Sağlıklı Yaşamda Üzüm ve Üzüm Ürünleri

Öz

Üzümün iyi bir B1, B6 ve C vitamini kaynağı olduğu bilinmektedir. Aynı zamanda Mg, K ve Ca gibi mineraller bakımından zengin olmasına rağmen düşük glisemik indeksi olan olağanüstü bir besindir. Üzümden elde edilen pekmezin, demir anemisini azaltıcı ve engelleyici etkileri bulunmaktadır. İnsanlar besin değerleri, sevdikleri tatlar ve sağlık üzerindeki olumlu etkileri nedeniyle diyetlerine giderek artan oranda üzüm ve üzüm ürünlerini dahil etmektedirler. Bu olumlu etkiler, üzümlerin biyokimyasal yapısında tanımlanan ve esas olarak fenilpropanoidler, izoprenoidler ve alkaloidlerden türetilen 1600'den fazla bileşiğe bağlıdır. Üzüm suyu ve şarap yüksek oranda Fenilpropanoidler olan flavanoidleri ihtiva etmektedir. Üzüm ürünleri içerdikleri flavanoid bileşiklerin potansiyel antioksidan etkisi ile plazmada oksidasyona bağlı DNA hasarını önleyerek antikarsinojenik etkiye sahiptirler. Üzüm çekirdeği, üzüm suyu ve şarapta bulunan bir stilben türevi olan resveratrolün ise anti-mutajenik aktivite göstererek farklı kanser türlerinde tümör oluşumunu engellediği bildirilmiştir. Bunlara ek olarak yapılan çalışmalar, üzüm ürünleri tüketimi ile alınan resveratrolün virüs gelişimi, kötü kolesterol, yüksek tansiyon, kalp krizi riski, Alzheimer, Parkinson, demans ve nörodejenerasyon gibi birçok hastalığı önlediğini belirlemiştir. Sonuç olarak vitamin, mineral ve antioksidan deposu olan üzüm ve üzüm ürünlerinin tüketimi, yaşam kalitesini düşüren ve bazen ölümcül olabilen hastalıkların önlenmesi açısından oldukça faydalı bir alternatif sunmaktadır. Bu çalışma ile de üzüm ve üzüm ürünleri ile bunların fonksiyonel bileşenlerinin, insan beslenmesinde kullanımlarının sağlık yararlarına vurgu yaparak bir incelemesi ortaya konulmaktadır.

Anahtar kelimeler: Üzüm, üzüm ürünleri, sekonder metabolit, polifenoller, sağlık.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• üzüm
• üzüm ürünleri
• sekonder metabolit
• polifenoller
• sağlık

Grape and Grape Products in a Healthy Life

Öz

Grapes are a good source of B1, B6, and C vitamins. It is also an extraordinary food with a low glycemic index despite being rich in minerals such as Mg, K, and Ca. The molasses obtained from grapes has an effect of reducing and preventing iron anemia. People increasingly include grape and grape products in their diets due to their nutritional values, favorite tastes, and positive effects on health. These positive effects are due to more than 1600 compounds describe in the biochemical structure of grapes and derived mainly from phenylpropanoids, isoprenoids, and alkaloids. Flavanoids, which are phenylpropanoids, are found in very high amounts in grape juice and wine. Grape juice and red wine have an anticarcinogenic effect by preventing DNA damage due to oxidation in plasma with the potential antioxidant effect of flavanoid compounds in it. Resveratrol, a stilbene derivative found in grape seed, grape juice, and wine, has been reported to prevent tumor formation in different types of cancer by showing anti-mutagenic activity. However, studies have determined that resveratrol taken with the consumption of grape products or extracts prevents many diseases such as virus development, bad cholesterol, high blood pressure, heart attack risk, Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, dementia, and neurodegeneration. As a result, the consumption of grape and grape products, which are a store of vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants, offers a very useful alternative in terms of preventing diseases that reduce the quality of life and can sometimes be fatal. In this study, the presented a review of grape and grape products and their functional components emphasizing the health benefits of their use in human nutrition.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• grape
• grape product
• secondary metabolite
• polyphenols
• health

Kaynakça

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