Araştırma Makalesi
BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

Assessing Türkiye’s Competitive Position in the Global Hazelnut Trade: Trends, Opportunities, and Strategic Outcomes

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 10 Sayı: 3, 1091 - 1112
https://doi.org/10.25229/beta.1601816

Öz

Türkiye is the world’s leading producer and exporter of hazelnuts, accounting for approximately 70% of global supply and playing a central role in the trade of "Edible fruit and nuts; peel of citrus fruit or melons". Despite its dominance, recent years have seen growing competition from countries such as Italy, Spain, and the United States, threatening Türkiye's market share in key importing nations like Italy. This study examines Türkiye’s hazelnut export performance from 2019 to 2023, focusing on market share trends in the top 10 importing countries (Italy, Spain, Netherlands, Germany, France, USA, Belgium, Poland, Canada and UK) and identifying both opportunities for growth in underpenetrated markets like Spain and the Netherlands and threats in declining markets. Through trend analysis, comparative evaluations, and theoretical frameworks like comparative advantage and Porter’s Diamond Model, the study provides actionable insights for exporters and policymakers to strengthen Türkiye’s global competitiveness. Unlike previous research, which often emphasizes macroeconomic trends, this study offers a granular, market-specific analysis, bridging a critical gap in understanding competitive dynamics within the hazelnut trade. Key findings highlight a declining market share in traditional strongholds like Italy, while stable but low shares in Spain and the Netherlands present untapped growth potential. The research emphasizes strategic interventions, such as market diversification, yield optimization, and policy support, to sustain Türkiye’s leadership in the global hazelnut sector.

Kaynakça

  • An, N., Turp, M. T., Türkeş, M., & Kurnaz, M. L. (2020). Mid-term impact of climate change on hazelnut yield. Agriculture, 10(5), 159.
  • Aydoğan, M. (2023). Internal factors affecting competitiveness in agribusinesses: a case study in the hazelnut sector in Ordu and Giresun provinces of Turkey. Erwerbs-obstbau, 65(4), 795-805.
  • Bayramoglu, Z., Ozer, O. O., Gundogmus, E., & Tatlidil, F. F. (2010). The impact of changes in Turkey’s hazelnut policy on world markets. African Journal of Agricultural Research, 5(1), 7-15.
  • Bozdoğan, S., & Kasaba, R. (Eds.). (1997). Rethinking modernity and national identity in Turkey (Vol. 7). University of Washington Press.
  • Erdal, G., Erdal, H., & Esengün, K. (2012). The effects of exchange rate volatility on trade: evidence from Turkish agricultural trade. Applied Economics Letters, 19(3), 297-303.
  • Erdogan, V. (2017, August). Hazelnut production in Turkey: current situation, problems and future prospects. In IX International Congress on Hazelnut 1226 (pp. 13-24).
  • FAO (2024), The food and agricultural organization, https://www.fao.org/home/en/
  • Gönenc, S., Tanrıvermis, H., & Bülbül, M. (2006). Economic assessment of hazelnut production and the importance of supply management approaches in Turkey. Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development in the Tropics and Subtropics (JARTS), 107(1), 19-32.
  • Hatirli, S. A., Ozkan, B., & Fert, C. (2004, August). Competitiveness of Turkish fruits in the world market. In XV International Symposium on Horticultural Economics and Management 655 (pp. 357-364).
  • Hirst, S. J., & Isci, O. (2020). Smokestacks and pipelines: Russian-Turkish relations and the persistence of economic development. Diplomatic History, 44(5), 834-859.
  • Howard, D. A. (2016). The history of Turkey. Bloomsbury Publishing USA.
  • İslam, A. (2018). Hazelnut culture in Turkey. Akademik Ziraat Dergisi, 7(2), 259-266.
  • Metz, H. C. (Ed.). (1996). Turkey: A country study. Washington, DC: Federal Research Division, Library of Congress.
  • Mordorintellingence (2024), Hazelnut Market Size & Share Analysis - Growth Trends & Forecasts (2024-2029), https://www.mordorintelligence.com/
  • OECD (2024), Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, https://www.oecd.org/
  • Öztan, R. H. (2020). The great depression and the making of Turkish-Syrian border, 1921–1939. International Journal of Middle East Studies, 52(2), 311-326.
  • Ruffin, R. (2002). David Ricardo's discovery of comparative advantage. History of political economy, 34(4), 727-748.
  • Trademap (2024), Trade statistics for international business development, https://www.trademap.org/
  • Tridge (2024), The Turkish Hazelnut Market: Prospects in 2023/24 and Beyond, https://www.tridge.com/
  • Uzundumlu, A. S., Kurtoğlu, S., Şerefoğlu, C., & Algur, Z. (2022). The role of Turkey in the world hazelnut production and exporting. Emirates Journal of Food & Agriculture (EJFA), 34(2).
  • Yavuz, F., Birinci, A., Peker, K., & Atsan, T. (2005). Econometric modeling of Turkey's hazelnut sector: Implications on recent policies. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 29(1), 1-7.
  • Yıldırım, Ç., Bozoğlu, M., & Urago, G. G. (2024). Türkiye’s Competitive Power in the World Hazelnut Market. Applied Fruit Science, 1-8.
  • Özekenci, S. Y., & Özaytürk, İ. (2024). Financial Integratıon and Export Association of Türkiye With OECD Countrıes. Marmara University Journal of Economic & Administrative Sciences, 46(1).
  • Bozoğlu, M., Dengiz, O., Başer, U., Turan, İ. D., & Urago, G. G. (2024). Estimation of the Potential Hazelnut Plantation Areas in Türkiye Using a Geographic Information System. Applied Fruit Science, 66(4), 1319-1330.
  • Baki, R. (2023). The evaluation of target markets for hazelnut exports with the classification approach of potential market alternatives. British Food Journal, 125(10), 3540-3552.
  • Yavuz, F., & Ercisli, S. (2006). Outlook for Turkey's hazelnut sector. Outlook on Agriculture, 35(1), 73-78.

Türkiye'nin Küresel Fındık Ticaretindeki Rekabetçi Konumunun Değerlendirilmesi: Eğilimler, Fırsatlar ve Stratejik Çıkarımlar

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 10 Sayı: 3, 1091 - 1112
https://doi.org/10.25229/beta.1601816

Öz

Türkiye, dünya fındık üretiminde ve ihracatında lider konumda olup, küresel arzın yaklaşık %70'ini karşılamakta ve "Yenilebilir meyve ve kuruyemişler; turunçgillerin veya kavunların kabukları" ticaretinde merkezi bir rol oynamaktadır. Bu sektördeki liderliğine rağmen, son yıllarda İtalya, İspanya ve Amerika Birleşik Devletleri gibi ülkelerden gelen artan rekabet, Türkiye'nin İtalya gibi önemli ithalatçı ülkelerdeki pazar payını tehdit etmektedir. Bu çalışmada, Türkiye'nin 2019'dan 2023'e kadar fındık ihracat performansını incelenmiştir, ilk 10 ithalatçı ülkedeki (İtalya, İspanya, Hollanda, Almanya, Fransa, ABD, Belçika, Polonya, Kanada ve İngiltere) pazar payı eğilimlerine odaklanılmış ve hem İspanya ve Hollanda gibi yeterince nüfuz edilemeyen pazarlardaki büyüme fırsatlarını hem de gerileyen pazarlardaki tehditler belirlenmiştir. Çalışma, trend analizi, karşılaştırmalı değerlendirmeler ve karşılaştırmalı avantaj ve Porter'ın Elmas Modeli gibi teorik çerçeveler aracılığıyla, ihracatçılara ve politika yapıcılara Türkiye'nin küresel rekabet gücünü güçlendirmek için uygulanabilir içgörüler sağlamaktadır. Makroekonomik eğilimleri sıklıkla vurgulayan önceki araştırmaların aksine, bu çalışma fındık ticaretindeki rekabet dinamiklerini anlamada kritik bir boşluğu kapatan ayrıntılı, pazara özgü bir analiz sunmaktadır. Analiz, İtalya gibi ticari olarak baskın bölgelerde küçülen bir pazar payını ortaya koymuştur. İspanya ve Hollanda'daki istikrarlı ancak küçük pazar payları, büyüme için önemli fırsatlar olduğunu göstermektedir. Araştırma, Türkiye'nin küresel fındık sektöründeki liderliğini sürdürmek için pazar çeşitlendirmesi, verim optimizasyonu ve politika desteği gibi stratejik müdahalelere vurgu yapmaktadır.

Kaynakça

  • An, N., Turp, M. T., Türkeş, M., & Kurnaz, M. L. (2020). Mid-term impact of climate change on hazelnut yield. Agriculture, 10(5), 159.
  • Aydoğan, M. (2023). Internal factors affecting competitiveness in agribusinesses: a case study in the hazelnut sector in Ordu and Giresun provinces of Turkey. Erwerbs-obstbau, 65(4), 795-805.
  • Bayramoglu, Z., Ozer, O. O., Gundogmus, E., & Tatlidil, F. F. (2010). The impact of changes in Turkey’s hazelnut policy on world markets. African Journal of Agricultural Research, 5(1), 7-15.
  • Bozdoğan, S., & Kasaba, R. (Eds.). (1997). Rethinking modernity and national identity in Turkey (Vol. 7). University of Washington Press.
  • Erdal, G., Erdal, H., & Esengün, K. (2012). The effects of exchange rate volatility on trade: evidence from Turkish agricultural trade. Applied Economics Letters, 19(3), 297-303.
  • Erdogan, V. (2017, August). Hazelnut production in Turkey: current situation, problems and future prospects. In IX International Congress on Hazelnut 1226 (pp. 13-24).
  • FAO (2024), The food and agricultural organization, https://www.fao.org/home/en/
  • Gönenc, S., Tanrıvermis, H., & Bülbül, M. (2006). Economic assessment of hazelnut production and the importance of supply management approaches in Turkey. Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development in the Tropics and Subtropics (JARTS), 107(1), 19-32.
  • Hatirli, S. A., Ozkan, B., & Fert, C. (2004, August). Competitiveness of Turkish fruits in the world market. In XV International Symposium on Horticultural Economics and Management 655 (pp. 357-364).
  • Hirst, S. J., & Isci, O. (2020). Smokestacks and pipelines: Russian-Turkish relations and the persistence of economic development. Diplomatic History, 44(5), 834-859.
  • Howard, D. A. (2016). The history of Turkey. Bloomsbury Publishing USA.
  • İslam, A. (2018). Hazelnut culture in Turkey. Akademik Ziraat Dergisi, 7(2), 259-266.
  • Metz, H. C. (Ed.). (1996). Turkey: A country study. Washington, DC: Federal Research Division, Library of Congress.
  • Mordorintellingence (2024), Hazelnut Market Size & Share Analysis - Growth Trends & Forecasts (2024-2029), https://www.mordorintelligence.com/
  • OECD (2024), Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, https://www.oecd.org/
  • Öztan, R. H. (2020). The great depression and the making of Turkish-Syrian border, 1921–1939. International Journal of Middle East Studies, 52(2), 311-326.
  • Ruffin, R. (2002). David Ricardo's discovery of comparative advantage. History of political economy, 34(4), 727-748.
  • Trademap (2024), Trade statistics for international business development, https://www.trademap.org/
  • Tridge (2024), The Turkish Hazelnut Market: Prospects in 2023/24 and Beyond, https://www.tridge.com/
  • Uzundumlu, A. S., Kurtoğlu, S., Şerefoğlu, C., & Algur, Z. (2022). The role of Turkey in the world hazelnut production and exporting. Emirates Journal of Food & Agriculture (EJFA), 34(2).
  • Yavuz, F., Birinci, A., Peker, K., & Atsan, T. (2005). Econometric modeling of Turkey's hazelnut sector: Implications on recent policies. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 29(1), 1-7.
  • Yıldırım, Ç., Bozoğlu, M., & Urago, G. G. (2024). Türkiye’s Competitive Power in the World Hazelnut Market. Applied Fruit Science, 1-8.
  • Özekenci, S. Y., & Özaytürk, İ. (2024). Financial Integratıon and Export Association of Türkiye With OECD Countrıes. Marmara University Journal of Economic & Administrative Sciences, 46(1).
  • Bozoğlu, M., Dengiz, O., Başer, U., Turan, İ. D., & Urago, G. G. (2024). Estimation of the Potential Hazelnut Plantation Areas in Türkiye Using a Geographic Information System. Applied Fruit Science, 66(4), 1319-1330.
  • Baki, R. (2023). The evaluation of target markets for hazelnut exports with the classification approach of potential market alternatives. British Food Journal, 125(10), 3540-3552.
  • Yavuz, F., & Ercisli, S. (2006). Outlook for Turkey's hazelnut sector. Outlook on Agriculture, 35(1), 73-78.
Toplam 26 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Uluslararası İşletmecilik, Tarım Ekonomisi
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Mustafa Ergün 0000-0003-1675-0802

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 20 Ekim 2025
Yayımlanma Tarihi 27 Ekim 2025
Gönderilme Tarihi 15 Aralık 2024
Kabul Tarihi 9 Temmuz 2025
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025 Cilt: 10 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

APA Ergün, M. (2025). Assessing Türkiye’s Competitive Position in the Global Hazelnut Trade: Trends, Opportunities, and Strategic Outcomes. Bulletin of Economic Theory and Analysis, 10(3), 1091-1112. https://doi.org/10.25229/beta.1601816

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