KATILIM BANKACILIĞINDA RİSK ALGISI VE FON YÖNETİMİ

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 2, 224 - 251, 27.10.2021

Mustafa Peköz , Samiye Ekim Dertli

https://doi.org/10.38057/bifd.993042

Öz

Bu çalışmada Katılım Bankacılığındaki risk algısı ve fon yönetimi üzerine araştırmalar yapılmış olup ülkemizdeki ve dünyadaki İslami Finans ürünlerinin işleyiş şekilleri ve bu ürünlerin piyasayı fonlama yöntemlerinin bankalarda nasıl bir risk algısı ışığında oluşturulduğu ve bunlar gerçekleşirken fonlama için gerek olan mevduat yönetiminin nasıl yapıldığı konusunda inceleme ve araştırmalara yer verilmiştir.
Konvansiyonel Finans sistemi ile İslami Finans sistemi günümüzde bir çok ülkede aynı bankacılık mevzuatına tabi olsalar da aslında işin gerçek tarafı tamamen farklı bir finans modelidir. İslami Finans sistemin temelinde murabaha sözleşmesi üzerine kurulu yani mal ve hizmet ticaretini içinde barındıran reel piyasayı fonlama üzerine kurulu bir yapıya sahip olan geleneksel bankacılık anlayışından farklı bir finansal sistemdir. Bu yapının İslam Ticaret Hukuk’undaki temel kaideler üzerinde inşa edilmiş tamamen gerçek ticaretin geliştirilmesi mantığı ile hareket eden ve sistemin işlerliği için aynı zamanda kişilerin mevduatları üzerinden fon havuzu oluşturulması bu fonların mal alım satım ticaretinde kullanılarak ticaretten elde edilen kar payından fon müşterilerine verilmesi katılma hesabı dediğimiz ürünlerde muhafaza edilmesi işlemi ise reel piyasayı fonlama işlemlerinin desteklenmesi noktasının merkezi diyebiliriz.
Araştırmalara göre öz kaynak kârlılığının katılım bankalarının likidite yeterliliğini en fazla etkileyen faktör olduğu ve artan öz kaynak kârlılığının likidite yeterliliğini de artırdığı tespit edilmiştir. Katılım Bankalarının kaynaklarını kârlılık oranı yüksek ve sürdürülebilir büyüme imkânı sunan sektörlere yönlendirmesinin faizsiz finans sektörünün gelişimini destekleyeceği değerlendirilmektedir. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre kredilerin mevduat oranındaki yükselişin likidite yeterliliğini azalttığı, reel efektif döviz kurundaki ve bilanço dışı işlemlerdeki yükselişin ise likidite yeterliliğini artırdığı tespit edilmiştir.
Bu çalışmamızda araştırma yöntemleri olarak betimsel,bağıntısal ve nedensel karşılaştırmalı modellere başvurulmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Finans, Banka, Katılım Bankacılığı, Reel Sektör, Risk Yönetimi, Likidite Riski

Destekleyen Kurum

İskenderun Teknik Üniversitesi

Teşekkür

İlk olarak tezli yüksek yapıyor olmanının mutluluğu içerisinde tez savunmasına geçme aşamasındayım.En az bir makalemin bu güzide dergide yayınlanması konusunda destek ve görüşleriniz için teşekkür eder saygılarımı sunarım.

Risk Perception and Fund Management in Participation Banking

Öz

In this study, research has been done on risk perception and fund management in Participation Banking, and there are studies and researches on the functioning of Islamic Finance products in our country or in the world, how these products are formed in the light of risk perception in banks, and how the deposit management required for funding is done. given.
Although the Conventional Finance system and the Islamic Finance system are subject to the same banking legislation in many countries today, the reality is that it is a completely different financial model. It is a different financial system from the traditional banking approach, which is based on the murabaha contract, that is, on funding the real market, which includes the trade of goods and services. This structure is built on the basic principles of Islamic Commercial Law, acting with the logic of developing real trade, and creating a fund pool over the deposits of individuals for the operation of the system, and giving these funds to the fund customers from the profit share obtained from the trade by using these funds in the trade of goods, which we call the participation account. We can say that the process of preserving the products is the center of the support point of real market transactions. According to the researches, it has been determined that the return on equity is the factor that affects the liquidity adequacy of participation banks the most and that the increased return on equity also increases the liquidity adequacy. It is considered that directing the resources of Participation Banks to sectors with high profitability and sustainable growth will support the development of the interest-free finance sector. According to the results of the research, it was determined that the increase in the ratio of loans to deposits decreased the liquidity adequacy, while the increase in the real effective exchange rate and off-balance sheet transactions increased the liquidity adequacy.
Descriptive, correlational and causal comparative models were used as research methods.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Finance, Banking, Participation Banking, Real Sector, Risk Management, Liquidity Risk

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