Photovoltaic distributed generation units (PV-DGU): impacts on power quality, international power quality standards and power quality improvement methods for the systems with PV-DGU

Öz

In today's power systems, the use of distributed generation units has become widespread in order to improve the voltage profile, increase system reliability, reduce line losses and increase energy efficiency. Among these distributed generation units, wind turbines and photovoltaic units have limited the use of traditional energy sources such as natural gas, coal and oil in electricity generation, thus they became important options for the prevention of environmental problems such as greenhouse gas emissions and global warming. However, these distributed generation units are connected to the grid via power electronics circuits and their energy sources are non-dispatchable. Thus, they lead to various power quality problems in the power systems. In this study, firstly, the latest technological case of the photovoltaic distributed generation units (PV-DGUs) is presented. Secondly, the power quality problems caused by PV-DGUs in the power systems and the international power quality standards related with the systems containing PV-DGUs are investigated. Finally, the power quality mitigation methods have been detailed for the systems with PV-DGUs.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Photovoltaic energy,distributed generation,power quality

Fotovoltaik dağıtık üretim birimleri (FV-DÜB): güç kalitesine etkileri, uluslararası güç kalitesi standartları ve FV-DÜB barındıran dağıtım sistemleri için güç kalitesi iyileştirme yöntemleri

Öz

Günümüz güç sistemlerinde gerilim profilinin iyileştirilmesi, sistem güvenilirliğinin arttırılması, hat kayıplarının azaltılması ve enerji verimliliğinin arttırılması amaçlarıyla dağıtık üretim birimlerinin kullanımı yaygın hale gelmiştir. Bu dağıtık üretim birimlerinden, rüzgar türbinleri ve fotovoltaik birimler, elektrik üretiminde doğal gaz, kömür ve petrol gibi geleneksel enerji kaynaklarının kullanımını sınırlandırmaları, böylece sera gazı artışı ve küresel ısınma gibi çevresel sorunların önlenmesi için önemli birer seçenek haline gelmişlerdir. Ancak, bu dağıtık üretim birimleri, güç elektroniği devreleri üzerinden şebekeye bağlanmaları ve enerji kaynaklarının emre amade olmaması gibi sebeplerden dolayı; güç sistemlerinde çeşitli güç kalitesi problemlerine yol açmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, öncelikle fotovoltaik dağıtık üretim birimlerinde (FV-DÜB) teknolojik anlamda gelinen en son durum sunulmuş, daha sonra bu birimlerin güç sistemlerinde meydana getirdikleri güç kalitesi problemleri ile FV-DÜB’leri barındıran sistemler için hazırlanmış uluslararası güç kalitesi standartları irdelenmiştir. Son olarak, FV-DÜB barındıran sistemler için güç kalitesi problemlerinin iyileştirilmesinde uygulanan yöntemler tanıtılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Fotovoltaik enerji,dağıtık üretim,güç kalitesi

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