Türkiye’de Longidoridae ve Trichodoridae familyalarına bağlı nematod türlerinin konukçularına ilişkin yeni veriler
Yıl 2023,
, 5 - 16, 31.10.2023
Lerzan Öztürk
,
Tohid Behmand
,
Atilla Öcal
,
Gürkan Güvenç Avcı
,
İbrahim Halil Elekcioğlu
Öz
Bu çalışmada, Trakya Bölgesi tarım alanlarında Longidoridae ve Trichodoridae familyalarına ait nematod türlerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma 2015-2022 yılları arasında gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu amaçla, meyve, sebze, bağ ve orman alanlarından toprak örnekleri alınmıştır. Xiphinema, Longidorus ve Trichodorus'a ait 11 nematod türü, 28 bitkinin rizosferi etrafındaki topraklardan elde edilmiştir. Tanımlanan türler arasında Xiphinema pachtaicum (26 bitki), X. turcicum (asma bitkisi), X. pyrenaicum (asma bitkisinin ve incir rizosferi), X.ingens (asma bitkisi), X. italiae (asma ve zeytin bitkisi), X. index (9 bitki), X. diversicaudatum (asma bitkisi), X. opisthohysterum (asma bitkisi), Longidorus elongatus (4 bitki), L. attenuatus (zeytin ve asma bitkisi) ve Tirichodorus similis (asma ve ceviz) yer almaktadır. Saptanan 22 bitkinin tamamı, Türkiye'deki Longidoridae ve Trikodoridae familyalarına bağlı nematodlar için yeni kayıt durumundadır. Bu makale ayrıca ülkemizde teşhis edilmiş Xiphinema spp., Longidorus spp. ve Trichodorus spp. için bilgiler de içermektedir.
Teşekkür
Merhaba
Trakya Bölgesinde 7 yıl boyunca farklı bitkilerde çalışma yürüttük ve nematod türlerini teşhis ettik. Çalışmamızın sonuçlarını yayın haline getirdik ve derginiz uygun gördüğü taktirde yayınlamak istiyoruz
Teşekkürler
Kaynakça
- Aballay E., Persson P., Martensson A., 2009. Plant-parasitic nematodes in Chilean vineyards. Nematropica, 39, 85-97.
- Arınç Y., 1982. Research on occurrence, distribution and host range of Xiphinema spp. associated with grapevines in Aegean Region. İzmir Directorate of Agriculture Quarantine Research Series, 41, 83 pp.
- Arias M., Fresno J., 1994. Agroecological characterization of Xiphinema index in Spain. Bulletin OEPP/EPPO Bulletin, 24, 403-411. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2338.1994.tb01397.x.
- Arias M.,Escuer M., Cobacho A.S., Bello A., 2005. Distribution of Xiphinema pyrenaicum Dalmasso, 1969 with notes on X. aceri Chizhov, Tiev & Turkina, 1986 (Nematoda: Longidoridae). Nematology, 7, 45-51. 10.1163/1568541054192144.
- Astier S., Albouy J., Maury Y., Lecoq H., 2001. Principes de virologie végétale. INRA, Paris, France.
- Avgelis D., Tzortzkakis E.A., 1997. Occurrence and distribution of Xiphinema species and grape Fanleaf nepovirus in vineyards of the Greek Island of Samos. Journal of Nematologia Mediterranea, 25 (2),177-182.
- Baujard P., Luc M., Loof P.A.A., 1996. Xiphinema pyrenaicum Dalmasso, 1964 and its synonyms (Nematoda: Longidoridae). Fundamental and Applied Nematology, 19, 293-296.
- Behmand T., Elekcioğlu N.Z., Berger J., Can C., Elekcioğlu İ.H., 2019. Determination of plant parasitic nematodes associated with chickpea in Turkey. Turkish Journal of Entomology, 43 (4), 357-366. doi: 10.16970/entoted.578081
- Bleyer G., Kassemeyer H.H., 1993. Investigations on the occurrence of the nematode genera Xiphinema, Longidorus, and Paralongidorus in vineyards of Baden-Württemberg (Germany), p. 118. In: P. Gugerli (ed.), Extended Abstracts 11th Meeting ICVG, Montreux, Switzerland. Federal Agricultural Research Station of Changins, CH-1260 Nyon, Switzerland.
- Bontă (Groza) M., Lazarova S., Roşca I., Peneva V., 2013. New data on the morphology and distribution of two species of the Xiphinema americanum group (Nematoda: Dorylaimida) from Romania. Scientific Papers Series A Agronomy, 56, 513-519 .
- Brown D.J.F., Boag B., 1988. An examination of methods used to extract virus-vector nematodes (Nematoda: Longidoridae and Trichodoridae) from soil samples. Nematologia Mediterranea, 16, 93-99.
- Brown D.J.F., Halbrendt J.M., Jones A.T., Vrain T.C., Robbins R.T., 1994. Transmission of three North American nepoviruses by populations of four distinct species of the Xiphinema americanum group. Phytopathology, 84, 646–649. doi: 10.1094/Phyto-84-646
- Chizhov V.N.,. Pridannikov M.V., Peneva V., Subbotin S., 2014. Morphological and molecular characterization of the Saratov population of the European dagger nematode, Xiphinema diversicaudatum (Nematoda: Dorylaimida), with notes on the phylogeography of the species. Nematology, 16, 847-862. 10.1163/15685411-00002813
- Coiro M., Agostinelli A., 1991. The development of juvenile stages of Xiphinema index (Nematoda: Dorylamida) on Vitis vinifera. Revue de Nematologie, 14 (1),181-182.
- Das S., Raski D.J., 1969. Effect of grapevine fanleaf virus on the reproduction and survival of its nematode vector, Xiphinema index Thorne & Allen. Journal of Nematology, 1, 107-110.
- Decraemer W., Baujard P., 1998. A polytomous key for the identification of species of the family Trichodoridae Thorne, 1935 (Nematoda: Triplonchida). Fundamental and Applied Nematology, 21, 37-62.
- De Klerk C.A., Loubser J.T., 1988. Relationship between grapevine roots and soil-borne pests. In: The grapevine root and its environment. J.L. van Zyl, (ed.). South African Department of Agriculture and Water Supply, pp 88-105.
- Demangeat G., Komar V., Van-Ghelder C., Voisin R., Lemaire O., Esmenjaud D., Fuchs M., 2010. Transmission competency of single-female Xiphinema index lines for grapevine fanleaf virus. Phytopathology, 100, 384-389. doi: 10.1094/PHYTO-100-4-0384
- Elekcioğlu İ.H., 1992. Untersuchungen zum Auftreten and zur Verbreitung Phytoparasitaerer Nematoden in den landwirtschaftlichen Hauptkulturen des ostmediterranen Gebietes der Türkei. Plits, 10 (5), 120 p.
- Gangl H., Leitner G., Hack C., Tiefenbrunner W., 2009. Rebschädigende viren, bakterien und bodenbürtige vektoren im Nordburgenland. Mitteilungen Klosterneuburg, , 59 (3), 134-143.
- Goodey J.B., Peacock F.C., Pitcher R.S., 1960. A redescription of Xiphinema diversicaudatum (Micoletzky, 1923 & 1927) Thorne, 1939 and observations on its larval stages. Nematologica, 5, 127-135.
- Gülçur F., 1974. Toprağın fiziksel ve kimyasal analiz metodları. İstanbul Üniversitesi Orman Fakültesi Yayınları, Yayın no: 201,, Kutulmuş, İstanbul, 225 p..
- Hanna E., Digiaro M., Elbeaino T., Choueiri E., Jawhar J., Martelli G.P., 2008. Incidence of viruses and nematode vectors in Lebanese vineyards. Journal of Phytopathology, 156 (5), 304-310. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0434.2007.01336.x.
- Harrison B.D., Winslow R.D., 1961. Laboratory and field studies on the relation of arabis mosaic virus to its nematode vector Xiphinema diversicaudatum (Micoletzky). Annals Applied of Biology, 49 (4), 621-633.
- Imren M., Elekcioğlu İ.H., 2008. Determination of plant parasitic nematodes in vegetable, wheat and grapevine fields in Diyarbakır province. Çukurova University, Institute of Natural and Applied Sciences Journal, 17, 2, 116-121.
- Jenkins W.R., 1964. Rapid centrifugal-flotation technique for separating nematodes from soil. Plant Disease Reporter, 48, 692.
- Karakaş M., 2013. Population density of dagger nematode, Xiphinema index (Dorylaimida: Longidoridae) in vineyards in Manisa, Turkey. Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Institute of Natural and Applied Sciences 4 (2), 8-12. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/makufebed/issue/19420/206535.
- Kasapoğlu Uludamar E.B., Yıldız Ş., İmren M., Öcal A., Elekçioğlu İ.H., 2018. Occurrence of plant parasitic nematode species in important crops in the Southeast Anatolia Region of Turkey. Turkish Journal of Entomology, 42 (1), 63-74. doi: 10.16970/entoted.359616
- Kepenekci İ., 2014. A new genus Trichodorus Cobb (stubby root nematode) (Triplonchida: Trichodoridae) and a preliminary list of virus vector nematodes associated in Turkey. Munis Entomology & Zoology, 9 (1), 227-244.
- Kepenekci İ, Toktay H, Evlice E (2014). Plant parasitic and virus vector nematodes associated with vineyards in the Central Anatolia Region of Turkey. Pakistan J. Zool. 46 (3):866-870.
- Kumari S., Decraemer W., 2007. The genus Longidorus (Nematoda: Longidoridae) from Bohemia and South Moravia in the rhizosphere of fruit orchards and vineyards. Helminthologia, 44 (4), 193-203. https://doi.org/10.2478/s11687-007-0031-7
- Lamberti F., Choleva B., Agostinelli A., 1983. Longidoridae from Bulgaria (Nematoda, Dorylaimida) with descriptions of three new species of Longidorus and two new species of Xiphinema. Nematologia Mediterranea, 11, 49-72.
- Lazarova S., Peneva V., Kumari S., 2016. Morphological and molecular characterization and phylogenetic position of X. browni sp. n., X. penevi sp. n. and two known species of Xiphinema americanum-group (Nematoda, Longidoridae). ZooKeys, 574, 1-42. 10.3897/zookeys.574.8037
- Loof P.A.A., Luc M.A., 1990. A revised polytomous key for the identification of species of the genus Xiphinema Coob, 1913 (Nematoda: Longidoridae) with exclusion of the X. americanum group. Systematic Parasitology, 16, 35-66.
- Martelli G.P., Cohn E., Dalmasso A., 1966. A redescription of Xiphinema italiae Meyl, 1953 and its relationship to Xiphinema arenarium Luc et Dalmasso, 1963 and Xiphinema conurum Siddiqi, 1964. Nematologica, 12, 183-194.
- Meza P., Aballay E., Hinrichsen P., 2011. Molecular and morphological characterization of species within the Xiphinema americanum-group (Dorylaimida: Longidoridae) from the central valley of Chile. Nematology, 13 (3), 295-306. https://doi.org/10.1163/138855410X518498
- Mirzaei S., Pourjam E., Pedram M., 2015. Molecular characterization of and new data on, two populations of Xiphinema ingens Luc & Dalmasso, 1964 (Nematoda: Longidoridae) from Iran. Nematology, 17 (2),125-138. https://doi.org/10.1163/15685411-00002858
- Mistanoğlu İ., Kaşkavalcı G., Devran Z., 2015. Identification of the economically important plant parasitic nematodes in vineyards areas of İzmir and Manisa provinces by morphological and molecular techniques. Turkish Journal of Entomology, 39 (3), 297-309. https://doi.org/10.16970/ted.65336
- Öztürk L., Avci G.G., Behmand T., Elekcioğlu H.I., 2017. "Incidence of viruses and vector nematodes in Thrace vineyards, Turkey." International Journal of Agriculture and Environmental Research, 3 (6), 4078-4089.
- Öztürk G., Enneli S., 1994. Distribution of plant parasitic nematodes in alfalfa-growing areas in Central Anatolia Region of Turkey. Proceedings of 9th Congress of the Mediterranean Phytopathological Union, Kuşadası, Aydın, Türkiye, 537-538.
- Peneva V.K., Urek G., Lazarova S., Šırca S., Knapıč M., Elshishka M., Brown D.J.F., 2012. Longidoridae and nepoviruses in Bulgaria and Slovenia. Helminthologia, 49 (1), 49-56. https://doi.org/10.2478/s11687-012-0008-z
- Rubio M., Martínez-Gómez P., Marais A., Sánchez-Navarro J.A., Pallás V., Candresse T., 2017. Recent advances and prospects in Prunus virology. Annals of Applied Biology, 171, 125-138. doi: 10.1111/aab.12371
- Seinhorst J.W., 1959. A rapid method for the transfer of nematodes from fixative to anhydrous glycerin. Nematologica, 4 (1), 67-69.
- Seinhorst J.W., 1963. A redescription of the male of Trichodorus primitivus (de Man), and the description of a new species T. similis. Nematologica, 9, 125-130. https://doi.org/10.1163/187529263X00232
- Šırca S., Urek G., 2009. Morphological and molecular characterization of six Longidorus species (Nematoda: Longidoridae) from Slovenia. Russian Journal of Nematology, 17 (2), 95–105.
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- Tzortzakakis E.A., Peneva V., Brown D.J.F., Avgelis A.D., 2008. A literature review on the occurrence of nematodes of the family Longidoridae in Greece. Nematologia Mediterranea, 36 (2), 153-156.
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- Yıldız S., Handoo Z.A., Carta L.K., Skantar A.M., Chitwood D.J., 2012. A survey of plant-parasitic nematodes associated with forage crops in Bingol, Turkey. Nematologia Mediterranea, 40 (1), 73-77.
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New data on plant hosts of Longidoridae and Trichodoridae nematodes in Türkiye
Yıl 2023,
, 5 - 16, 31.10.2023
Lerzan Öztürk
,
Tohid Behmand
,
Atilla Öcal
,
Gürkan Güvenç Avcı
,
İbrahim Halil Elekcioğlu
Öz
In this study, it was aimed to determine nematode species belonging to Longidoridae and Trichodoridae families in agricultural areas of the Thrace Region. The study was carried out between 2015-2022. For this purpose, soil samples were collected from fruit, vegetable, vineyard, and forest areas. Eleven nematode species belonging to Xiphinema, Longidorus, and Trichodorus were obtained from soils around the rhizosphere of 28 plants. Identified species include Xiphinema pachtaicum (26 plants), X. turcicum (grapevine), X. pyrenaicum (grapevine and fig), X.ingens (grapevine), X. italiae (grapevine and olive), X. index (nine plants), X. diversicaudatum (grapevine and fig), X. opisthohysterum (grapevine), Longidorus elongatus (four plants), L. attenuatus (olive and grapevine) and Trichodorus similis (grapevine and walnut). All 22 plants are a new record for nematodes of the Longidoridae and Trichodoridae families in Turkey. This article also includes information generated on a national scale for Xiphinema spp., Longidorus spp., and Trichodorus spp. being identified in Türkiye.
Kaynakça
- Aballay E., Persson P., Martensson A., 2009. Plant-parasitic nematodes in Chilean vineyards. Nematropica, 39, 85-97.
- Arınç Y., 1982. Research on occurrence, distribution and host range of Xiphinema spp. associated with grapevines in Aegean Region. İzmir Directorate of Agriculture Quarantine Research Series, 41, 83 pp.
- Arias M., Fresno J., 1994. Agroecological characterization of Xiphinema index in Spain. Bulletin OEPP/EPPO Bulletin, 24, 403-411. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2338.1994.tb01397.x.
- Arias M.,Escuer M., Cobacho A.S., Bello A., 2005. Distribution of Xiphinema pyrenaicum Dalmasso, 1969 with notes on X. aceri Chizhov, Tiev & Turkina, 1986 (Nematoda: Longidoridae). Nematology, 7, 45-51. 10.1163/1568541054192144.
- Astier S., Albouy J., Maury Y., Lecoq H., 2001. Principes de virologie végétale. INRA, Paris, France.
- Avgelis D., Tzortzkakis E.A., 1997. Occurrence and distribution of Xiphinema species and grape Fanleaf nepovirus in vineyards of the Greek Island of Samos. Journal of Nematologia Mediterranea, 25 (2),177-182.
- Baujard P., Luc M., Loof P.A.A., 1996. Xiphinema pyrenaicum Dalmasso, 1964 and its synonyms (Nematoda: Longidoridae). Fundamental and Applied Nematology, 19, 293-296.
- Behmand T., Elekcioğlu N.Z., Berger J., Can C., Elekcioğlu İ.H., 2019. Determination of plant parasitic nematodes associated with chickpea in Turkey. Turkish Journal of Entomology, 43 (4), 357-366. doi: 10.16970/entoted.578081
- Bleyer G., Kassemeyer H.H., 1993. Investigations on the occurrence of the nematode genera Xiphinema, Longidorus, and Paralongidorus in vineyards of Baden-Württemberg (Germany), p. 118. In: P. Gugerli (ed.), Extended Abstracts 11th Meeting ICVG, Montreux, Switzerland. Federal Agricultural Research Station of Changins, CH-1260 Nyon, Switzerland.
- Bontă (Groza) M., Lazarova S., Roşca I., Peneva V., 2013. New data on the morphology and distribution of two species of the Xiphinema americanum group (Nematoda: Dorylaimida) from Romania. Scientific Papers Series A Agronomy, 56, 513-519 .
- Brown D.J.F., Boag B., 1988. An examination of methods used to extract virus-vector nematodes (Nematoda: Longidoridae and Trichodoridae) from soil samples. Nematologia Mediterranea, 16, 93-99.
- Brown D.J.F., Halbrendt J.M., Jones A.T., Vrain T.C., Robbins R.T., 1994. Transmission of three North American nepoviruses by populations of four distinct species of the Xiphinema americanum group. Phytopathology, 84, 646–649. doi: 10.1094/Phyto-84-646
- Chizhov V.N.,. Pridannikov M.V., Peneva V., Subbotin S., 2014. Morphological and molecular characterization of the Saratov population of the European dagger nematode, Xiphinema diversicaudatum (Nematoda: Dorylaimida), with notes on the phylogeography of the species. Nematology, 16, 847-862. 10.1163/15685411-00002813
- Coiro M., Agostinelli A., 1991. The development of juvenile stages of Xiphinema index (Nematoda: Dorylamida) on Vitis vinifera. Revue de Nematologie, 14 (1),181-182.
- Das S., Raski D.J., 1969. Effect of grapevine fanleaf virus on the reproduction and survival of its nematode vector, Xiphinema index Thorne & Allen. Journal of Nematology, 1, 107-110.
- Decraemer W., Baujard P., 1998. A polytomous key for the identification of species of the family Trichodoridae Thorne, 1935 (Nematoda: Triplonchida). Fundamental and Applied Nematology, 21, 37-62.
- De Klerk C.A., Loubser J.T., 1988. Relationship between grapevine roots and soil-borne pests. In: The grapevine root and its environment. J.L. van Zyl, (ed.). South African Department of Agriculture and Water Supply, pp 88-105.
- Demangeat G., Komar V., Van-Ghelder C., Voisin R., Lemaire O., Esmenjaud D., Fuchs M., 2010. Transmission competency of single-female Xiphinema index lines for grapevine fanleaf virus. Phytopathology, 100, 384-389. doi: 10.1094/PHYTO-100-4-0384
- Elekcioğlu İ.H., 1992. Untersuchungen zum Auftreten and zur Verbreitung Phytoparasitaerer Nematoden in den landwirtschaftlichen Hauptkulturen des ostmediterranen Gebietes der Türkei. Plits, 10 (5), 120 p.
- Gangl H., Leitner G., Hack C., Tiefenbrunner W., 2009. Rebschädigende viren, bakterien und bodenbürtige vektoren im Nordburgenland. Mitteilungen Klosterneuburg, , 59 (3), 134-143.
- Goodey J.B., Peacock F.C., Pitcher R.S., 1960. A redescription of Xiphinema diversicaudatum (Micoletzky, 1923 & 1927) Thorne, 1939 and observations on its larval stages. Nematologica, 5, 127-135.
- Gülçur F., 1974. Toprağın fiziksel ve kimyasal analiz metodları. İstanbul Üniversitesi Orman Fakültesi Yayınları, Yayın no: 201,, Kutulmuş, İstanbul, 225 p..
- Hanna E., Digiaro M., Elbeaino T., Choueiri E., Jawhar J., Martelli G.P., 2008. Incidence of viruses and nematode vectors in Lebanese vineyards. Journal of Phytopathology, 156 (5), 304-310. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0434.2007.01336.x.
- Harrison B.D., Winslow R.D., 1961. Laboratory and field studies on the relation of arabis mosaic virus to its nematode vector Xiphinema diversicaudatum (Micoletzky). Annals Applied of Biology, 49 (4), 621-633.
- Imren M., Elekcioğlu İ.H., 2008. Determination of plant parasitic nematodes in vegetable, wheat and grapevine fields in Diyarbakır province. Çukurova University, Institute of Natural and Applied Sciences Journal, 17, 2, 116-121.
- Jenkins W.R., 1964. Rapid centrifugal-flotation technique for separating nematodes from soil. Plant Disease Reporter, 48, 692.
- Karakaş M., 2013. Population density of dagger nematode, Xiphinema index (Dorylaimida: Longidoridae) in vineyards in Manisa, Turkey. Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Institute of Natural and Applied Sciences 4 (2), 8-12. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/makufebed/issue/19420/206535.
- Kasapoğlu Uludamar E.B., Yıldız Ş., İmren M., Öcal A., Elekçioğlu İ.H., 2018. Occurrence of plant parasitic nematode species in important crops in the Southeast Anatolia Region of Turkey. Turkish Journal of Entomology, 42 (1), 63-74. doi: 10.16970/entoted.359616
- Kepenekci İ., 2014. A new genus Trichodorus Cobb (stubby root nematode) (Triplonchida: Trichodoridae) and a preliminary list of virus vector nematodes associated in Turkey. Munis Entomology & Zoology, 9 (1), 227-244.
- Kepenekci İ, Toktay H, Evlice E (2014). Plant parasitic and virus vector nematodes associated with vineyards in the Central Anatolia Region of Turkey. Pakistan J. Zool. 46 (3):866-870.
- Kumari S., Decraemer W., 2007. The genus Longidorus (Nematoda: Longidoridae) from Bohemia and South Moravia in the rhizosphere of fruit orchards and vineyards. Helminthologia, 44 (4), 193-203. https://doi.org/10.2478/s11687-007-0031-7
- Lamberti F., Choleva B., Agostinelli A., 1983. Longidoridae from Bulgaria (Nematoda, Dorylaimida) with descriptions of three new species of Longidorus and two new species of Xiphinema. Nematologia Mediterranea, 11, 49-72.
- Lazarova S., Peneva V., Kumari S., 2016. Morphological and molecular characterization and phylogenetic position of X. browni sp. n., X. penevi sp. n. and two known species of Xiphinema americanum-group (Nematoda, Longidoridae). ZooKeys, 574, 1-42. 10.3897/zookeys.574.8037
- Loof P.A.A., Luc M.A., 1990. A revised polytomous key for the identification of species of the genus Xiphinema Coob, 1913 (Nematoda: Longidoridae) with exclusion of the X. americanum group. Systematic Parasitology, 16, 35-66.
- Martelli G.P., Cohn E., Dalmasso A., 1966. A redescription of Xiphinema italiae Meyl, 1953 and its relationship to Xiphinema arenarium Luc et Dalmasso, 1963 and Xiphinema conurum Siddiqi, 1964. Nematologica, 12, 183-194.
- Meza P., Aballay E., Hinrichsen P., 2011. Molecular and morphological characterization of species within the Xiphinema americanum-group (Dorylaimida: Longidoridae) from the central valley of Chile. Nematology, 13 (3), 295-306. https://doi.org/10.1163/138855410X518498
- Mirzaei S., Pourjam E., Pedram M., 2015. Molecular characterization of and new data on, two populations of Xiphinema ingens Luc & Dalmasso, 1964 (Nematoda: Longidoridae) from Iran. Nematology, 17 (2),125-138. https://doi.org/10.1163/15685411-00002858
- Mistanoğlu İ., Kaşkavalcı G., Devran Z., 2015. Identification of the economically important plant parasitic nematodes in vineyards areas of İzmir and Manisa provinces by morphological and molecular techniques. Turkish Journal of Entomology, 39 (3), 297-309. https://doi.org/10.16970/ted.65336
- Öztürk L., Avci G.G., Behmand T., Elekcioğlu H.I., 2017. "Incidence of viruses and vector nematodes in Thrace vineyards, Turkey." International Journal of Agriculture and Environmental Research, 3 (6), 4078-4089.
- Öztürk G., Enneli S., 1994. Distribution of plant parasitic nematodes in alfalfa-growing areas in Central Anatolia Region of Turkey. Proceedings of 9th Congress of the Mediterranean Phytopathological Union, Kuşadası, Aydın, Türkiye, 537-538.
- Peneva V.K., Urek G., Lazarova S., Šırca S., Knapıč M., Elshishka M., Brown D.J.F., 2012. Longidoridae and nepoviruses in Bulgaria and Slovenia. Helminthologia, 49 (1), 49-56. https://doi.org/10.2478/s11687-012-0008-z
- Rubio M., Martínez-Gómez P., Marais A., Sánchez-Navarro J.A., Pallás V., Candresse T., 2017. Recent advances and prospects in Prunus virology. Annals of Applied Biology, 171, 125-138. doi: 10.1111/aab.12371
- Seinhorst J.W., 1959. A rapid method for the transfer of nematodes from fixative to anhydrous glycerin. Nematologica, 4 (1), 67-69.
- Seinhorst J.W., 1963. A redescription of the male of Trichodorus primitivus (de Man), and the description of a new species T. similis. Nematologica, 9, 125-130. https://doi.org/10.1163/187529263X00232
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