Analysis of Memcapacitor Based Low Pass Filter

Öz

Discovery of memristor (memory resistor) element, which describes the relationship between electrical charge and magnetic flux and represents a two-terminal element whose resistance changes depending on the applied voltage, formed the basis of memristive systems. By associating the capacitor and inductor elements with the memristive systems, the working area of memristive systems has been expanded and the new memory circuit elements called memcapacitor (memory capacitor) and meminductor (memory inductor) have taken their place in the literature in addition to the memristor. The characteristic behavior of the memcapacitor shows the pinched hysteretic loop in the two state variables which are described as the electrical charge and the voltage. In this study, the memcapacitor element and its emulator circuit are considered for the analysis of a low-pass filter (LPF) circuit. Thus, the performance quality of the low-pass filter circuits with standard capacitor and memcapacitor is compared. As a result of the comparison, it was concluded that the low-pass filter circuit based on memcapacitor provides relatively better filtering performance than the classical filter circuit. In addition, it has been observed that the reactive power consumed by the memcapacitor is less than the reactive power consumed by the standard capacitor, as a result of the memcapacitor drawing less current from the circuit compared to the standard capacitor. These contributions offer promising results for future electronic studies.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Memristive systems
• memcapacitor
• low pass filter
• performance comparison

Analysis of Memcapacitor Based Low Pass Filter

Öz

Elektrik yükü ile manyetik akı arasındaki ilişkiyi tanımlayan ve uygulanan gerilime bağlı olarak direnci değişen iki uçlu bir elemanı temsil eden memristör (hafızalı direnç) elemanının keşfi, memristif sistemlerin temelini oluşturmuştur. Kondansatör ve indüktör elemanlarının memristif sistemlerle ilişkilendirilmesi ile memristif sistemlerin çalışma alanı genişletilmiş ve memristöre ek olarak memkapasitör (hafızalı kondansatör) ve memindüktör (hafızalı indüktör) olarak adlandırılan yeni hafızalı devre elemanları literatürde yerini almıştır. Memkapasitörün karakteristik davranışı, elektrik yükü ve voltaj olarak tanımlanan iki durum değişkeninde sıkışmış histeretik döngü şeklinde gösterilmektedir. Bu çalışmada, bir alçak geçiren filtre (AGF) devresinin analizi için memkapasitör elemanı ve onun emülatör devresi ele alınmıştır. Böylece standart kondansatörlü ve memkapasitörlü alçak geçiren filtre devrelerinin performans kalitesi karşılaştırılmıştır. Karşılaştırma sonucunda memkapasitör tabanlı alçak geçiren filtre devresinin klasik filtre devresine göre nispeten daha iyi filtreleme performansı sağladığı sonucuna varılmıştır. Ayrıca memkapasitörün standart kondansatöre göre devreden daha az akım çekmesi sonucunda memkapasitörün tükettiği reaktif gücün standart kondansatörün tükettiği reaktif güçten daha az olduğu gözlemlenmiştir. Bu katkılar, gelecekteki elektronik çalışmalar için umut verici sonuçlar sunmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Memristif sistemler
• memkapasitör
• alçak geçiren filtre
• performans karşılaştırması.

Kaynakça

1. Arora, A., & Niranjan, V. (2017). Low power filter design using memristor, meminductor and memcapacitor. 2017 4th IEEE Uttar Pradesh Section International Conference on Electrical, Computer and Electronics, UPCON 2017, 2018-Janua(c), 113–117. https://doi.org/10.1109/UPCON.2017.8251032
2. Babacan, Y. (2018). An operational transconductance amplifier-based memcapacitor and meminductor. Istanbul University - Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, 18(1), 36–38. https://doi.org/10.5152/iujeee.2018.1806
3. Chua, L. O. (1971). Memristor—The Missing Circuit Element. IEEE Transactions on Circuit Theory, 18(5), 507–519. https://doi.org/10.1109/TCT.1971.1083337
4. Chua, L. O. & Kang, S. M. Memristive devices and systems, Proceedings of the IEEE, 64(2)2, 209-223. https://doi.org/10.1109/PROC.1976.10092.
5. Di Ventra, M., Pershin, Y. V., & Chua, L. O. (2009). Circuit elements with memory: Memristors, memcapacitors, and meminductors. In Proceedings of the IEEE (Vol. 97, Issue 10, pp. 1717–1724). https://doi.org/10.1109/JPROC.2009.2021077
6. Driscoll, T., Quinn, J., Klein, S., Kim, H. T., Kim, B. J., Pershin, Y. V., Di Ventra, M., & Basov, D. N. (2010). Memristive adaptive filters. Applied Physics Letters, 97(9), 2008–2011. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3485060
7. Fouda, M. E., & Radwan, A. G. (2012). Charge controlled memristor-less memcapacitor emulator. Electronics Letters, 48(23), 1454–1455. https://doi.org/10.1049/el.2012.3151
8. Gursul, S., & Hamamci, S. E. (2021). Investigation of Power Consumption Effect of Various Memristor Emulators on a Logic Gate. European Journal of Technique, 11(2), 200–208. https://doi.org/10.36222/ejt.931338

9. Gursul, S., & Hamamci, S. E. (2019). Comparison of Different Memristor Emulators on Low-Pass Filter Circuit Sevgi. 2019 3rd International Symposium on Multidisciplinary Studies and Innovative Technologies (ISMSIT), 1–4. http://doi.org/10.1109/ISMSIT.2019.8932838
10. Li, Y., Yang, C., Yu, Y., & Diez, F. F. (2017). Research on low pass filter based on Memristor and memcapacitor. Chinese Control Conference, CCC, 5110–5113. https://doi.org/10.23919/ChiCC.2017.8028162
11. Liu, Y., & Iu, H. H. C. (2020). Novel Floating and Grounded Memory Interface Circuits for Constructing Mem-Elements and Their Applications. IEEE Access, 8, 114761–114772. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2020.3004160
12. Pershin, Y. V., & Di Ventra, M. (2012). Neuromorphic, digital, and quantum computation with memory circuit elements. Proceedings of the IEEE, 100(6), 2071–2080. https://doi.org/10.1109/JPROC.2011.2166369
13. Prodromakis, T., Peh, B. P., Papavassiliou, C., & Toumazou, C. (2011). A versatile memristor model with nonlinear dopant kinetics. IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices, 58(9), 3099–3105. https://doi.org/10.1109/TED.2011.2158004
14. Romero, F. J., Morales, D. P., Godoy, A., Ruiz, F. G., Tienda-Luna, I. M., Ohata, A., & Rodriguez, N. (2019). Memcapacitor emulator based on the Miller effect. International Journal of Circuit Theory and Applications, 47(4), 572–579. https://doi.org/10.1002/cta.2604
15. Romero, F. J., Ohata, A., Toral-Lopez, A., Godoy, A., Morales, D. P., & Rodriguez, N. (2021). Memcapacitor and meminductor circuit emulators: A review. Electronics (Switzerland), 10(11). https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics10111225
16. Sah, M. P., Yang, C., Budhathoki, R. K., Kim, H., & Yoo, H. J. (2013). Implementation of a memcapacitor emulator with off-the-shelf devices. Elektronika Ir Elektrotechnika, 19(8), 54–58. https://doi.org/10.5755/j01.eee.19.8.2673
17. Sahin, M.E., Guler, H., Hamamci, S.E. (2020). Design and realization of a hyperchaotic memristive system for communication system on FPGA. Traitement du Signal, 37(6), 939-953. https://doi.org/10.18280/ts.370607
18. Strukov, D. B., Snider, G. S., Stewart, D. R., & Williams, R. S. (2008). The missing memristor found. Nature, 453(7191), 80–83. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature06932
19. Wang, X. Y., Fitch, A. L., Iu, H. H. C., & Qi, W. G. (2012). Design of a memcapacitor emulator based on a memristor. Physics Letters, Section A: General, Atomic and Solid State Physics, 376(4), 394–399. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physleta.2011.11.012
20. Yesil, A., & Babacan, Y. (2021). Electronically Controllable Memcapacitor Circuit with Experimental Results. IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs, 68(4), 1443–1447. https://doi.org/10.1109/TCSII.2020.3030114
21. Yin, Z., Tian, H., Chen, G., & Chua, L. O. (2015). What are memristor, memcapacitor, and meminductor? IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs, 62(4), 402–406. https://doi.org/10.1109/TCSII.2014.2387653
22. Yu, D., Zhao, X., Sun, T., Iu, H. H. C., & Fernando, T. (2020). A simple floating mutator for emulating memristor, memcapacitor, and meminductor. IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs, 67(7), 1334–1338. https://doi.org/10.1109/TCSII.2019.2936453