Yeni Kurumsal İktisat

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 3, 1011 - 1048, 31.10.2024

Muhammet Buğra Sucu

https://doi.org/10.25229/beta.1473087

Öz

Yeni Kurumsal İktisat; sosyal, politik ve iktisadi kurumları anlamak için iktisat, hukuk, organizasyon teorisi, siyaset bilimi ve sosyoloji alanlarını birleştirerek hızla büyüyen bir literatüre sahiptir. Yeni Kurumsal İktisat; kurumların ne olduğunu, nasıl ortaya çıktığını, hangi amaçlara hizmet ettiğini, nasıl değiştiğini, nasıl reforme edilebileceğini açıklamaya çalışmaktadır. Ronald Coase, Douglas North ve Olivier Williamson'un öncü çalışmaları sayesinde kurumların artık endüstriler, ülkeler ve bölgeler arasındaki performans farklılıklarını açıklamada önemli bir faktör olduğu kabul edilmektedir. İktisat alanında önemli bir akım haline gelen kurumsal analiz; organizasyon teorisi, mülkiyet hakları, sözleşme teorisi, vekalet teorisi ve yönetişim yapılarını inceleyerek ekonomik büyüme/kalkınma gibi alanlarda uygulamalı çalışmalara ve politik analizlere yol açmıştır. Bu çalışmada Yeni Kurumsal İktisat Okulu’nun temel çerçevesi incelenmiştir. Bu çalışmanın amacı kurumların iktisadi performansa olan etkilerine ilişkin tahminde bulunabilmek için gereken iktisadi mantığa dair başlıca konuları ele almaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kurumsal Analiz, Organizasyon Teorisi, Sözleşme Teorisi, Vekalet Teorisi, Mülkiyet Hakları

New Institutional Economics

Öz

New Institutional Economics is a rapidly growing field that integrates economics, law, organization theory, political science, and sociology to understand social, political, and economic institutions. NIE seeks to explain what institutions are, how they arise, what purposes they serve, how they change, and how they can be reformed. Pioneering work by Ronald Coase, Douglas North, and Olivier Williamson has led to the recognition that institutions are now considered a significant factor in explaining performance differences between industries, countries, and regions. Institutional analysis, which has become a significant school of thought in economics, has led to applied work and policy analysis in areas such as economic growth and development by examining organizational theory, property rights, contract theory, agency theory, and governance structures. This study examines the fundamental framework of the New Institutional Economics School. The aim of this study is to address the main economic logic required to make predictions about the impact of institutions on economic performance.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Institutional Analysis, Organization Theory, Contract Theory, Principal-Agent Theory, Property Rights

Kaynakça

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