Nörogelişimsel Hastalığı Olan Çocuklarda Duyusal İşlem Bozukluklarının Beslenme Davranışına Etkisi: Mini Bir Derleme

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 3, 707 - 716, 07.12.2024

Nevra Koç , Fatma Kılıç , Fatma Elif Eroğlu

https://doi.org/10.58605/bingolsaglik.1494912

Öz

Çocuklarda yaygın olarak görülen nörogelişimsel hastalıkların önemli semptomlarından birisi de duyusal işlem bozukluğudur. Duyusal işlem bozukluğu, çevresel uyaranlara duyusal olarak yanıt verilmesinde yaşanan aşırı duyarlılık veya kayıtsızlık olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Duyusal işlem bozukluğu özellikle otizm spektrum bozukluğu, dikkat eksikliği ve hiperaktivite bozukluğu gibi nörogelişimsel bozukluklara sahip olan çocukların genel olarak beslenme davranışı ile ilişkilendirilmektedir. Oral, dokunsal ve koku duyularında hipersensitivite/hiposensitivite seçici yeme ve kısıtlı yeme davranışlarının ortaya çıkmasına veya bu davranışların şiddetinin artmasına yol açmaktadır. Seçici yeme davranışı beslenme durumlarını etkileyerek çocuklarda genellikle daha düşük sebze ve meyve, daha fazla doymuş yağ ve basit karbonhidrat tüketimiyle sonuçlanmaktadır. Bu durum çocukların enerji ile makro ve mikro besin ögesi gereksinimlerinin günlük önerilen düzeylerde alınmamasına sebep olmaktadır. Yetersiz ve dengesiz beslenme sonucunda çocuklarda obezite veya malnütrisyon görülebilmektedir. Yapılan son çalışmalarda beslenme davranışını da önemli düzeyde etkileyen duyusal işlem bozuklukları hakkında ebeveynlerin ve sağlık çalışanlarının farkındalığının yeterli düzeyde olmadığı görülmüştür. Nörogelişimsel hastalıkları olan çocuklar beslenme sorunları açısından risk altındadır. Bu bağlamda çocukların beslenme durumu değerlendirilirken duyusal işlem bozukluklarının varlığı, var olan hassasiyet veya kayıtsızlığın besin tüketim durumu üzerindeki etkisi sorgulanmalı ve bu durum çözüm arayışında dikkate alınmalıdır. Bu derlemenin amacı, nörogelişimsel hastalığı olan çocukların duyusal işlem bozuklukları ile ilişkili beslenme davranış sorunlarına dikkat çekerek konuyu güncel literatür ışığında değerlendirmektir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Duyusal İşlem, Nörogelişimsel Hastalık, Beslenme Davranış Bozukluğu.

Kaynakça

• Jorquera-Cabrera S, Romero-Ayuso D, Rodriguez-Gil, G, Triviño-Juárez JM. Assessment of Sensory Processing Characteristics in Children between 3 and 11 Years Old: A Systematic Review. Front Pediatr. 2017; 5-57.
• Shahbazi M, Mirzakhani N. Assessment of sensory processing characteristics in children between 0 and 14 years of age: A systematic review. Iran J Child Neurol. 2021; 15(1):29–46.
• Galiana-Simal A, Vela-Romero M, Romero-Vela VM, Oliver-Tercero N, García-Olmo V, Benito-Castellanos PJ, Muñoz-Martinez V, Beato-Fernandez L. Sensory processing disorder: Key points of a frequent alteration in neurodevelopmental disorders. Cogent Med. 2020; 7(1):1736829.
• Smith B, Rogers SL, Blissett J, Ludlow AK. The relationship between sensory sensitivity, food fussiness and food preferences in children with neurodevelopmental disorders. Appetite. 2020; 150:104643.
• Lane AE, Simpson K, Masi A, Grove R, Moni MA, Montgomery A, Roberts J, Silove N, Whalen O, Whitehouse AO, Eapen V. Patterns of sensory modulation by age and sex in young people on the autism spectrum. Autism Res Off J Int Soc Autism Res. 2022; 15(10):1840–1854.
• Pellegrino R, McNelly C, Luckett, CR. Subjective touch sensitivity leads to behavioral shifts in oral food texture sensitivity and awareness. Scientific Reports. 2021; 11(1): 20237.
• Lucas CC, da Silva Pereira AP, da Silva Almeida L, Beaudry-Bellefeuille, I. Assessment of sensory ıntegration in early childhood: a systematic review to ıdentify tools compatible with family-centred approach and daily routines. J Occup Ther Sch Early Interv. 2023; 1–47.
• Mendive Dubourdieu P, Guerendiain M. Dietary intake, nutritional status and sensory profile in children with autism spectrum disorder and typical development. Nutrients. 2022; 14(10): 2155.
• Zulkifli MN, Kadar M, Hamzaid NH. Weight status and associated risk factors of mealtime behaviours among children with autism spectrum disorder. Children. 2022; 9(7):927.
• Brzóska A, Kazek B, Kozioł K, Kapinos-Gorczyca A, Ferlewicz M, Babraj A, Makosz-Raczek A, Likus W, Paprocka J, Matusik P, Emich-Widera E. Eating Behaviors of Children with Autism-Pilot Study. Nutrients. 2021; 13(8):2687.
• Thorsteinsdottir S, Njardvik U, Bjarnason R, Haraldsson H,Olafsdottir AS. Taste education - A food-based intervention in a school setting, focusing on children with and without neurodevelopmental disorders and their families. A randomized controlled trial. Appetite. 2021; 167:105623.
• Kojovic N, Ben Hadid L, Franchini M, Schaer M. Sensory Processing Issues and Their Association with Social Difficulties in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders. J Clin Med. 2019; 8(10):1508.
• Thorsteinsdottir S, Olafsdottir AS, Traustadottir OU, Njardvik U. Changes in anxiety following taste education ıntervention: Fussy eating children with and without neurodevelopmental disorders. Nutrients. 2023; 15(22): 478.
• Ghanizadeh A. Parents reported oral sensory sensitivity processing and food preference in ADHD. J Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs. 2013; 20(5):426–432.
• Nekitsing C, Hetherington MM, Blundell-Birtill P. Developing healthy food preferences in preschool children through taste exposure, sensory learning, and nutrition education. Curr Obesity Rep. 2018; 7(1):60–67.
• Hielscher L, Irvine K, Ludlow AK, Rogers S, Mengoni, SE.A Scoping Review of the Complementary Feeding Practices and Early Eating Experiences of Children With Down Syndrome. J Pediatr Psychol. 2023; 48(11):914–930.
• Seiverling L, Williams KE, Hendy HM, Adams W, Yusupova S, Kaczor A. Sensory Eating Problems Scale (SEPS) for children: Psychometrics and associations with mealtime problems behaviors. Appetite. 2019; 133:223–230.
• Calisan Kinter R, Ozbaran B, Inal Kaleli I, Kose S, Bildik T, Ghaziuddin M. The sensory profiles, eating behaviors, and quality of life of children with autism spectrum disorder and avoidant/restrictive food ıntake disorder. Psych Quart. 2023; 1-22.
• Harris HA, Micali N, Moll, HA, van Berckelaer-Onnes I, Hillegers M, Jansen PW. The role of food selectivity in the association between child autistic traits and constipation. Int J Eat Disord. 2021; 54(6):981–985.
• Al-Beltagi M, Saeed, NK, Bediwy AS, Elbeltagi R, Alhawamdeh, R. Role of gastrointestinal health in managing children with autism spectrum disorder. World J Clin Pediatr. 2023; 12(4):171–196.
• Valenzuela-Zamora, AF, Ramírez-Valenzuela DG, Ramos-Jiménez A. Food selectivity and ıts ımplications associated with gastrointestinal disorders in children with autism spectrum disorders. Nutrients. 2022; 14(13): 2660.
• Raspini B, Prosperi, M, Guiducci L, Santocchi E, Tancredi R, Calderoni S. Dietary patterns and weight status in ıtalian preschoolers with autism spectrum disorder and typically developing children. Nutrients. 2021; 13(11):4039.
• Plaza-Diaz J, Flores-Rojas K, Torre-Aguilar MJ, Gomez-Fernández AR, Martín-Borreguero P, Perez-Navero JL. Dietary patterns, eating behavior, and nutrient ıntakes of spanish preschool children with autism spectrum disorders. Nutrients. 2021; 13(10):3551.
• Bandini LG. Curtin C, Eliasziw M, Phillips S, Jay L Maslin, Must, A. Food selectivity in a diverse sample of young children with and without intellectual disabilities. Appetite. 2019; 133:433-440.
• Wang, LJ. Yu, YH, Fu, ML, Yeh, WT, Hsu, JL, Yang, YH. Dietary profiles, nutritional biochemistry status, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: path analysis for a case-control study. J Clin Med. 2019; 8(5):709.
• Martins B, Bandarra NM, Figueiredo-Braga M. The role of marine omega-3 in human neurodevelopment, including Autism Spectrum Disorders and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder - a review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2020; 60(9):1431–1446.
• Barragán-Vázquez S, Ariza AC, Ramírez Silva I, Pedraza LS, Rivera Dommarco JA, Ortiz-Panozo E. Pro-inflammatory diet is associated with adiposity during childhood and with adipokines and ınflammatory markers at 11 years in mexican children. Nutrients. 2020; 12(12):3658.
• Nordstrøm M, Retterstøl K, Hope S,Kolset SO. Nutritional challenges in children and adolescents with Down syndrome. The Lancet. Child & Adolescent Health. 2020; 4(6):455–464.
• Salvat H, Mohammadi MN, Molavi P, Mostafavi, SA, Rostami R, Salehinejad MA. Nutrient intake, dietary patterns, and anthropometric variables of children with ADHD in comparison to healthy controls: A case-control study. BMC Pediatr. 2022;22(1):70.
• Turan S, Tunctürk M, Çıray RO, Halaç E, Ermiş Ç. ADHD and risk of childhood adiposity: a review of recent research. Curr Nutr Rep. 2021; 10(1):30–46.
• Sha'ari N, Manaf ZA, Ahmad M, Rahman FN. Nutritional status and feeding problems in pediatric attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder. Pediatr Int Off J Jpn Pediatr Soc. 2017; 59(4):408–415.
• Memiç İnan C, Özfer Özçelik, A. Nutritional Status and Feeding Problems in Pediatric Specific Learning Disability. Clin Pediatr. 2023; 62(9):981–990.
• Siddiqi S, Urooj A, D'Souza, MJ. Dietary patterns and anthropometric measures of ındian children with autism spectrum disorder. Int J Prosthodont. 2019; 49(4):1586–1598.
• Zheng Z, Zhang L, Li S, Zhao F, Wang Y, Huang L, Huang J, Zou R, Qu Y, Mu D. Association among obesity, overweight and autism spectrum disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Sci Rep. 2017; 7(1):11697.