Polivinil alkol/CuO nanokompozit hidrojeller: kolay sentezi ve uzun-süreli kararlılığı

Öz

Bu çalışmada, polivinil alkol/CuO nanokompozit hidrojeller, fiziksel olarak çapraz bağlanma için donma-çözme prosedürü kullanılarak PVA çözeltisi içinde CuO nanopartiküllerin dağıtılması yoluyla sentezlenmiştir.  Hidrojele eklenen CuO nanopartikülerinin ortalama partikül boyutu bilyalı öğütme işleminden sonra yapılan XRD analiz sonuçlarına göre 3,51 nm olarak belirlenmiştir.  Nanokompozit hidrojellerde CuO nanopartiküllerin varlığı UV-vis spektroskopi, FESEM, EDS ve FTIR analizi ile belirlenmiştir.  Ayrıca saf hidrojelin ve PVA/CuO nanokompozit hidrojellerinin reoliojik özellikleri incelenmiştir.  Polimer yapısına CuO nanopartiküllerinin ilave edilmesi, PVA hidrojellerinin reolojik özelliklerini geliştirmiştir.  Nanokompozit hidrojellerin CuO içeriğinin, nanokompozitlerin şişme davranışı ve uzun süre kararlılığı üzerine etkisi araştırıldı.  Bu nanokompozit hidrojeller, pH 2.1' deki yüksek şişebilirliklerinden dolayı, mide pH'ları ve uzun süreli kararlılıkları nedeniyle biyomedikal uygulamalar için benzersiz özellikler göstermiştir.  Bu sonuçlara göre, CuO'nun hidrojel yapısına eklenmesi, saf PVA hidrojelinin şişme özelliklerini geliştirmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Uzun süreli kararlılık,şişme davranışı,PVA,CuO nanopartiküller,bilyalı öğütme

Polyvinyl alcohol/CuO nanocomposite hydrogels: facile synthesis and long-term stability

Öz

Within this study, Polyvinyl alcohol/CuO nanocomposite hydrogels were synthesized through dispersing CuO nanoparticles in a PVA solution, using the freeze-thawing procedure in order for physically crosslinking.  The average particle size of CuO nanoparticles which was added to the hydrogel was determined as 3.51 nm according to the XRD analysis after the ball milling process.  The presence of CuO nanoparticles in nanocomposite hydrogels was determined by UV-vis spectroscopy, FESEM, EDS, and FTIR analysis.  Also, the rheological properties of neat hydrogel and PVA/CuO nanocomposite hydrogels were examined.  The addition of CuO nanoparticles to the polymer structure develops rheological features of PVA hydrogels.  The Effect of CuO content of nanocomposite hydrogels on the swelling behavior and long term stability was investigated.  These nanocomposite hydrogels demonstrated unique properties for biomedical applications due to their high swellability at pH 2.1 as the pH values of the stomach and long term stability.  According to these results, the addition of CuO to the hydrogel structure improved the swelling characteristics of neat PVA hydrogel.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Long-term stability,swelling behavior,PVA,CuO nanoparticles,ball milled

Kaynakça

1. Mahdavinia, G.R., Soleymani, M., Sabzi, M., Azimi, H. and Atlasi, Z., Novel magnetic polyvinyl alcohol/laponite RD nanocomposite hydrogels for efficient removal of methylene blue, Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, 5, 2617-2630, (2017).
2. Yadollahi, M., Gholamali, I., Namazi, H. and Aghazadeh, M., Synthesis and characterization of antibacterial carboxymethylcellulose/CuO bio-nanocomposite hydrogels, International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 73, 109-114, (2015).
3. Dai, H., Huang, Y. and Huang, H., Eco-friendly polyvinyl alcohol/carboxymethyl cellulose hydrogels reinforced with graphene oxide and bentonite for enhanced adsorption of methylene blue, Carbohydrate Polymers, 185, 1-11, (2018).
4. Xu, J., Yuvaraja, G. and Zhang, W., Application of chitosan/poly(vinyl alcohol)/CuO (CS/PVA/CuO) beads as an adsorbent material for the removal of Pb(II) from aqueous environment, Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces, 14, 184-195, (2017).
5. Peppas, N.A. and Tennenhouse, D., Semicrystalline poly(vinyl alcohol) films and their blends with poly(acrylic acid) and poly(ethylene glycol) for drug delivery applications, Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology, 14, 4, 291-297, (2004).
6. Khan, J., Siddiq, M., Akram, B. and Ashraf, M.A., In-situ synthesis of CuO nanoparticles in P(NIPAM-co-AAA) microgel, structural characterization, catalytic and biological applications, Arabian Journal of Chemistry, an article in press, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arabjc.2017.12.018, (2018).
7. Kiran Kumar, S.R., Mamatha, G.P., Muralidhara, H.B., Anantha, M.S., Yallappa, S., Hungund, B.S. and Yogesh Kumar, K., Highly efficient multipurpose graphene oxide embedded with copper oxide nanohybrid for electrochemical sensors and biomedical applications, Journal of Science: Advanced Materials and Devices, 2, 493-500, (2017).
8. Devi, A.B., Moirangthem, D.S., Talukdar, N.C., Devi, M.D. and Singh, N.R. and Luwang, M.N., Novel synthesis and characterization of CuO nanomaterials: Biological applications, Chinese Chemical Letters, 25, 1615-1619, (2014).

9. Farhoudian, S., Yadollahi, M., and Namazi, H., Facile synthesis of antibacterial chitosan/CuO bio-nanocomposite hydrogel beads, International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 82, 837-843, (2016).
10. An, K. and Hyeon, T., Synthesis and biomedical applications of hollow nanostructures, Nano Today, 4, 359-373, (2009).
11. Candemir, D. and Boran, F., Size Controllable Synthesis and Characterization of CuO Nanostructure, Materials Science Forum, 915, 98-103, (2018).
12. Zamand, N., Pour, A.N., Housaindokht, M.R. and Izadyar, M., Size-controlled synthesis of SnO2 nanoparticles using reverse microemulsion method, Solid State Sciences, 33, 6-11, (2014).
13. Morariu, S., Bercea, M., Teodorescu, M., and Avadanei, M., Tailoring the properties of poly(vinyl alcohol)/poly(vinylpyrrolidone) hydrogels for biomedical applications, European Polymer Journal, 84, 313-325, (2016).
14. Martens, P.J., Bryant S.J. and Anseth K.S., Tailoring the degradation of hydrogels formed from multi-vinyl poly(ethylene glycol) and poly(vinyl alcohol) macromers for cartilage tissue engineering, Biomacromolecules, 4, 283-292, (2003).
15. Zhang, X., Hu, Y., Zhu, D., Xie A., and Shen Y., A novel porous CuO nanorod/rGO composite as a high stability anode material for lithium-ion batteries, Ceramics International, 42, 1833-1839, (2016).
16. Martin, J.E., Patil, A.J., Butler, M.F. and Mann, S., Guest-Molecule-Directed Assembly of Mesostructured Nanocomposite Polymer/Organoclay Hydrogels, Advanced Functional Materials, 21, 674–681, (2011).
17. Sivaraman A., Ganti, S.S., Nguyen, H.X., Birk, G., Wieber, A., Lubda, D. and Banga, A.K., Development, and evaluation of polyvinyl alcohol-based topical gel, Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology, 39, 210-216, (2017).
18. Kayaci, F. and Uyar, T., Encapsulation of vanillin/cyclodextrin inclusion complex in electrospun polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) nanowebs: Prolonged shelf-life and high-temperature stability of vanillin, Food Chemistry, 133, 641-649, (2012).
19. Shi, Y., Xiong, D., Liu, Y., Wang, N. and Zhao, X., Swelling, mechanical and friction properties of PVA/PVP hydrogels after swelling in osmotic pressure solution, Materials Science and Engineering C, 65, 172-180, (2016).
20. Park, H.-H., Ko, S.-C., Oh, G.-W., Jang, Y.-M., Kim, Y.-M., Park, W. S., Choi, I.-W. and Jung, W.-K., Characterization and biological activity of PVA hydrogel containing chitooligosaccharides conjugated with gallic acid, Carbohydrate Polymers, 198, 197-205, (2018).
21. Raut, A.R. and Murhekar, G.H., Optical and Morphological study of modified polyvinyl alcohol conjugates, International Journal of Chemical Studies, 2, 1, 19-24, (2014).
22. Felix, S., Praveen Chakkravarthy, R.B. and Grace, A.N., Microwave-assisted synthesis of copper oxide and its application in electrochemical sensing, Proceedings, International Conference on Materials Science and Technology, IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 73, 012115, (2015).
23. Dutta, B., Kar, E., Bose, N. and Mukherjee, S., Significant enhancement of the electroactive β-phase of PVDF by incorporating hydrothermally synthesized copper oxide nanoparticles, The Royal Society of Chemistry, 5, 105422-105434, (2015).
24. Mohanapriya, S., Mumjitha, M., PurnaSai, K. and Raj, V., Fabrication, and characterization of poly(vinyl alcohol)-TiO2 nanocomposite films for orthopedic applications, Journal of the mechanical behavior of biomedical materials, 63, 141-156, (2016).
25. Hussain, R., Tabassum, S., Gilani, M.A., Ahmed, E., Sharif, A., Manzoor, F., Shah, A.T., Asif, A., Sharif, F., Iqbal, F. and Siddiqi, S.A., In situ synthesis of mesoporous polyvinyl alcohol/hydroxyapatite composites for better biomedical coating adhesion, Applied Surface Science, 364, 117–123, (2016).
26. Gong, X., Tang, C.Y., Pan, L., Hao, Z. and Tsui, C.P., Characterization of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/ZnO nanocomposites prepared by a one-pot method, Composites: Part B, 60, 144–149, (2014).
27. Berdous, D. and Ferfera-Harrar, H., Green Synthesis of Nanosilver-Loaded Hydrogel Nanocomposites for Antibacterial Application, International Journal of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 10, 8, 543-550, (2016).
28. Akkaya, R. and Ulusoy, U., Preparation and Characterization of Poly(acrylamide/maleic acid)-based hydrogels Composites, Hacettepe Journal of Biology and Chemistry, 39, 4, 359-370, (2011).