Unmanned Surface Vehicles Used for Water Quality Monitoring

Öz

Water is an essential element for sustaining life, making the continuous monitoring of aquatic resources a critical task. Advances in technology have paved the way for modern systems that enable water quality monitoring with lower labor requirements and reduced operational time. Unmanned Surface Vehicles (USVs), whether remotely operated or fully autonomous, serve as mobile platforms capable of collecting data from various locations within lakes, rivers, seas, and other water bodies. Their mobility and flexibility provide significant benefits, especially in large-scale or inaccessible regions. This paper reviews USV-based water quality monitoring systems and analyzes the hardware and software components used in their development. The study focuses on microcontrollers, storage units, propulsion and navigation techniques, sensor configurations, positioning systems, and energy management strategies. Furthermore, it examines the design and functionality of control station interfaces utilized for operating USVs and visualizing real-time environmental data.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Autonomous surface vehicles
• Remote control
• Water quality
• Real time monitoring
• Sensors.

Su Kalitesinin İzlenmesi İçin Kullanılan İnsansız Su Üstü Araçları

Öz

Su, yaşamın sürdürülmesi için önemli bir unsurdur ve su kaynaklarının sürekli izlenmesini kritik bir görev haline getirir. Teknolojideki ilerlemeler, daha düşük işçilik gereksinimleri ve daha kısa işletme süresi ile su kalitesinin izlenmesini sağlayan modern sistemlerin yolunu açmıştır. İnsansız Yüzey Araçları (USV'ler), ister uzaktan kumandalı ister tamamen otonom olsun, göller, nehirler, denizler ve diğer su kütleleri içindeki çeşitli konumlardan veri toplayabilen mobil platformlar olarak hizmet eder. Hareketlilikleri ve esneklikleri, özellikle büyük ölçekli veya erişilemeyen bölgelerde önemli faydalar sağlar. Bu makale, USV tabanlı su kalitesi izleme sistemlerini gözden geçirmekte ve bunların geliştirilmesinde kullanılan donanım ve yazılım bileşenlerini analiz etmektedir. Çalışma, mikrodenetleyiciler, depolama birimleri, tahrik ve navigasyon teknikleri, sensör konfigürasyonları, konumlandırma sistemleri ve enerji yönetimi stratejilerine odaklanmaktadır. Ayrıca, USV'leri çalıştırmak ve gerçek zamanlı çevresel verileri görselleştirmek için kullanılan kontrol istasyonu arayüzlerinin tasarımını ve işlevselliğini inceler.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Otonom yüzey araçları
• Uzaktan kumanda
• Su kalitesi
• Gerçek zamanlı izleme
• Sensörler.

Kaynakça

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