An updated data on bionomics of walnut weevil, Alcidodes porrectirostris Marshal (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) under laboratory conditions and its extent of damage in Juglans regia (L.) of the Kashmir valley, India

Abstract

Walnut is one of the most important fruits, which has been defined as a "Superfood" in recent years. It is infected by a wide array of insect pests. Among these pests, the walnut weevil is a destructive one. Its adults feed on flowers and buds while its larvae feed inside the fruits and are extremely destructive in causing premature dropping. We report two generations of walnut weevil in a year and only a single larva per fruit. Adults emerge from the soil in April and feed on walnut leaf buds, petioles of leaves, and floral buds. Adult females lay 1-2 eggs on fruits, mainly in May and early June, hatch in 4.9±0.74 (SD) days and 4.5±0.97 days in the first and second generations. They develop through three instars and the total developmental time lies in the range of 46-55 days (49.1±2.51). The adults of the second generation undergo overwintering to avoid harsh environmental conditions. Comprehension of biology, life cycles, and the nature of damage aids in keeping track of specific insect pests at the proper time.

Keywords

• nut
• walnut weevil
• life cycle
• rearing
• extent of damage

Ceviz kurdu, Alcidodes porrectirostris Marshal (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)'nin laboratuvar koşulları altında biyonomisi ve Hindistan'ın Keşmir vadisinde Juglans regia'daki (L.) zarar derecesi hakkında güncellenmiş veri

Öz

Ceviz, son yıllarda “Süper gıda” olarak tanımlanan en önemli meyvelerden biridir. Çok çeşitli böcek zararlıları tarafından enfekte edilir. Bu zararlılardan birisi de ceviz kurdudur. Erginleri çiçeklerle ve tomurcuklarla beslenirken, larvaları meyvelerin içinden beslenir ve erken döküme neden olarak son derece zarar verir. Ceviz kurdunun yılda iki döl verdiği ve meyve başına sadece tek bir larva bulunduğu belirlenmiştir. Erginler, nisan ayında topraktan çıkar ve ceviz yaprağının tomurcukları, yaprak sapları ve çiçek tomurcukları ile beslenir. Ergin dişiler özellikle mayıs ve haziran ayı başında meyvelere 1-2 yumurta bırakır, birinci dölde 4.9±0.74 (SD) günde, ikinci dölde ise 4.5±0.97 günde yumurtadan çıkarlar. Üç dönem boyunca gelişirler ve toplam gelişim süresi 46-55 gün (49.1±2.51) aralığındadır. İkinci dölün erginleri, sert çevre koşullarından kaçınmak için kışlamaya girerek kışı geçirirler. Biyolojisinin, hayat çemberi ve hasar durumunun anlaşılması, belirli böcek zararlılarının uygun zamanda takip edilmesine yardımcı olacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• fındık
• ceviz kurdu
• yaşam döngüsü
• yetiştirme
• zararın boyutu

Kaynakça

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