Araştırma Makalesi
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Ak Acıbakla (Lupinus albus L.) Genotiplerinde Bitki Gelişim Düzenleyicilerinin Verim ve Verim Unsurlarına Etkileri

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 2, 197 - 211, 24.12.2020

Öz

Bu araştırma; 2018 ve 2019 yılları ilkbahar yetiştirme döneminde Tekirdağ Namık Kemal Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Tarla Bitkileri Bölümü Araştırma ve Uygulama Alanı’nda yürütülmüştür. Araştırmada Amigo ve Lolita ak acıbakla çeşitleri ile Deşdiğin genotipi (yerel çeşit) materyal olarak kullanılmıştır. Yapılan çalışmada genotiplerin %50 çiçeklenme dönemi ve meyve bağlama başlangıcı dönemlerinde bitki gelişim düzenleyici (BGD) preparatları GA3, GA4+7 ve Oksin+Sitokinin ile iki dönemde uygulama yapılmıştır. Araştırma, kullanılan BGD’lerin ak acıbakla (Lupinus albus L.) genotiplerinde verim ve önemli bazı verim unsurları ile fizyolojik ve kimyasal özelliklerine olan etkilerinin saptanması amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Verim unsurlarından bitkide meyve sayısı 7.27-11.73 adet, meyve eni 11.47-12.77 mm, meyve boyu 72.26-80.10 mm, meyvede tohum sayısı 4.86-5.26 adet, bin tane ağırlığı 209.94-230.03 g, tane verimi 220.05-340.15 kg/da, protein oranı %28.01-32.75, protein verimi 66.97-107.68 kg/da, azot oranı %4.59-5.24, fosfor oranı %0.20-0.26, potasyum oranı %0.79-0.93, kalsiyum oranı %0.18-0.33, magnezyum oranı %0.12-0.15, demir içeriği 47.00-77.00 ppm, bakır içeriği 13.60-16.77 ppm, çinko içeriği 29.73-39.00 ppm, mangan içeriği 0.914-1.360 ppm, fizyolojik özelliklerden klorofil miktarı %57.45-65.39 olarak bulunmuştur.

Kaynakça

  • Açıkgöz, E. (1995). Yem Bitkileri. Uludağ Üniversitesi Basımevi, Yayın No: 7, Bursa.
  • Aniszewski, T. (1992). The alkaloid-rich and alkaloid-poor Washington lupine (Lupinus polyphyllus Lindl.) as a potential industrial crop. Elsevier, 1(2-4), 147-155. DOI: 10.1016/0926-6690(92)90013-L.
  • AOAC, (1990). Association of Official Analytical Chemists. Official Methods of Analysis. (fifteenth ed.) Association of Official Analytical Chemists, 69–88. Washington, DC, USA.
  • Arnoldi, A. (2005). The healthy-profood project: optimized process for preparing healthy and added value food ingredients from lupin kernels, the European protein-rich legume. In: Final Conference of Healthy-Profood, 1-8, 9-18 November, Milan.
  • Bartkiene, E., Bartkevics, V., Starkute, V., Krungleviciute, V., Cizeikiene, D., Zadeike, D., Juodeikiene, G., Maknickiene, Z. (2016). Chemical composition and nutritional value of seeds of Lupinus luteus L., L. angustifolius L. and new hybrid lines of L. angustifolius L.. Zemdirbyste-Agriculture, 103(1), 107-114. DOI: 10.13080/z-a.2016.103.014.
  • Bhardwaj, H. L., Hamama, A. A. (2012). Yield and nutritional quality traits of white lupin sprouts. Journal of Agricultural Science 4(1), 58-61. DOI:10.5539/jas.v4n1p58.
  • Brian, P. W., Elson, G. W., Hemming, H. G., Radley, M. (1954). The plant growth promoting properties of gibberellic acid, a metabolic product of the fungus. Gibberella fujikuroi. J. Sei. Food Agr., 5: 602-12. DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.2740051210.
  • Byszewski W., Sadowska A. (1976). Impact of Wuxal foliar application on yellow lupin seed yield (Lupinus luteus L.). Zesz. Probl. Post. Nauk Rol. 184: 49-59 [in Polish].
  • Christiansen, J. L., Raza, S., Jornsgard, B., Mahmoud, S. A., Ortiz, R. (2000). Potential of landrace germplasm for genetic enhancement of white lupin in Egypt. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution 47: 425-430.
  • Clements, J. C., Cowling. W. A. (1994). Patterns of morphological diversity in relation to geographical origins of wild Lupinus angustifolius from the Aegean region. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution 41: 109-122.
  • Copur, O., Demirel, U., Karakus, M. (2010). Effects of several plant growth regulators on the yield and fiber quality of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). Notula Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj. 38: 104-110. DOI: 10.15835/nbha3834588.
  • Davis, P. H. (1970). Flora of Turkey and The East Aegean Islands. Edinburgh University Press, Vol. 3., Edinburgh.
  • EL-Harty, E., Ashrie, A., Ammar, M., Alghamdi, S. (2016). Genetic variation among Egyptian white lupin (Lupinus albus L.) genotypes. Turk J Field Crops, 21(1), 148-155. DOI: 10.17557/tjfc.95532.
  • Erbaş, M., Certel, M., Uslu, M. K. (2005). Some chemical properties of white lupin seeds (Lupinus albus L.). Food Chemistry, 89: 341–345. DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2004.02.040.
  • Erickson, J. P. (1985). Lupins show potential as protein source for livestock. Feedstuffs, 57(5), 22-24.
  • Ganapathy, M., Baradhan, G., Ramesh, N. (2008). Effect of foliar nutrition on reproductive efficiency and grain yield of rice fallow pulses. Legume Res., 31(2), 142-144.
  • Geisler, G. (1980). Pflanzenbau' ein Lehrbuch - Biologische Grundlagen und Technik der Pflanzenproduktion. Verlag Paul Parey, 479 p. Berlin und Hamburg, Germany.
  • Gençkan, S. (1983). Yem Bitkileri Tarımı. E.Ü. Basımevi, Yayın No: 467, Bornova-İzmir.
  • Gilbert, G. A., Knight, J. D., Vance, C. P., Allan, D. L. (1999). Acid phosphatase activity in phosphorus -deficient white lupin roots. Plant Cell and Environment, 22: 801-810.
  • Gladstones, J. S. (1998). Distribution, Origin, Taxonomy, History and Importance. (in: Lupin as Crop Plants). eds.. Biology, Production and Utilization. CAB International, Oxon, UK.
  • Gromadzinski, A., Ciesielski, F., Mrówczynski, M. (1990). Influence of plant growth regulators on lupin yield. Materiały Sesji Instytutu Ochrony Roślin, 30(2), 65-70.
  • Hill, G. D. (1977). The composition and nutritive value of lupin seed. Live-Stock Feeds & Feeding, 47: 511-529.
  • Hondelmann, W. (1984). The lupin - ancient and modern crop plant. Theor. Appl. Genet. 68: 1–8.
  • Huyghe, C. (1989). Discussion of selection criteria for grain yield in lupin breeding. Pages 2l-30 in proceedings of the Joint CECNCRD Workshop, 216 p., Israel. Isaac, R.A., Johson W. C. Jr. (1998). Elemental determination by ınductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry.( In: Kalra, Y. P., Ed.), Handbook of Reference Methods for Plnat Analysis, 165-170. Crc Press.
  • Jansen, P. C. M. (2006). Lupinus albus (L.) Record from Protabase. In: PROTA (Plant Resources of Tropical Africa. Eds. Brink, M., Belay, G.), Wageningen, Netherlands.
  • Julier, B., Huyghe, C. (1993) Description and model of the architecture of four genotypes of determinate autumn-sown white lupin (Lupinus albus L) as influenced by location, sowing date and density. Ann. Bot 72(5), 493-501. DOI: 10.1006/anbo.1993.1136.
  • Kahnt, G., Kurz, Chr. (1989). Some possibilities realizing the genetic yield potential of lupins. Pages 3247 in proceedings of the Joint CEC-NCRD Workshop, 216 p., Israel.
  • Khalil, S., Mandurah, H. M. (1989). Growth and metabolic changes of cowpea plants as affected by water deficiency and indole-3- yl acetic acid. J. Agrono. Crop Sci.; 163: 160-166. DOI: 0.1111/j.1439-037X.1989.tb00751.x.
  • Khatun, S., Roy, T. S., Haque, M. N., Alamgir, B. (2016). Effect of plant growth regulators and their time of application on yield attributes and quality of soybean. International Journal of Plant and Soil Science, 11(1), 1-9. DOI: 10.9734/IJPSS/2016/25981.
  • Kurlovich, B. S. (2002). The History of Lupin Domestication. (In: Kurlovich, B. S. Ed.) Lupins: Geography, classification, genetic resources and breeding. OY International North Express, 147-164, St. Petersburg, Russia.
  • Lagunes-Espinoza, L. C., Huyghe, C., Papineau, J. (2000). Genetic variation for pod wall proportion in Lupinus albus L.. Plant Breed. 119(5), 421-425. DOI: 10.1046/j.1439-0523.2000.00525.x.
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  • Lopez-Bellido, L., Fuentes, M., Castillo, J. E. (2000). Growth and yield of white lupin under Mediterranean conditions: Effect of plant density. Agronomy Journal 92: 200-205. DOI: 10.2134/agronj2000.922200x.
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The Effects of Plant Growth Regulators on Yield and Yield Components in White Lupin (Lupinus albus L.) Genotypes

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 2, 197 - 211, 24.12.2020

Öz

This research was conducted in 2018 and 2019 spring growing seasons at Tekirdağ Namık Kemal University Faculty of Agriculture Field Crops Department Research and Experimental Area. Amigo and Lolita varieties and Deşdiğin genotype (local variety) was used as seed material. In the study, plant growth regulators (GA3, GA4+7 ve Oksin+Sitokinin) was applied at half bloom and begining of fruit binding stages of genotypes. The research was conducted to determine the effects of PGR’s on yield and some important yield components and physiological and chemical properties of white lupin (Lupinus albus L.) genotypes. According to the results of the study, the characters were determined as follows; pod number per plant 7.27-11.73 pcs, pod width 11.47-12.77 mm, pod length 72.26-80.10 mm, seed number per pod 4.86-5.26 pcs, 1000 seed weight 209.94-230.03 g, seed yield 220.05-340.15 kg/da, protein ratio 28.01-32.75%, protein yield 66.97-107.68 kg/da, nitrogen ratio 4.59-5.24%, phosphorus ratio 0.20-0.26%, potassium ratio 0.79-0.93%, calcium ratio 0.18-0.33%, magnesium 0.12-0.15%, iron content 47.00-77.00 ppm, copper content 13.60-16.77 ppm, zinc content 29.73-39.00 ppm, manganese content 914-1.360 ppm and chlorophyll content 57.45-65.39%.

Kaynakça

  • Açıkgöz, E. (1995). Yem Bitkileri. Uludağ Üniversitesi Basımevi, Yayın No: 7, Bursa.
  • Aniszewski, T. (1992). The alkaloid-rich and alkaloid-poor Washington lupine (Lupinus polyphyllus Lindl.) as a potential industrial crop. Elsevier, 1(2-4), 147-155. DOI: 10.1016/0926-6690(92)90013-L.
  • AOAC, (1990). Association of Official Analytical Chemists. Official Methods of Analysis. (fifteenth ed.) Association of Official Analytical Chemists, 69–88. Washington, DC, USA.
  • Arnoldi, A. (2005). The healthy-profood project: optimized process for preparing healthy and added value food ingredients from lupin kernels, the European protein-rich legume. In: Final Conference of Healthy-Profood, 1-8, 9-18 November, Milan.
  • Bartkiene, E., Bartkevics, V., Starkute, V., Krungleviciute, V., Cizeikiene, D., Zadeike, D., Juodeikiene, G., Maknickiene, Z. (2016). Chemical composition and nutritional value of seeds of Lupinus luteus L., L. angustifolius L. and new hybrid lines of L. angustifolius L.. Zemdirbyste-Agriculture, 103(1), 107-114. DOI: 10.13080/z-a.2016.103.014.
  • Bhardwaj, H. L., Hamama, A. A. (2012). Yield and nutritional quality traits of white lupin sprouts. Journal of Agricultural Science 4(1), 58-61. DOI:10.5539/jas.v4n1p58.
  • Brian, P. W., Elson, G. W., Hemming, H. G., Radley, M. (1954). The plant growth promoting properties of gibberellic acid, a metabolic product of the fungus. Gibberella fujikuroi. J. Sei. Food Agr., 5: 602-12. DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.2740051210.
  • Byszewski W., Sadowska A. (1976). Impact of Wuxal foliar application on yellow lupin seed yield (Lupinus luteus L.). Zesz. Probl. Post. Nauk Rol. 184: 49-59 [in Polish].
  • Christiansen, J. L., Raza, S., Jornsgard, B., Mahmoud, S. A., Ortiz, R. (2000). Potential of landrace germplasm for genetic enhancement of white lupin in Egypt. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution 47: 425-430.
  • Clements, J. C., Cowling. W. A. (1994). Patterns of morphological diversity in relation to geographical origins of wild Lupinus angustifolius from the Aegean region. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution 41: 109-122.
  • Copur, O., Demirel, U., Karakus, M. (2010). Effects of several plant growth regulators on the yield and fiber quality of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). Notula Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj. 38: 104-110. DOI: 10.15835/nbha3834588.
  • Davis, P. H. (1970). Flora of Turkey and The East Aegean Islands. Edinburgh University Press, Vol. 3., Edinburgh.
  • EL-Harty, E., Ashrie, A., Ammar, M., Alghamdi, S. (2016). Genetic variation among Egyptian white lupin (Lupinus albus L.) genotypes. Turk J Field Crops, 21(1), 148-155. DOI: 10.17557/tjfc.95532.
  • Erbaş, M., Certel, M., Uslu, M. K. (2005). Some chemical properties of white lupin seeds (Lupinus albus L.). Food Chemistry, 89: 341–345. DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2004.02.040.
  • Erickson, J. P. (1985). Lupins show potential as protein source for livestock. Feedstuffs, 57(5), 22-24.
  • Ganapathy, M., Baradhan, G., Ramesh, N. (2008). Effect of foliar nutrition on reproductive efficiency and grain yield of rice fallow pulses. Legume Res., 31(2), 142-144.
  • Geisler, G. (1980). Pflanzenbau' ein Lehrbuch - Biologische Grundlagen und Technik der Pflanzenproduktion. Verlag Paul Parey, 479 p. Berlin und Hamburg, Germany.
  • Gençkan, S. (1983). Yem Bitkileri Tarımı. E.Ü. Basımevi, Yayın No: 467, Bornova-İzmir.
  • Gilbert, G. A., Knight, J. D., Vance, C. P., Allan, D. L. (1999). Acid phosphatase activity in phosphorus -deficient white lupin roots. Plant Cell and Environment, 22: 801-810.
  • Gladstones, J. S. (1998). Distribution, Origin, Taxonomy, History and Importance. (in: Lupin as Crop Plants). eds.. Biology, Production and Utilization. CAB International, Oxon, UK.
  • Gromadzinski, A., Ciesielski, F., Mrówczynski, M. (1990). Influence of plant growth regulators on lupin yield. Materiały Sesji Instytutu Ochrony Roślin, 30(2), 65-70.
  • Hill, G. D. (1977). The composition and nutritive value of lupin seed. Live-Stock Feeds & Feeding, 47: 511-529.
  • Hondelmann, W. (1984). The lupin - ancient and modern crop plant. Theor. Appl. Genet. 68: 1–8.
  • Huyghe, C. (1989). Discussion of selection criteria for grain yield in lupin breeding. Pages 2l-30 in proceedings of the Joint CECNCRD Workshop, 216 p., Israel. Isaac, R.A., Johson W. C. Jr. (1998). Elemental determination by ınductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry.( In: Kalra, Y. P., Ed.), Handbook of Reference Methods for Plnat Analysis, 165-170. Crc Press.
  • Jansen, P. C. M. (2006). Lupinus albus (L.) Record from Protabase. In: PROTA (Plant Resources of Tropical Africa. Eds. Brink, M., Belay, G.), Wageningen, Netherlands.
  • Julier, B., Huyghe, C. (1993) Description and model of the architecture of four genotypes of determinate autumn-sown white lupin (Lupinus albus L) as influenced by location, sowing date and density. Ann. Bot 72(5), 493-501. DOI: 10.1006/anbo.1993.1136.
  • Kahnt, G., Kurz, Chr. (1989). Some possibilities realizing the genetic yield potential of lupins. Pages 3247 in proceedings of the Joint CEC-NCRD Workshop, 216 p., Israel.
  • Khalil, S., Mandurah, H. M. (1989). Growth and metabolic changes of cowpea plants as affected by water deficiency and indole-3- yl acetic acid. J. Agrono. Crop Sci.; 163: 160-166. DOI: 0.1111/j.1439-037X.1989.tb00751.x.
  • Khatun, S., Roy, T. S., Haque, M. N., Alamgir, B. (2016). Effect of plant growth regulators and their time of application on yield attributes and quality of soybean. International Journal of Plant and Soil Science, 11(1), 1-9. DOI: 10.9734/IJPSS/2016/25981.
  • Kurlovich, B. S. (2002). The History of Lupin Domestication. (In: Kurlovich, B. S. Ed.) Lupins: Geography, classification, genetic resources and breeding. OY International North Express, 147-164, St. Petersburg, Russia.
  • Lagunes-Espinoza, L. C., Huyghe, C., Papineau, J. (2000). Genetic variation for pod wall proportion in Lupinus albus L.. Plant Breed. 119(5), 421-425. DOI: 10.1046/j.1439-0523.2000.00525.x.
  • Liu, A., Tang, C. (1999). Comparative performance of Lupinus albus genotypes in response to soil alkalinity. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 50(8), 1435-1442.
  • Lopez-Bellido, L., Fuentes, M., Castillo, J. E. (2000). Growth and yield of white lupin under Mediterranean conditions: Effect of plant density. Agronomy Journal 92: 200-205. DOI: 10.2134/agronj2000.922200x.
  • Lucas, M. M., Frederick, L. S., Annicchiarico, P., Frias, J., Martínez-Villaluenga, C., Sussmann, D., Duranti, M., Seger, A., Zander, P. M., Pueyo, J. J. (2015). The future of lupin as a protein crop in Europe. Front. Plant Sci., 6: 1-7. DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2015.00705.
  • Martínez-Villaluenga, C., Frías, J., Vidal-Valverde, C. (2006) Functional lupin seeds (Lupinus albus L. and Lupinus luteus L.) after extraction of α-galactosides. Food Chemistry, 98(2), 291-299. DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2005.05.074.
  • Mülayim, M., Semerciöz, B. S. (1992). Konya ilinde ekimi yapılan acıbakla (Lupinus albus L.) yerel çeşitlerinin morfolojik, biyolojik ve tarımsal karakterleri üzerine bir araştırma. Selçuk Üniv. Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 2: 89-103.
  • Mulayim, M., Tamkoc, A., Babaoglu, M. (2002). Sweet white lupins versus local bitter genotype: agronomic characteristics as affected by different planting densities in the Goller region of Turkey. European Journal of Agronomy 17(3), 181-189. DOI: 10.1016/S1161-0301(02)00007-2.
  • Nigussie, Z. (2012). Contribution of white lupin (Lupinus albus L.) for food security in North-Western Ethiopia: a review. Asian Journal of Plant Sciences, 11(5), 200-205. DOI: 10.3923/ajps.2012.200.205.
  • Okuyucu, F., Akdemir, H., Kır, B., Okuyucu, B R., Baylan, M. (2004). Ödemiş koşullarında bazı ak acı (Lupinus albus L.), sarı tatlı (Lupinus luteus L.) ve mavi tatlı (Lupinus angustifolius L.) lüpen çeşitlerinin verim ve besin madde içerikleri üzerine bir araştırma. Ege Üniversitesi Ziraat Fak. Dergisi 41(3), 89-98.
  • Omer, M. A. M., Mohamed, E. A., Ahmed, I. A. M., Yagoub, A. A., Babiker, E. E. (2016). Effect of different processing methods on anti-nutrients content and protein quality of improved lupin (Lupinus albus L.) cultivar seeds. Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology, 4(1), 9-16. DOI: 10.24925/turjaf.v4i1.9-16.404.
  • Orak, A., Nizam, İ. (2003). Ak acı baklada (Lupinus albus L.) bitki yoğunluğunun tohum verimi ve bazı morfolojik özelliklere etkisi. Türkiye 5. Tarla Bitkileri Kongresi 13-17 Ekim 2003 s. 489-493, Diyarbakır.
  • Orak, A., Tuna, C. (1994). Farklı sıra arası mesafenin acıbakla (Lupinus sp.) ekotiplerinin bazı verim ve verim unsurlarına etkisi. T. Ü. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Yay. 216, Araş. Yay. 83. Tekirdağ.
  • Orak, A., Tuna, C., Nizam, İ. (1996). Tekirdağ koşullarında ak acıbaklada (Lupinus albus L.) yazlık ekim zamanının saptanması üzerine bir araştırma. Türkiye 3. Çayır, Mera Yem bitkileri Kongresi, 17-19 Haziran 1996, 725-731, Erzurum.
  • Özkaynak, İ., Mülayim, M., Tamkoç, A., Babaoğlu, M., Topal, A. (1994). Konya şartlarında yetiştirilen yerel lüpenle, yabancı kökenli acı ve tatlı lüpenlerin karşılaştırılması. E.Ü.Z.F. Tarla Bitkileri Bölümü, Tarla Bitkileri Derneği, 32-35.
  • Payne, W. A., Chen, C., Ball, D. A. (2004). Agronomic potential of narrow-leafed and white lupins in the Inland Pacific Northwest. Agron. J. 96(6), 1501-1508. DOI: 10.2134/agronj2004.1501.
  • Plank, C. O. (1992). Plant analysis reference procedures for the Southern Region of the United States. Sothern Cooperative Services Bulletin #368.
  • Pospišil, A., Pospišil, M. (2015). Influence of sowing density on agronomic traits of lupins (Lupinus spp.). Plant Soil Environ., 61: 422-425. DOI: 10.17221/436/2015-PSE.
  • Prusiński, J. (2016). Overwintering and yield of winter cultivars of field pea assas and white lupine orus. EJPAU 19(4), #04.
  • Rahman, M. S., Gladstones, J. S. (1972). Control of lupin flower initiation ~y vernalistion photoperiod and temperature under controlled environment; Austalian Journal of Experimental Agriculture and Animal Husbandry 12: 638-645.
  • Ramaswamy, N. K., Nathawat, N. S., Nair J. S., Sharma, H. R., Kumawat, S. M., Sahu, M. P., D'Souza, S. F. (2007). Effect of seed soaking with sulphydryl compounds on the photochemical efficiency and antioxidant defence system during the growth of pearl millet under water limiting environment. Photosynthetica 45(3), 477-480.
  • Rocio, M., Esteban, E., Zornoza, P., Sierra, M. J. (2013). Could an abandoned mercury mine area be cropped? Environmental Research 125: 150-159. DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2012.12.012.
  • Salman, A. C., Kılıç, C., Budak, B., Avcıoğlu, R., Soya, H., Geren, H. (2011). Bayındır ve Ödemiş’in asit topraklarında yetiştirilen doğal (Lupinus various) ve kültür formu (Lupinus albus) lüpenlerinin tohum verimi ve verime ilişkin özellikler üzerinde bir araştırma. Türkiye IV. Tohumculuk Kong. Cilt 2, s. 271-276, 14-17 Haziran 2011, Samsun.
  • Šariková, D., Hnát, A., Fecák, P. (2011). Yield formation of white lupin Lupinus albus L. on heavy gleyey alluvial soil. Agriculture (Poľnohospodárstvo), 57(2), 53–60. DOI: 10.2478/v10207-011-0006-z.
  • Schuster, W. (1992). Ölpflanzen in Europa. DLG, Verlag 89-94.
  • Seiffert, M., Makowski, N., Moll, A, Naumann, S., Oehme, H., Schulz, H., Wicke, H. J., Virsing, F. (1981). Drusch und Hackfrucht produktion. VEB Deutscher Landwirtschaftsverlag. 399 p. Berlin, Gennany.
  • Sujak, A., Kotlarz, A., Strobel, W. (2006). Compositional and nutritional evaluation of several lupin seeds. Food Chem., 98(4), 711-719. DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2005.06.036.
  • Takahashi, N., Yamaguchi, I., Yamane, H. (1986) Gibberellins. (Takahashi, N. Ed.). Chemistry of Plant Hormones. CRC Press Inc., 57-151. Boca Raton, Florida.
  • Tenikecier, H. S., Orak, A., Orak, H., Özdüven, L. (2017). Farklı fosfor dozlarının Tekirdağ koşullarında bazı ak acıbakla (Lupinus albus L.) genotiplerinin verim ve verim unsurlarına etkisinin belirlenmesi. 12.Tarla Bitkileri Kongresi, Kahramanmaraş, Elektronik Kongre Kitabı, Poster Bildiriler, S:250.
  • Uzunlu, M. (2006). Aspirinin kavun fidelerinin değişik abiyotik stres koşullarına karşı toleranslarının artırılması üzerine etkileri. (Yüksek lisans tezi). Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniv., Fen Bil. Enst., Bahçe Bitkileri Anabilim Dalı, Kahramanmaraş.
  • Williams, W. (1984). Lupins in crop production. Outlook on Agriculture 13: 69-76.
  • Wolko, B. J., Clements, C., Naganowska, B., Nelson, M. N., Yang, H. (2011). Lupinus In: Wild crop relatives: Genomic and breeding resources: Legume crops and forages. (Kole, C., Ed.). 153-206, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.
  • Yamaguchi, S., Kamiya, Y. (2000). Gibberellin biosynthesis: its regulationby endogenous and environmental signals. Plant and Cell Physiology, 41(3), 251-257. DOI: 10.1093/pcp/41.3.251.
  • Zhukovsky, P. M. (1929). A contribution to the knowledge of genus Lupinus Tourn. Bull. Apll. Bot. Gen. Pl.-Breed. 3: 16-294.
Toplam 63 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Ziraat, Veterinerlik ve Gıda Bilimleri
Bölüm Araştırma
Yazarlar

Ali Balcıoğlu Bu kişi benim 0000-0001-6987-5073

Adnan Orak Bu kişi benim 0000-0001-6588-8563

Yayımlanma Tarihi 24 Aralık 2020
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2020 Cilt: 9 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Balcıoğlu, A., & Orak, A. (2020). Ak Acıbakla (Lupinus albus L.) Genotiplerinde Bitki Gelişim Düzenleyicilerinin Verim ve Verim Unsurlarına Etkileri. Bahri Dağdaş Bitkisel Araştırma Dergisi, 9(2), 197-211.