Dallı darının (Panicum virgatum L.) Farklı Organik Çözücü Ekstraktlarının Bazı Bitki Patojeni Funguslar Karşı Antifungal Aktiviteleri

Öz

Bu çalışma, dallı darının (Panicum virgatum L.) farklı organik çözücü (aseton, etil asetat, kloroform ve methanol ) ekstraktlarının bitki patojeni Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Ss), Alternaria solani (As), Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-lycopersici (Forl) ve Verticilium dahliae (Vd) üzerine antifungal aktivitelerini belirlemek amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Araştırmada dallı darının Nebraska orijinli Trailblazer (PI 549094) çeşidi ve Kuzey Dakota orijinli 70 SG 081 numaralı hattı (PI 642267) bitki materyali olarak kullanılmıştır. P. virgatum bitkilerinden 100’er g tartılarak, 1 litrelik cam kavanozlara konulmuştur. Bitki örneklerinin üzerini kapatacak kadar aseton, etil asetat, kloroform ve methanol organik çözücüleri ayrı ayrı kavanozlarda ilave edilerek ekstraksiyon yapılmıştır. Farklı organik çözücüler kullanılarak elde edilen ekstraktların antifungal aktiviteleri gıda zehirlenmesi metodu kullanılarak belirlenmiştir. Çalışmada ayrıca, PV1 çeşit ve PV2 hattan elde edilen ekstraktların doz-etki denemeleri ile LC10, LC50 ve LC 90 etkili dozları hesaplanmıştır. Genel olarak PV1 ve PV2 ekstraktlarına en hassas patojenin Ss olduğu, bunu Vd, Forl ve As’nin izlediği belirlenmiştir. Doz etki sonuçlarına göre PV1’de en düşük LC değeri Vd’ya karşı aseton ekstraktında 0.66 mg/mL olarak belirlenmiştir. PV2’nin farklı organik ekstraktları içerisinde ise en düşük LC50 değeri 0.48 mg/ml olarak methanol ekstraktı ile Ss’a karşı belirlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Antifungal aktivite
• Bitki ekstraktı
• Bitki patojenleri
• Panicum virgatum
• Öldürücü konsantrasyon
• : Antifungal activities
• Plant extract
• Plant pathogens
• Lethal concentration
• Antifungal activities

Antifungal Activities of Different Organic Solvent Extracts of Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) Against Some Plant Pathogenic Fungi

Öz

This study was carried out to determine the antifungal activities of different organic solvent (acetone, ethyl acetate, chloroform and methanol) extracts of switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) against the plant pathogens Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Ss), Alternaria solani (As), Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-lycopersici (Forl) and Verticillium dahliae (Vd). In the research, Trailblazer (PI 549094) variety of Nebraska origin and 70 SG 081 numbered line (PI 642267) of North Dakota origin of switchgrass were used as plant material. 100 g of P. virgatum plant samples were weighed and put into 1 liter glass jars. Extraction was carried out by adding organic solvents; acetone, ethyl acetate, chloroform and methanol in separate jars, enough to cover the plant parts. Antifungal activities of the extracts were determined by using food poisoning method. In addition, LC10, LC50 and LC90 doses of the extracts of switchgrass PV1cultivar and PV2 line. In general, it was determined that Ss was the most sensitive pathogen to PV1 and PV2 extracts, followed by Vd, Forl and As. As a result of the dose-effect study, the lowest LC value for PV1 was 0.66 mg/mL against Vd with acetone extract. Among different organic extracts of PV2, the lowest LC50 value was determined against Ss as 0.48 mg/ml with methanol extract.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Antifungal activities, Plant extract, Plant pathogens, Panicum virgatum, Lethal concentration

Kaynakça

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