IS INSISTING ON SPECIFIC PERFORMANCE UNDER SMART CONTRACTS DESIRABLE? INFLEXIBILITIES OF SMART CONTRACTS AND POTENTIAL SOLUTIONS

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 3 Sayı: 1, 139 - 175, 30.06.2021

Eyup Kun

Öz

Smart contracts, as written by computer code, would secure the performance of the contract. It is believed that this feature of smart contracts is marketed as the solution to traditional contracts, which can be easily breached. The potential benefits of automated performance, such as certainty, would bring benefits to all parties. However, this idea of automated performance would not be desirable all the time. Not allowing for a breach by insisting on the specific performance required by a smart contract would be considered practically and economically inefficient, and which might deter their widespread use. As an illustration of this inflexibility, “efficient breach theory” will be used to prove that insisting on the specific performance of the obligation secured by a smart contract would not be desirable for the contractual parties. After showing this inflexibility, a feasible solution for this concern will be presented within the design of contracts.
Before discussing this issue, in the second section, the definition of smart contracts and, and its potential benefits, will be explained. In the third section, as the main issue, how automated performance can cause inflexibilities, the difficulty of predicting future events, and the impossibility of a breach will be analysed. After detecting these problems, whether the design of a smart contract can help to alleviate these inflexibilities will be discussed.

Anahtar Kelimeler

smart contract, efficient breach theory, specific performance

Akıllı Sözleşmelerde Borcun İfasında Israr Etmek Gerekir mi?: Olası Sorunlar ve Çözüm Önerileri

Öz

Bilgisayar koduyla yazılan akıllı sözleşmeler, sözleşmenin ifasını güvence altına alacaktır. Akıllı sözleşmelerin bu özelliğinin, kolayca ihlal edilebilecek sözleşmelere alternatif olarak önerilmektedir. Sözleşme ifasının teminat altına alınması taraflara öngörülebilirlik ve kesinlik sağlayacaktır. Bununla birlikte, bu otomatik ifa fikri her zaman arzu edilmeyecektir. Akıllı bir sözleşmenin gerektirdiği belirli borcun ifası üzerinde ısrar etmek ve bir ihlale izin vermemek, ekonomik olarak verimsiz kabul edilebilir ve bu da akıllı sözleşmelerin yaygın kullanımlarını caydırabilir. Akıllı
sözleşmede aynen ifa konusunda ısrar etmenin sözleşme tarafları için arzu edilmeyeceğini kanıtlamak için "etkin ihlal teorisi" kullanılacaktır. Bu esnekliği gösterdikten sonra, akıllı sözleşmelerin tasarımında bu sorunun çözümü için uygulanabilir bir çözüm sunulacaktır.
Bu konuyu tartışmadan önce, ikinci bölümde akıllı sözleşmelerin tanımı ve potansiyel faydaları açıklanacaktır. Üçüncü bölümde, ana konu olarak, akıllı sözleşmelerde borcun ifasının otomatik olarak gerçekleşmesindeki olası sorunlar ele alınacak ve gelecekteki olayları tahmin etmenin zorluğu ve bir ihlalin imkansızlığı halleri analiz edilecektir. Bu sorunları tespit ettikten sonra, akıllı bir sözleşmenin tasarımının bu sorunların çözümünde nasıl bir rol olacağı tartışılacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Akıllı Sözleşmeler, Aynen İfa, Hukuk ve Ekonomi Analizi

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