BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

A Painful Quest for God The Pre-Conversion Moment of Augustine and Al-Ghazali

Yıl 2012, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 1, 67 - 84, 14.06.2013

Öz

More than six centuries separate the death of Saint Augustine (354-430) and thebirth of Abu Hamid Al-Ghazali (1058-1111). Each of these two 'giants of the spirit' professeda different faith, and struggled with different social and political life. Augustine lived in thefourth and fifth-century Carthage, Rome, Milan and Hippo; Al-Ghazali in the eleventh andtwelfth-century Baghdad, Damascus, Mecca and Tus. But the readers of the spiritual autobiographiesleft behind by Augustine and Al-Ghazali will certainly be amazed to find strikingsimilarities that refl ect a common struggle with the same existential questions about theparadoxes of the human condition and the perpetual search and longing for God. A solidscholarship, a great curiosity and a genuine thirst for certainty were characteristic of bothAugustine and Al-Ghazali. Each of these two seekers of God immersed himself bravely inunfamiliar cultures, bridged different worlds, and subdued whatever he studied to his faith.The process of this cultural digestion did not pass without painful impact on these giantminds, not the least of it is the spiritual restlessness that Augustine and Al-Ghazali hadto struggle with, and to make their way through, with a great difficulty and agony. Thisarticle emphasizes the quest for spiritual certainty in the autobiographies of Augustine andAl-Ghazali, as opposed to the quest for intellectual certainty, commonly associated withthese two seekers of God.

Kaynakça

  • Primary Sources
  • Al-Ghazali, Abu Hamid. 1980. Al-Munqidh Mina Al-Dalal (Deliverance fr om Error) in McCarthy, Richard Joseph.
  • Freedom and Fulfi llment: An Annotated Translation of al-Ghazali's Al-Munqidh Min Al-Dalal and Other Relevant
  • Works of al-Ghazali. Boston: Twayne Publishers.
  • Al-Ghazali, Abu Hamid. 1980. Explaining the Wonders of the Heart, in McCarthy, Freedom and Fulfi llment.
  • Al-Ghazali, Abu Hamid. 1980. Th e Noblest Aim, in McCarthy, Freedom and Fulfi llment.
  • Al-Ghazali, Abu Hamid. 1963. Incoherence of the Philosophers, translated by Sabih Ahmed Kamali. Lahore: Pakistan
  • Philosophical Congress.
  • Al-Ghazali, Abu Hamid, Al-Munqidh Min Al-Dalal (Deliverance fr om Error in Arabic) htt p://www.ghazali.org/
  • works/munqid.doc
  • Chadwick, Henry (tr.). 1991. Saint Augustine Confession: A New Translation by Henry Chadwick. New York:
  • Oxford University Press.
  • Secondary Sources
  • Abdullah, Amin M. 2000. Kant and Ghazali: the Idea of Universality of Ethical Norms, Frankfurt: Landeck.
  • Albertini, Tamara. “Crisis and Certainty of Knowledge in Al-Ghazali (1058-1111) and Descartes (1596-1650)”,
  • Philosophy East and West, January, 2005
  • Bouyges, Mourice. 1959. Essai de Chronologie des Deuvres de Al-Ghazali (Ghazel). Beyrouth : Impremie Catholique.
  • Brown, Peter. 2000. Augustine of Hippo: A Biography. 2nd ed. Berkeley/Los Angeles: University of California
  • Press.
  • Bubacz, Bruce. 1981. St Augustine's Th eory of Knowledge: A Contemporary Analysis. New York/Toronto: Th e
  • Edwin Mellen Press.
  • Farina, Marianne. 2004. Moral goodness and fr iendship with God: Th e moral teachings of Th omas Aquinas and
  • Hamid Al-Ghazali. PhD dissertation, Boston College.
  • Fitzgerald, Allan (ed.). 1999. Augustine through the Ages: an Encyclopedia, Grand Rapids/Cambridge: William B.
  • Eerdmans Publishing Company.
  • Gianott i, Timothy J. 2001. Al-Ghazali's Unspeakable Doctrine of the Soul. Leiden/Boston: Brill.
  • Highland, James A. 1999. Alchemy: the Transformation of the Soul in the Conversion Narratives of Augustine and
  • Ghazzali. PhD dissertation, Southern Illinois University.
  • Leaman, Oliver. 2002. An Introduction to Classical Islamic Philosophy. Cambridge/New York: Cambridge University
  • Press.
  • “Life of St. Augustine of Hippo” in the Catholic Encyclopedia, retrieved on July 29, 2007 from htt p://www.
  • newadvent.org/cathen/02084a.htm
  • Mathews, Gareth. 1992. Th ought's Ego in Augustine and Descartes. Ithaca/London: Cornell University Press.
  • McCabe, Joseph. “Th e Conversion of St. Augustine”, International Journal of Ethics, Vol. 12, No. 4 ( Jul., 1902),
  • pp. 450-459
  • O'Daly, Gerald. 1987. Augustine's Philosophy of Mind. Berkley/Los Angeles: University of California Press.
  • O'Donnel, James. “Works of Augustine,” retrieved August 1, 2007 from htt p://ccat.sas.upenn.edu/jod/twayne/
  • twaynebib.html
  • Peters, F.E. 1986. Aristotle and the Arabs: the Aristotelian Tradition in Islam. New York: New York University
  • Press.
  • Politella, Joseph. “Al-Ghazali And Meister Eckhart; Two Giants of Th e Spirit”, Th e Muslim World, Volume 54
  • Issue 3 Page 180-194, July 1964
  • Watt , Montgomery. 1962. Muslim Intellectual: A study of al-Ghazali. Edinburg: R. & R. Clark Ltd.
  • Watt , Montgomery (tr.). Th e Faith and Practice of Al-Ghazali (an introduction and translation of Al-Ghazali's
  • Al-Munqidh), retrieved on July 27, 2007 from htt p://www.ghazali.org/works/watt 3.htm
  • Zwemer, Samuel M. 1920. A Moslem Seeker aft er God: Showing Islam at Its Best in the Life and Teaching of Al-
  • Ghazali, Mystic and Th eologian of Eleventh Century. New York/Chicago: Fleming H. Revell Company
Yıl 2012, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 1, 67 - 84, 14.06.2013

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Primary Sources
  • Al-Ghazali, Abu Hamid. 1980. Al-Munqidh Mina Al-Dalal (Deliverance fr om Error) in McCarthy, Richard Joseph.
  • Freedom and Fulfi llment: An Annotated Translation of al-Ghazali's Al-Munqidh Min Al-Dalal and Other Relevant
  • Works of al-Ghazali. Boston: Twayne Publishers.
  • Al-Ghazali, Abu Hamid. 1980. Explaining the Wonders of the Heart, in McCarthy, Freedom and Fulfi llment.
  • Al-Ghazali, Abu Hamid. 1980. Th e Noblest Aim, in McCarthy, Freedom and Fulfi llment.
  • Al-Ghazali, Abu Hamid. 1963. Incoherence of the Philosophers, translated by Sabih Ahmed Kamali. Lahore: Pakistan
  • Philosophical Congress.
  • Al-Ghazali, Abu Hamid, Al-Munqidh Min Al-Dalal (Deliverance fr om Error in Arabic) htt p://www.ghazali.org/
  • works/munqid.doc
  • Chadwick, Henry (tr.). 1991. Saint Augustine Confession: A New Translation by Henry Chadwick. New York:
  • Oxford University Press.
  • Secondary Sources
  • Abdullah, Amin M. 2000. Kant and Ghazali: the Idea of Universality of Ethical Norms, Frankfurt: Landeck.
  • Albertini, Tamara. “Crisis and Certainty of Knowledge in Al-Ghazali (1058-1111) and Descartes (1596-1650)”,
  • Philosophy East and West, January, 2005
  • Bouyges, Mourice. 1959. Essai de Chronologie des Deuvres de Al-Ghazali (Ghazel). Beyrouth : Impremie Catholique.
  • Brown, Peter. 2000. Augustine of Hippo: A Biography. 2nd ed. Berkeley/Los Angeles: University of California
  • Press.
  • Bubacz, Bruce. 1981. St Augustine's Th eory of Knowledge: A Contemporary Analysis. New York/Toronto: Th e
  • Edwin Mellen Press.
  • Farina, Marianne. 2004. Moral goodness and fr iendship with God: Th e moral teachings of Th omas Aquinas and
  • Hamid Al-Ghazali. PhD dissertation, Boston College.
  • Fitzgerald, Allan (ed.). 1999. Augustine through the Ages: an Encyclopedia, Grand Rapids/Cambridge: William B.
  • Eerdmans Publishing Company.
  • Gianott i, Timothy J. 2001. Al-Ghazali's Unspeakable Doctrine of the Soul. Leiden/Boston: Brill.
  • Highland, James A. 1999. Alchemy: the Transformation of the Soul in the Conversion Narratives of Augustine and
  • Ghazzali. PhD dissertation, Southern Illinois University.
  • Leaman, Oliver. 2002. An Introduction to Classical Islamic Philosophy. Cambridge/New York: Cambridge University
  • Press.
  • “Life of St. Augustine of Hippo” in the Catholic Encyclopedia, retrieved on July 29, 2007 from htt p://www.
  • newadvent.org/cathen/02084a.htm
  • Mathews, Gareth. 1992. Th ought's Ego in Augustine and Descartes. Ithaca/London: Cornell University Press.
  • McCabe, Joseph. “Th e Conversion of St. Augustine”, International Journal of Ethics, Vol. 12, No. 4 ( Jul., 1902),
  • pp. 450-459
  • O'Daly, Gerald. 1987. Augustine's Philosophy of Mind. Berkley/Los Angeles: University of California Press.
  • O'Donnel, James. “Works of Augustine,” retrieved August 1, 2007 from htt p://ccat.sas.upenn.edu/jod/twayne/
  • twaynebib.html
  • Peters, F.E. 1986. Aristotle and the Arabs: the Aristotelian Tradition in Islam. New York: New York University
  • Press.
  • Politella, Joseph. “Al-Ghazali And Meister Eckhart; Two Giants of Th e Spirit”, Th e Muslim World, Volume 54
  • Issue 3 Page 180-194, July 1964
  • Watt , Montgomery. 1962. Muslim Intellectual: A study of al-Ghazali. Edinburg: R. & R. Clark Ltd.
  • Watt , Montgomery (tr.). Th e Faith and Practice of Al-Ghazali (an introduction and translation of Al-Ghazali's
  • Al-Munqidh), retrieved on July 27, 2007 from htt p://www.ghazali.org/works/watt 3.htm
  • Zwemer, Samuel M. 1920. A Moslem Seeker aft er God: Showing Islam at Its Best in the Life and Teaching of Al-
  • Ghazali, Mystic and Th eologian of Eleventh Century. New York/Chicago: Fleming H. Revell Company
Toplam 47 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Mohamed El-moctar El-shınqıtı Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 14 Haziran 2013
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2012 Cilt: 2 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA El-shınqıtı, M. E.-m. (2013). A Painful Quest for God The Pre-Conversion Moment of Augustine and Al-Ghazali. Birey Ve Toplum Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 2(1), 67-84.
AMA El-shınqıtı MEm. A Painful Quest for God The Pre-Conversion Moment of Augustine and Al-Ghazali. Birey ve Toplum Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi. Haziran 2013;2(1):67-84.
Chicago El-shınqıtı, Mohamed El-moctar. “A Painful Quest for God The Pre-Conversion Moment of Augustine and Al-Ghazali”. Birey Ve Toplum Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi 2, sy. 1 (Haziran 2013): 67-84.
EndNote El-shınqıtı ME-m (01 Haziran 2013) A Painful Quest for God The Pre-Conversion Moment of Augustine and Al-Ghazali. Birey ve Toplum Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi 2 1 67–84.
IEEE M. E.-m. El-shınqıtı, “A Painful Quest for God The Pre-Conversion Moment of Augustine and Al-Ghazali”, Birey ve Toplum Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, c. 2, sy. 1, ss. 67–84, 2013.
ISNAD El-shınqıtı, Mohamed El-moctar. “A Painful Quest for God The Pre-Conversion Moment of Augustine and Al-Ghazali”. Birey ve Toplum Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi 2/1 (Haziran 2013), 67-84.
JAMA El-shınqıtı ME-m. A Painful Quest for God The Pre-Conversion Moment of Augustine and Al-Ghazali. Birey ve Toplum Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi. 2013;2:67–84.
MLA El-shınqıtı, Mohamed El-moctar. “A Painful Quest for God The Pre-Conversion Moment of Augustine and Al-Ghazali”. Birey Ve Toplum Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, c. 2, sy. 1, 2013, ss. 67-84.
Vancouver El-shınqıtı ME-m. A Painful Quest for God The Pre-Conversion Moment of Augustine and Al-Ghazali. Birey ve Toplum Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi. 2013;2(1):67-84.

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