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Characteristics Of Some Warm Climate Grass Plants Commonly Used In Green Field Plant

Yıl 2023, , 91 - 94, 31.03.2023
https://doi.org/10.30516/bilgesci.1203138

Öz

The aim of this study is to investigate the characteristics of Cynodon, Zoysia and Paspalum genera and species, which are widely used in multi-purpose turf field facilities in temperate climate zones. All of these varieties are defined as warm climate grass. The genus Cynodan includes the most widely used species, especially with its resistance to high temperatures. Compared to other hot climate grass plants, Zoysia is successfully used in the formation of green areas with species that have very good shade tolerance and low temperature tolerance. Paspalum includes species that stand out with their resistance to salinity, drought and oppression, and it is successfully applied in erosion control as well as creating turf fields for different purposes.

Kaynakça

  • Avcioglu, R. (1997). Grass technique, Planting, planting and maintenance of green areas. Ege University Printing House, Izmir.
  • Avcıoğlu, R. (2014). Lawn Planting Maintenance. Ege University Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Field Crops, Ege University Press, Bornova, İzmir, 332.Beard, J. B. (1966). Selected turfgrass variety evaluation: Winterkill and drought tolerance. Michigan Turfgrass Report, 3, 7– 9.
  • Beard, J.B. (1973). Turfgrass: Science and culture. Prentice Hall Inc., Englewood Cliffs, NJ, USA. 658p.
  • Bilgili, U., Zere, S., Yönter, F. (2017). Farklı Azot Dozlarının Bermuda Çimi (Cynodon sp.)’nin Gelişimi ve Çim Kalitesi Üzerine Etkileri. KSÜ Doğa Bil. Derg., 20 (Özel Sayı),52-59.
  • Boyd, J. W. Richardson, M. D., McCalla, J. H. (2003). A Net-planting Technique for Establishing Zoysiagrass from Sprigs. HortTechnology, 13(1), 74-76.
  • Braun, R. (2011). Cultural strategıes toımpro ve Zoysiagrass acceptabılıty and performance in the transıtıon zone. Master dissertation, Kansas State Unıversıty.
  • Christians, N. (2004). Fundamentals of Turfgrass Management. NJ-USA: John Wiley and Sons.
  • Cockerham, S.T., Khan, R.A., Gibeault, V.A. (1998). Kikuyugrass (Pennisetum clandestinum ex. Chiov.) Cultural Practies: I. Response to Nitrogen Fertilization and Sports Traffic, California Turfgrass Culture, Vol. 48, No:3-4, California, USA.
  • Cockerham, S.T. (2008). Culture of Natural Turf Athletic Fields, In: M. Pessarakli (Ed.), Handbook of Turfgrass Management and Physiology, Taylor&Francis Group, Boca Raton, FL,151-167.
  • Duble, L.R. (2013). "The Sports Turf of the South". Turfgrass Specialist, Texas Agricultural Extension Service. Soil and Crop Sciences.
  • Duncan, R.R., Carrow, R.N. (2007). Managing Seashore Paspallını Greens, http://www.gcsaa.org/GCM/2005/feb05/pdfs/Feb05seapaspalum 114-118.pdf,
  • Emmons, R. (2000). Turfgrass Science and Management Third Edition, Delmarpublishers a Division of International Thomson Publishing, Inc, USA.
  • Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). (2012). Coping with water scarcity: An action framework for agriculture and food security (FAO Water Report no. 38). FAO.
  • Geren, H., Avcioglu, R., Curaoglu, M. (2009). Performances of some warm season turfgrasses under Mediterranean conditions, African Journal of Biotechnology, 8(18), Pp:4469-4474.
  • Gibeault, V.A., Meyer, J.L., Autio, R., Strohman, R. (1989). Turfgrass alternatives with low watter needs, California Agriculture 43:6(20-22).
  • Goatley, J.M., Maddox, V., Lang, D.V., Crouse, K.K. (1994). “Tifgreen” Bermudagrass Response to Late Season Application of Nitrogen and Potassium, Agron, J, 86, Pp:7-10.
  • Hubbard, C.E. (1987). Grasses, A Pelican Original 3rd Edition, Penguin Boks, 27 Wrights Lane, London, England, Pp:161.
  • Jones CA (1985). C4 Grassess and Cereals, John Willey ve Sons, Newyork.
  • Levitt, J. (1980). Responses of plants to environmental stresses. Academic Press.
  • Martiniello, P., Andrea, D. (2006). Cool-Season Turf Grass Species Adaptability in Mediterranean Environments and Quality Traits of Varieties, European Journal of Agronomy, Vol. 25, Issue 3, Pp: 234-242.
  • Miele, S., Volterrani, M., Gaetani, M., Grossi, N., Pardini, G. and Chelini, M. (1995) Modificazioni Cromatiche Di Specie Graminacee Da Tappeti Erbosi In Conseguenza Dello Stres Idrıco, Riv. Argon., 29, Pp:152-159.
  • Nelson, L. S., K. D. Getsinger , K. T.Luu (1993). Effect of Chemical Treatments on Bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum) Suppression, Weed Technology, 7(1): 127-133.
  • Ntoulas, N. Nektarios, P. A., Nydrioti, E. (2013). Performance of Zoysia matrella ‘Zeon’’in shallow green roof substrates under moisture deficit conditions. HortScience, 48(7), 929-937.
  • Pessarakli, M., D. M. Kopec (2007). Establishment of three warm-season grasses under salinity stress, Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Turfgrass Science and Management for Sports Fields, Beijing, China, June 24-29, 2007.
  • Salman, A. (2008). Effects of Different Fertilizer Doses on Green Field Performance of Some Cool and Warm Climate Grasses, Ege University, Institute of Science and Technology, Department of Field Crops, İzmir. (Unpublished PhD Thesis), 170s.
  • Taliaferro, C.M. (2003). “Bermudagrass (Cynodon (L.) Rich)”. Turfgrass Biology, Genetics, and Breeding. Editörler: M. D. Casler, ve R. R. Duncan. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken: NJ: USA.
  • Tosun, F. (1974). Legume and Grain Forage Crops Culture Atatürk University Publications No: 242, Faculty of Agriculture Publications No: 123, Textbook Series No: 8, Erzurum.
  • Long, G. (1999). Construction of Grass and Sports Fields in Landscape Architecture. Çukurova University Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Landscape Architecture Assistant Textbook No: D-20. 3rd Edition Adana.
  • Wherley, B. G. Skulkaew, P., Chandra, A., Genovesi, A. D., & Engelke, M. C. (2011). Low-input performance of Zoysiagrass (Zoysia spp.) cultivars maintained under dense tree shade. HortScience, 46(7), 1033-1037.
  • White RO, Moir TR, Cooper. JP. (1975). Grassess in Agriculture, FAO Agricultural Studies, No:42
  • Zhou, S., Abaraha, A. (2007). Response to Heat Stres in Warm Season and Cool Season Turfgrass Cultivars, Scientific Research and Essay, Vol. 2 (4), Pp:95-100.
Yıl 2023, , 91 - 94, 31.03.2023
https://doi.org/10.30516/bilgesci.1203138

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Avcioglu, R. (1997). Grass technique, Planting, planting and maintenance of green areas. Ege University Printing House, Izmir.
  • Avcıoğlu, R. (2014). Lawn Planting Maintenance. Ege University Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Field Crops, Ege University Press, Bornova, İzmir, 332.Beard, J. B. (1966). Selected turfgrass variety evaluation: Winterkill and drought tolerance. Michigan Turfgrass Report, 3, 7– 9.
  • Beard, J.B. (1973). Turfgrass: Science and culture. Prentice Hall Inc., Englewood Cliffs, NJ, USA. 658p.
  • Bilgili, U., Zere, S., Yönter, F. (2017). Farklı Azot Dozlarının Bermuda Çimi (Cynodon sp.)’nin Gelişimi ve Çim Kalitesi Üzerine Etkileri. KSÜ Doğa Bil. Derg., 20 (Özel Sayı),52-59.
  • Boyd, J. W. Richardson, M. D., McCalla, J. H. (2003). A Net-planting Technique for Establishing Zoysiagrass from Sprigs. HortTechnology, 13(1), 74-76.
  • Braun, R. (2011). Cultural strategıes toımpro ve Zoysiagrass acceptabılıty and performance in the transıtıon zone. Master dissertation, Kansas State Unıversıty.
  • Christians, N. (2004). Fundamentals of Turfgrass Management. NJ-USA: John Wiley and Sons.
  • Cockerham, S.T., Khan, R.A., Gibeault, V.A. (1998). Kikuyugrass (Pennisetum clandestinum ex. Chiov.) Cultural Practies: I. Response to Nitrogen Fertilization and Sports Traffic, California Turfgrass Culture, Vol. 48, No:3-4, California, USA.
  • Cockerham, S.T. (2008). Culture of Natural Turf Athletic Fields, In: M. Pessarakli (Ed.), Handbook of Turfgrass Management and Physiology, Taylor&Francis Group, Boca Raton, FL,151-167.
  • Duble, L.R. (2013). "The Sports Turf of the South". Turfgrass Specialist, Texas Agricultural Extension Service. Soil and Crop Sciences.
  • Duncan, R.R., Carrow, R.N. (2007). Managing Seashore Paspallını Greens, http://www.gcsaa.org/GCM/2005/feb05/pdfs/Feb05seapaspalum 114-118.pdf,
  • Emmons, R. (2000). Turfgrass Science and Management Third Edition, Delmarpublishers a Division of International Thomson Publishing, Inc, USA.
  • Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). (2012). Coping with water scarcity: An action framework for agriculture and food security (FAO Water Report no. 38). FAO.
  • Geren, H., Avcioglu, R., Curaoglu, M. (2009). Performances of some warm season turfgrasses under Mediterranean conditions, African Journal of Biotechnology, 8(18), Pp:4469-4474.
  • Gibeault, V.A., Meyer, J.L., Autio, R., Strohman, R. (1989). Turfgrass alternatives with low watter needs, California Agriculture 43:6(20-22).
  • Goatley, J.M., Maddox, V., Lang, D.V., Crouse, K.K. (1994). “Tifgreen” Bermudagrass Response to Late Season Application of Nitrogen and Potassium, Agron, J, 86, Pp:7-10.
  • Hubbard, C.E. (1987). Grasses, A Pelican Original 3rd Edition, Penguin Boks, 27 Wrights Lane, London, England, Pp:161.
  • Jones CA (1985). C4 Grassess and Cereals, John Willey ve Sons, Newyork.
  • Levitt, J. (1980). Responses of plants to environmental stresses. Academic Press.
  • Martiniello, P., Andrea, D. (2006). Cool-Season Turf Grass Species Adaptability in Mediterranean Environments and Quality Traits of Varieties, European Journal of Agronomy, Vol. 25, Issue 3, Pp: 234-242.
  • Miele, S., Volterrani, M., Gaetani, M., Grossi, N., Pardini, G. and Chelini, M. (1995) Modificazioni Cromatiche Di Specie Graminacee Da Tappeti Erbosi In Conseguenza Dello Stres Idrıco, Riv. Argon., 29, Pp:152-159.
  • Nelson, L. S., K. D. Getsinger , K. T.Luu (1993). Effect of Chemical Treatments on Bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum) Suppression, Weed Technology, 7(1): 127-133.
  • Ntoulas, N. Nektarios, P. A., Nydrioti, E. (2013). Performance of Zoysia matrella ‘Zeon’’in shallow green roof substrates under moisture deficit conditions. HortScience, 48(7), 929-937.
  • Pessarakli, M., D. M. Kopec (2007). Establishment of three warm-season grasses under salinity stress, Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Turfgrass Science and Management for Sports Fields, Beijing, China, June 24-29, 2007.
  • Salman, A. (2008). Effects of Different Fertilizer Doses on Green Field Performance of Some Cool and Warm Climate Grasses, Ege University, Institute of Science and Technology, Department of Field Crops, İzmir. (Unpublished PhD Thesis), 170s.
  • Taliaferro, C.M. (2003). “Bermudagrass (Cynodon (L.) Rich)”. Turfgrass Biology, Genetics, and Breeding. Editörler: M. D. Casler, ve R. R. Duncan. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken: NJ: USA.
  • Tosun, F. (1974). Legume and Grain Forage Crops Culture Atatürk University Publications No: 242, Faculty of Agriculture Publications No: 123, Textbook Series No: 8, Erzurum.
  • Long, G. (1999). Construction of Grass and Sports Fields in Landscape Architecture. Çukurova University Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Landscape Architecture Assistant Textbook No: D-20. 3rd Edition Adana.
  • Wherley, B. G. Skulkaew, P., Chandra, A., Genovesi, A. D., & Engelke, M. C. (2011). Low-input performance of Zoysiagrass (Zoysia spp.) cultivars maintained under dense tree shade. HortScience, 46(7), 1033-1037.
  • White RO, Moir TR, Cooper. JP. (1975). Grassess in Agriculture, FAO Agricultural Studies, No:42
  • Zhou, S., Abaraha, A. (2007). Response to Heat Stres in Warm Season and Cool Season Turfgrass Cultivars, Scientific Research and Essay, Vol. 2 (4), Pp:95-100.
Toplam 31 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Mühendislik
Bölüm Derleme
Yazarlar

Selçuk Birer 0000-0002-9030-0167

Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Mart 2023
Kabul Tarihi 10 Mart 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023

Kaynak Göster

APA Birer, S. (2023). Characteristics Of Some Warm Climate Grass Plants Commonly Used In Green Field Plant. Bilge International Journal of Science and Technology Research, 7(1), 91-94. https://doi.org/10.30516/bilgesci.1203138