A COLD WAR CONCEPT: DÉTENTE

Öz

In many disciplines of the social sciences, it is thought that at least three factors should be considered in order to make an evaluation about a subject. One of these is the period of the issue or problem being addressed, which can be called the temporal context. Another is the identification and classification of terms that explain this period, which should be approached as conceptual context. Finally, a comparison is expected to be made in order to see the differences and changes in the cause-process-effect axes, which can be called the context of comparison. Considering these three factors, this study aims to focus on the concept of détente, one of the most “popular” concepts of the Cold War, so to speak. For this purpose, the temporal framework is limited to the Cold War period and various approaches to the concept and its reflections in international politics are presented. At the same time, perspectives on the causes, processes and outcomes of the construction of the détente process are presented. Through such a focus, it has been possible to draw attention to the similarities and especially the differences in the way the concept was perceived and applied by the actors during the Cold War.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• The Cold War
• Detente
• USA
• USSR

BİR SOĞUK SAVAŞ KAVRAMI: DÉTENTE

Öz

Sosyal bilimlerin birçok disiplininde bir konu hakkında değerlendirme yapılabilmesi için asgari üç faktöre dikkat edilmesi gerektiği düşünülmektedir. Bunlardan birisi, ele alınan konunun ya da sorunun dönemi ile ilgilidir ki buna zamansal bağlam demek mümkündür. Bir diğeri, bu dönemi açıklayan terimlerin belirlenmesi ve tasnifidir ki buna kavramsal bağlam şeklinde yaklaşmak gerekmektedir. Son olarak ise sebep-süreç-sonuç eksenlerindeki farklılıkları ve değişimleri görebilmek için bir mukayese yapılması beklenmektedir ki buna da karşılaştırma bağlamı denebilmektedir. Bu üç faktörü göz önünde bulundurarak, bu çalışmada, Soğuk Savaş’ın deyim yerindeyse en “popüler” kavramlarından birisi olan détente kavramına odaklanılması amaçlanmıştır. İlgili amaç doğrultusunda, zamansal çerçeve Soğuk Savaş dönemi ekseninde sınırlandırılmıştır ve kavrama yönelik çeşitli yaklaşımlara ve kavramın uluslararası politikadaki yansımalarına yer verilmiştir. Aynı zamanda da détente sürecinin inşa edilmesine yönelik sebeplere, süreçlere ve sonuçlara dair perspektifler sunulmuştur. Böylesi bir odaklanma suretiyle kavramın Soğuk Savaş döneminde aktörler açısından algılanma ve uygulanma biçimleri arasındaki benzerliklere ve özellikle de farklılıklara dikkat çekilmesi mümkün olmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Soğuk Savaş
• Detente
• ABD
• SSCB

Kaynakça

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