RELIGOUS TOURISM VALUE IN IZMIR WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF MULTICULTURALISM: AZIZ POLIKARPIUS (ST.POLYCARPE)

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 1, 23 - 35, 30.06.2020

Nahid Malazizi , Haktan Birsel

Öz

From a long time, Geographies with hetorogynous populations in terms of multicultural theories and with different cultural structures have attracted people worldwide. Therefore, it is seen that Religous tourism has an important place in the global tourism movement. In this context, İzmir has been central in the first half of the 1st century when Christianity began to spread. Some of the apostles as well as Ephesus stayed in Izmir, and the students they raised became educational and uncompromising radical believers who played a leading role in the spread of Christianity.
St .Polikarpos, who was raised by St. John, is an important Christian personage and the Izmir metropolitan shaped by it, has been very effective in spreading Christianity since the middle of the first century. For this reason, İzmir and its surroundings, which are kneaded in a multicultural life in every period of history and that are home to ancient Greek, Roman civilizations and then Christianity, are very important to be introduced strongly for the whole Christian world.
The aim of this study is to emphasize the importance of religous tourism, which is constantly improving on a global scale, and to emphasize the importance of İzmir and its surroundings in the context of St. Polycarpios and İzmir church, which has a remarkable feature in the first period of Christianity. Within this framework, the paper is aimed to cover the studies and projects that can be done on the life, and the diversity of beliefs in St. Polikarpios by supporting the conceptual religous tourism within the multiculturalism theory and historical documents in İzmir church.
The method used in the study is to search, compare and translate historical documents. Another purpose of the study is to detail the historical cultural depth of Anatolia through such documents. by considering publications, it is often seen that studies are conducted on the general aspects of history. However, studies on the detailed aspects allow for unforeseen details. In this study, almost every city of Anatolia has cultural values dating back at least 5000 years. Today, the number of people involved in tourism activities has reached to 1.5 billion in the world on an annual basis. Much of this number is related to cultural tourism.
Turkey has a particular historical texture to form the center of world cultural heritage.Thanks to cultural and religious tourism, it is certain that such studies will benefit greatly both in terms of country promotion and economic input for the country.On the other hand, as can be seen in the translations of the studies carried out in the 19th century, it is seen that Anatolia is very important in terms of transition and development of Christianity from the Middle East to Europe.
Hatay-Izmir line is also the most central route of this propagation. using this route in Anatolia ,Famous figures such as St. John and St. Pavlos, the main leaderships of Christianity, found their place in İzmir and its surroundings.Although Aziz Polikarp served as a patriarch in Izmir, he protected those who adopted Christianity and disseminated his religion.so that the Romans, who were inclined to protect their pagan beliefs, were very disturbed by his achievements and prevented killing him.
St. Polikarp is an example of religous tourism for Izmir.Simultaneously, the foundations of multiculturalism are laid and It is the most important proof that a life where beliefs are tolerated is developing peacefully in Anatolia.Although he was killed by the Romans, the values which,he added to Christianity were not forgotten and the followers of Polikarp continued the same mission.
In Anatolia, the home of the Turks, the Turks have always tolerated various religous .In particular, the Hatay-Izmir line has continued to be the center for the diversity of beliefs.With this approach, under the governance of the Ottoman Empire in Anatolia, Christians were able to freely maintain their own beliefs and were able to perform their worship without worrying.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Aziz Polikarpios (St. Polycarpe), Christianity, Religous Tourism, Church, Smyrne

ÇOK KÜLTÜRLÜLÜK ÇERÇEVESİNDE İZMİR’DE BİR İNANÇ TURİZMİ DEĞERİ: AZİZ POLİKARPİUS (ST. POLYCARPE)

Öz

Çokkültürlük teorileri açısından hetorojen nüfusa sahip ve içinde değişik kültür yapılarını barındıran coğrafyalar, öteden beri insanların ilgisini çekmiştir. Bu bağlamda küresel boyuttaki turizm hareketinin içinde inanç turizminin yerinin büyük olduğu görülmektedir.
Bu bağlamda İzmir Hıristiyanlığın yayılmaya başladığı 1. Yüzyılın ilk yarısından itibaren merkezi konumda olmuştur. Havarilerin bir kısmı Efes’in yanı sıra İzmir’de kalmışlar ve onların yetiştirdiği öğrenciler burada Hıristiyanlığın yayılmasında öncü rol oynayan birer eğitici ve tavizsiz radikal inanç insanına dönüşmüştür. Bunlardan Aziz Yuhanna tarafından yetiştirilen Aziz Polikarpos önemli bir Hıristiyanlık figürüdür ve onunla şekillenen İzmir metropolitliği de bu bakımdan birinci yüzyılın ortalarından itibaren Hıristiyanlığın yayılmasında çok etkili olmuştur. Bu nedenle tarihin her devrinde çok kültürlü bir yaşam içinde yoğurulan ve özellikle antik Yunan, Roma medeniyetlerine ve sonra da Hıristiyanlığa ev sahipliği de yapan konumuyla İzmir ve havalisi, bütün Hıristiyan dünyası için çok önemlidir ve güçlü şekilde tanıtılması gereklidir.
Bu çalışmanın amacı küresel boyutta sürekli bir gelişim gösteren inanç turizminin önemini vurgulamak ve dikkate değer bir özelliğe sahip olan İzmir ve çevresinin Aziz Polikarpios ve İzmir kilisesi bağlamında ilk dönem Hıristiyanlığındaki önemini vurgulamaktır. Bu çerçevede bildiri çok kültürlülük teorisi içinde kavramsal boyutta inanç turizmi, İzmir kilisesi özelinde tarihi belgeler ile desteklenerek Aziz Polikarpios’un hayatı, çalışmaları ve inanç çeşitliliğinin anlatılması üzerine yapılabilecek çalışma ve projeleri ele alan alt bölümleri kapsaması hedeflenmiştir.
Anahtar Kelimeler: İnanç Turizmi, Aziz Polikarpios (St. Polycarpe), Smyrne, Hıristiyanlık, Kilise.

Anahtar Kelimeler

St. Polycarpios (St. Polycarpe), Smyrne, Christianity

Kaynakça

• Dünya Turizm Organizasyonu Resmi Sitesi, https://www.unwto.org/fr/market-intelligence
• Fenton, Stewe, Etnisite, Phonex Yayınları, Ankara 2001.
• Gutmann, Amy, Tanınma Politikası, Charles Taylor, Çokkültürlülük, YKY Yayınları, İstanbul 2000.
• Les Conferences Smyrne et Ephése, Maison de Bon Presse, Paris, 5 Augost 1909.
• Mirzan, Octave, Vie de Saint Polycarp, L’Ange de L’eglise de Smyrne et l’Apotre des Gaules, İmprimerie Blais. Roy&C., 1893, Paris, Bölüm 3.
• Taylor, Charles, Çokkültürlülük, Tanınma Politikası, YKY Yayınları, İstanbul 2000.