the Montenegrin Shelf (Southern Adriatic), Water Research and Management, 2, 3 29-33, (2012).
35. Demirel, N., Yüksek, A., Spawning Frequency of Trachurus mediterraneus (Carangidae) in the Sea of Marmara, Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 13: 441-446, (2013).
36. Yankova, M., Population Dynamics of Horse Mackerel (Trachurus mediterraneus ponticus) in the Bulgarian Black Sea Coast. ISRN, Zoology Article ID 127287, 6, (2013a).
37. Lucio, P., Biological aspects (growth and reproduction) of Mediterranean horse mackerel (Trachurus mediterraneus Steindachner 1868) in the Bay of Biscay. ICES CM 1996/H:19, 1-12. (1996).
38. Prodonov, K., Mikhailov, K., Maxim, C., Chashchin, A., Arkhipov, A., Shlyakhov, V., Ozdamar, F., Environmental Management of Fish Resources in the Black Sea and their Rational Exploitation. General Fisheries Council for the Mediterranean, FAO Studies and Reviews, 60, 100-110, (1997).
39. Raykov V., Yankova M., Growth dynamics and mortality estimation of the horse mackerel (Trachurus mediterraneus ponticus, Aleev) migrating along the Bulgarian Black Sea Coast for the period 2003 - 2005. Proceedings of first Biannual Scientific Conference “Black Sea Ecosystem and Beyond, BSK Istanbul, Turkey, 765-778, (2008)
40. Dulcic, J., Kraljevic, M., Weight-length relationship for 40 species in the eastern Adriatic Sea (Croatian waters). Fisheries Research, 28, 243-251, (1996).
41. Merella, P.A., Quetglas, Alemany, F., Carbonell, A.,. Length-weight relationship of fishes and cephalopods from the Balearic Islands (WesternbMediterranean).” Naga, ICLARM Q, 20 (3/4), 66-68, .(1997).
42. Genç, Y., Zengin, M., Engin, S., Başar, I., Tabak, A., Ceylan, B., Investigation of economic seafoods, TKB. TAGEM/IY/96/17/3/01 project report, Institute of Fisheries, Trabzon, 156, (1999).
43. Moutopoulos, D.K., Stergiou K.I., Length - weight and length - length relationships of fish species from the Aegean Sea (Greece). Journal of Applied Ichthyology, 18, 200-203, (2002).
44. Yankova, M., Length-weight relationship of horse mackerel Trachurus mediterraneus Aleev, 1956 from Bulgarian Black Sea Coast, Journal of Black Sea/Mediterranean Environment, 20, 1, 18˗24, (2014).