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General Principles for the Storage of Cereals and the Rice Storage

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 1, 102 - 112, 16.06.2020

Öz

Cereals are one of the most important staple foods of people as a food source. The use of cereals is not only used as food for humans, but also for animal feeding, biofuels and other purposes. One of the most important members of cereals is rice. The largest producer and consumer of rice are Asian countries. Rice is the main staple food of half of the world's population. There are harvesting and post-harvesting losses of cereals in every harvest and post-harvest processes. Proper handling and storage are required to maintain the quality of cereals and to prevent losses. For proper storage and preservation, the general principles of storage of cereals and the conditions for storage of rice should be applied. This paper aims to give general information about the general principles of the storage of cereals and about rice storage.

Kaynakça

  • Ahmad, R. (2013). Penyimpanan beras dan mutunya (Rice storage and its quality). Buletin Teknologi MARDI 4, 1-8.
  • Anonymous, (2010). Good Manufacturing Practices for Rice Mill. Bangkok, Tayland Tarım ve Kooperatif Bakanlığı, Thailand.
  • Appiah, F., Guisse, R., Darte, P. K. A. (2011). Postharvest losses of rice from harvesting to milling in Ghana. Journal of Stored Products and Postharvest Research 2(4), 64-71.
  • Boys, E. (2011). Grain storage guide for cereals and oilseeds. 3rd Edition. Home Grown Cereals Authority (HGCA). Agricultute and Horticulture Development Board. Warwickshire, UK.
  • de Lucia, M., Assennato, D. (1994). Agricultural engineering in development post-harvest operation and management of foodgrains. FAO Agricultural Servises Bulletin No. 93 http://www.fao.org/docrep/T0522E/T0522E00.HTM (Erişim tarihi: 01.01.2017).
  • de Padua, D. B. (1998). Postharvest handling in Asia: Rice. In FTCC International Seminar: Asian Agriculture in 21st Century. June 9-12 1998. Taipei, Taiwan.
  • Dizlek, H. (2012). Depolama sırasında tahıllarda meydana gelen fiziksel ve kimyasal değişiklikler. Gıda ve Yem Bilimi - Teknoloji Dergisi 12: 49-57.
  • Efetürk, A. N., Şener, A., Kaycı, H., Yıldır, A. O., Eroğlu, E., Tamer, Z., Dalkılıç, E., Deniz, S. (2016). Tahıl işleme ve depolama işletmelerinin sigortalanmasında olası riskler ve risklerin değerlendirmeleri. Risk Değerlendirme Bülteni 4, 1-25.
  • Ercan, O. (1988). Depolama ve Muhafaza Ders Notları. Toprak Mahsülleri Ofisi Eksper Kursu. Ankara.
  • FAO, (2013). FAO Statistical Yearbook 2013. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Rome, Italy.
  • FAO, (2015). FAO Statistical Pocketbook 2015. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Rome, Italy.
  • FAO, (2018a). Food Outlook, Biannual Reposrt on Global Food Markets. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Rome, Italy.
  • FAO, (2018b). Rice Market Monitor Volume XXI No. 1. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Rome, Italy.
  • Guisse, R. (2010). Post harvest losses of rice (Oryza spp.) from harvest to milling: A case study in besease and nobewam in the ejisu juabeng district in the Ashanti Region of Ghana. Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology. Kumasi, Ghana.
  • IRRI. (2016). World rice statistics. International Rice Research Institute http://ricestat.irri.org:8080/wrs/ (Erişim tarihi: 01.01.2017).
  • Justice, O. L., Bass, L. N. (1978). Principles and practices of seed storage – Agriculture Handbook No. 506. US Department of Agriculture, Washington DC, USA.
  • Kader, A. A. (2002). Postharvest technology of horticultural crops. 3rd Edition. University of California. Agricultural and Natural Resources. California, USA.
  • Kent, N. L., Evers, A. D. (1994). Technology of Cereal: An Introduction for student of food science and agriculture. 4th Edition. Elsevier Science Ltd. Oxford, UK.
  • Kiaya, V. (2014). Technical Paper: Post-harvest losses and strategies to reduce them. Action Contre la Faim. ACF International, France.
  • Kitinoja, L., Gorny, J. R. (1999). Postharvest technology for small-scale produce marketers; economic opportunities, qualities and food safety. UC Postharvest Technology. Research and Information Center. California, USA.
  • Mejia, D. J. (2003). An overview of rice post-harvest technology: Use of small metalic silos for minimizing losses. In Tran, D. V., Duffy, R. (Eds.). Proceeding of the 20th session of the International Rice Commission: Sustainable rice production for food security. July 23-26 2002. Bangkok, Thailand.
  • Mülayim, M. (2015). Tarım Ürünleri Standardizasyonu ve Depolama Ders Notları (Basılmamış). S. Ü. Ziraat Fakültesi, Konya.
  • Parimala, K., Subramanian, K., Kannan, S. M., Vijayalakshmi, K. (2013). Seed Storage Techniques – A Primer. Revitalising Rainfed Agriculture Network. Chennai, India. USDA, (2019). World Agricultural Production. United States Department of Agriculture Circular Series WAP 11-19. Washington DC, USA.
  • Waramboi, J. G. (2003). Storage and Preservation of Rice. National Agricultural Research Institute. Morobe, Papua New Guinea.

Tahılların Depolanmasında Genel Prensipler ve Çeltiğin Depolanması

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 1, 102 - 112, 16.06.2020

Öz

Tahıllar gıda kaynağı olarak insanların en önemli temel gıdalarındandır. Tahıllar sadece insanların gıda maddesi olarak değil hayvanların beslenmesi, biyoyakıt ve diğer bazı alanlarda da kullanılmaktadır. Sıcak iklim tahılları içerisinde en önemli cinslerden birisi ise çeltiktir. Çeltiğin en büyük üreticisi ve tüketicisi Asya
ülkeleridir. Çeltiğin işlenmesi ile elde edilen pirinç, dünya nüfusunun yarısının ana gıda maddesidir. Tahılların hasadı sürecinde ve hasat sonrasında dane kayıpları olmaktadır. Hasat sonrası ürünlerin kalitesini korumak ve kayıplarını azaltmak için uygun bir depolama ve muhafaza gerekmektedir. Uygun bir depolama ve muhafaza için tahılların depolanmasının genel prensipleri ve çeltiğin depolanmasında istenilen koşullar uygulanmalıdır. Bu derlemede tahılların depolanmasında uygulanan genel prensipler ve çeltiğin depolanması hakkında genel bilgilerin verilmesi amaçlanmaktadır.

Kaynakça

  • Ahmad, R. (2013). Penyimpanan beras dan mutunya (Rice storage and its quality). Buletin Teknologi MARDI 4, 1-8.
  • Anonymous, (2010). Good Manufacturing Practices for Rice Mill. Bangkok, Tayland Tarım ve Kooperatif Bakanlığı, Thailand.
  • Appiah, F., Guisse, R., Darte, P. K. A. (2011). Postharvest losses of rice from harvesting to milling in Ghana. Journal of Stored Products and Postharvest Research 2(4), 64-71.
  • Boys, E. (2011). Grain storage guide for cereals and oilseeds. 3rd Edition. Home Grown Cereals Authority (HGCA). Agricultute and Horticulture Development Board. Warwickshire, UK.
  • de Lucia, M., Assennato, D. (1994). Agricultural engineering in development post-harvest operation and management of foodgrains. FAO Agricultural Servises Bulletin No. 93 http://www.fao.org/docrep/T0522E/T0522E00.HTM (Erişim tarihi: 01.01.2017).
  • de Padua, D. B. (1998). Postharvest handling in Asia: Rice. In FTCC International Seminar: Asian Agriculture in 21st Century. June 9-12 1998. Taipei, Taiwan.
  • Dizlek, H. (2012). Depolama sırasında tahıllarda meydana gelen fiziksel ve kimyasal değişiklikler. Gıda ve Yem Bilimi - Teknoloji Dergisi 12: 49-57.
  • Efetürk, A. N., Şener, A., Kaycı, H., Yıldır, A. O., Eroğlu, E., Tamer, Z., Dalkılıç, E., Deniz, S. (2016). Tahıl işleme ve depolama işletmelerinin sigortalanmasında olası riskler ve risklerin değerlendirmeleri. Risk Değerlendirme Bülteni 4, 1-25.
  • Ercan, O. (1988). Depolama ve Muhafaza Ders Notları. Toprak Mahsülleri Ofisi Eksper Kursu. Ankara.
  • FAO, (2013). FAO Statistical Yearbook 2013. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Rome, Italy.
  • FAO, (2015). FAO Statistical Pocketbook 2015. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Rome, Italy.
  • FAO, (2018a). Food Outlook, Biannual Reposrt on Global Food Markets. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Rome, Italy.
  • FAO, (2018b). Rice Market Monitor Volume XXI No. 1. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Rome, Italy.
  • Guisse, R. (2010). Post harvest losses of rice (Oryza spp.) from harvest to milling: A case study in besease and nobewam in the ejisu juabeng district in the Ashanti Region of Ghana. Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology. Kumasi, Ghana.
  • IRRI. (2016). World rice statistics. International Rice Research Institute http://ricestat.irri.org:8080/wrs/ (Erişim tarihi: 01.01.2017).
  • Justice, O. L., Bass, L. N. (1978). Principles and practices of seed storage – Agriculture Handbook No. 506. US Department of Agriculture, Washington DC, USA.
  • Kader, A. A. (2002). Postharvest technology of horticultural crops. 3rd Edition. University of California. Agricultural and Natural Resources. California, USA.
  • Kent, N. L., Evers, A. D. (1994). Technology of Cereal: An Introduction for student of food science and agriculture. 4th Edition. Elsevier Science Ltd. Oxford, UK.
  • Kiaya, V. (2014). Technical Paper: Post-harvest losses and strategies to reduce them. Action Contre la Faim. ACF International, France.
  • Kitinoja, L., Gorny, J. R. (1999). Postharvest technology for small-scale produce marketers; economic opportunities, qualities and food safety. UC Postharvest Technology. Research and Information Center. California, USA.
  • Mejia, D. J. (2003). An overview of rice post-harvest technology: Use of small metalic silos for minimizing losses. In Tran, D. V., Duffy, R. (Eds.). Proceeding of the 20th session of the International Rice Commission: Sustainable rice production for food security. July 23-26 2002. Bangkok, Thailand.
  • Mülayim, M. (2015). Tarım Ürünleri Standardizasyonu ve Depolama Ders Notları (Basılmamış). S. Ü. Ziraat Fakültesi, Konya.
  • Parimala, K., Subramanian, K., Kannan, S. M., Vijayalakshmi, K. (2013). Seed Storage Techniques – A Primer. Revitalising Rainfed Agriculture Network. Chennai, India. USDA, (2019). World Agricultural Production. United States Department of Agriculture Circular Series WAP 11-19. Washington DC, USA.
  • Waramboi, J. G. (2003). Storage and Preservation of Rice. National Agricultural Research Institute. Morobe, Papua New Guinea.
Toplam 24 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Ziraat, Veterinerlik ve Gıda Bilimleri
Bölüm Derleme
Yazarlar

Ade Sumıahadı Bu kişi benim

Mevlüt Mülayim Bu kişi benim

Ramazan Acar Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 16 Haziran 2020
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2020 Cilt: 9 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Sumıahadı, A., Mülayim, M., & Acar, R. (2020). Tahılların Depolanmasında Genel Prensipler ve Çeltiğin Depolanması. Bahri Dağdaş Bitkisel Araştırma Dergisi, 9(1), 102-112.