Management of Transboundary Rivers: Regional Electricity Trade in the Aral and the Kura-Araks River Basins

Öz

Transboundary river basin management problems have been on top of the agenda of Central Asian politics, especially after the dissolution of the Soviet Union. This issue area has was given priority in the global political-environmental debates since the emergence of the Aral Sea problem during the Soviet era. In contrast, the environmental issues regarding the Kura-Araks river basin were relatively less discussed in the literature and thus have been paid less attention in the global political -environmental debates. This paper compares the environmental and economic issue areas of the water management and hydroelectricity generation in the Kura-Araks river basin and the Aral Sea basin and recommends solutions based on dyad-level regional electricity trade schemes based on regional cooperation models.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Central Asia
• Caucasus
• Aral Sea basin
• Kura-Araks river basin
• transboundary water management
• environment

Havza Yönetiminde Bölgesel Elektrik Ticareti Modeli: Aral ve Kura-Aras Havzaları Üzerine Bir Değerlendirme

Öz

Dünyanın birçok bölgesinde problemli alanların başında gelen sınıraşan nehir havzalarının yönetimi konusu, Sovyet Sosyalist Cumhuriyetler Birliği’nin (SSCB) yıkılmasının ardından Merkezî Asya’da da bölgesel siyasetin önemli gündem maddeleri arasında yer almıştır. Bu sorun alanı, Aral Gölü felaketinin belirginleşmeye başladığı yıllardan itibaren uluslararası çevresel ve siyasî tartışmaların merkezinde yer bulmaya başlamıştır. Kura-Aras havzasını ilgilendiren çevresel ve bölgesel siyasetle alakalı konular ise Aral havzasıyla ilgili tartışmalar kadar literatürde ve uluslararası siyasetin gündeminde yer bulamamıştır. Bu makale, Türk dünyasını içine alan bu önemli ve geniş nehir havzaları temelinde sınıraşan su sistemlerini ilgilendiren temel sorun alanlarını bölgesel bütünleşme kuramları çerçevesinde karşılaştırılmalı olarak ele almakta ve bunlara iktisadî yaklaşımı ve bölgesel elektrik enerjisi ticaretini temel alan çözüm önerileri sunmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Merkezî Asya
• Kafkasya
• Aral havzası
• Kura-Aras havzası
• sınıraşan sular
• çevre

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