Rethinking Eurasian Geopolitics: Assessing Türkiye’s Influence and the Organization of Turkic States’ Impact

Yıl 2024, , 79 - 106, 30.07.2024

Çağatay Özdemir

https://doi.org/10.12995/bilig.11004

Öz

This study examines power shifts in the Eurasian Region in the 21st century using traditional geopolitical approaches. These approaches center on the geographical factors that drive the expansion of borders, considering the control exerted by states over geographical areas. The study uses qualitative research methods to evaluate the position of Türkiye, which has gained an active role in global politics with its developing political and economic power within ever-changing Eurasian geopolitics. Composed of three parts, the study examines geopolitical ruptures in Eurasia during the Cold War. It delves into the areas of dominance held by the United States (U.S.), China, and Russia, which came to the forefront during discussions of the unipolar world order in the international system after the end of the Cold War. Simultaneously, the study explores a shift in actors within the international system, as well as changes among global and regional powers. The focus of the study is on issues such as Türkiye’s political presence, security phenomena, economic developments, energy investments, and diversity in Eurasia, wherein Türkiye’s presence and influence in Eurasia following its position shifting from a regional actor to a global actor, are revealed. While Türkiye’s presence in the region constitutes the main focus of the study, the effect of the Organization of Turkic States on Eurasian geopolitics is also examined.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Eurasia, Türkiye, Geopolitics, Balance of Power, Organization of Turkic States

Etik Beyan

There is no conflict of interest with any institution or person within the scope of this study.

Avrasya Jeopolitiğini Yeniden Düşünmek: Türkiye’nin Nüfuzunu ve Türk Devletleri Teşkilatı’nın Etkisini Değerlendirmek

Öz

Bu çalışmada devletlerin coğrafi alanlar üzerinde denetimiyle, sınırlarının genişlemesi için gerekli olan coğrafi sebepler üzerine odaklanan geleneksel jeopolitik yaklaşımlar merkeze alınarak Avrasya Bölgesinde 20. yy. sonrası yaşanan güç değişimleri incelenmiştir. Çalışmada nitel araştırma yöntemleri kullanılmış, gelişen siyasi ve ekonomik gücüyle küresel siyasette etkin rol kazanan Türkiye’nin
konumunun, değişen Avrasya jeopolitiği içerisinde değerlendirmesi amaçlanmıştır. Üç bölümden oluşan çalışmada Soğuk Savaş döneminde Avrasya’daki jeopolitik kırılmalar, Soğuk Savaşın sona ermesiyle uluslararası sistemde tek kutuplu dünya düzeni tartışmalarıyla öne çıkan Amerika Birleşik Devletleri (ABD) ve Çin ile Rusya’nın Avrasya üzerindeki hâkimiyet alanları ele alınırken aynı zamanda uluslararası sistemdeki aktör değişimleri ile küresel ve bölgesel güçler temellendirilmiş ve bölgesel bir aktör olan Türkiye’nin küresel bir oyuncu olmasıyla Avrasya’daki varlığı ve etki alanı ortaya konulmuş, Türkiye’nin Avrasya’daki siyasal varlığı, güvenlik olguları, ekonomik gelişmeler, enerji yatırımları ve çeşitliliği gibi konulara odaklanılmıştır. Türkiye’nin bölgedeki varlığı çalışmanın ana eksenini oluştururken Türk Devletleri Teşkilatı’nın Avrasya Jeopolitiğine etkileri de incelenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Avrasya, Türkiye, Jeopolitik, Güç Dengesi, Türk Devletleri Teşkilatı

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