Nane yaprağı ekstresi ve nane yağının Kırmızı un böceği Tribolium castaneum (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) üzerindeki etkisi

Öz

Kırmızı un böceği Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) depolanan tahılların ve gıda ürünlerinin hem kalitesini hem de miktarını etkileyen olumsuz bir faktör olarak dikkate değer bir öneme sahiptir. Bu çalışmada, kırmızı un böceği zararlısını çevre dostu doğal materyaller kullanarak kontrol etme olasılığını araştırmak amacıyla, nane yağı ve alkollü (metanolik) nane ekstraktının Kırmızı un böceğinin farklı aşamalarına karşı etkinliğini değerlendirmek üzere bir dizi laboratuvar deneyi yapılmıştır. Bu çalışmanın sonuçlarına göre, %8, %10 ve %12’lik konsantrasyonlardaki nane Mentha piperita L. (Lamiaceae) yağının uygulamalarının, tüm dozlarda Kırmızı un böceği mortalitesi üzerine önemli bir etkiye sahip olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Sprey yöntemiyle yapılan uygulama sonucu ölüm oranı üçüncü larva döneminde %36'dan %80'e, ergin evrede ise %40'tan %94'e çıkmıştır. Nane yaprağı metanol ekstraktının en yüksek konsantrasyonda (13000 ppm) uygulanması, 7 günlük uygulama sonrası larva ölümlerinin %87'ye varan oranda artmasına neden olmuştur. Nane yağı, özellikle en yüksek konsantrasyonda (%12) uygulandığında, kırmızı un böceğinin üçüncü dönem larvalarına karşı önemli insektisidal etki göstermiştir. Ancak, nane uçucu yağının %8 ve %10'luk daha düşük konsantrasyonları kontrole göre önemli bir farklılık ortaya çıkarmamıştır. Bu çalışmanın sonuçları, Kırmızı un böceğine verilen yemde nane yağı arttıkça larva ölüm oranının arttığını, özellikle %12'lik en yüksek konsantrasyonda, 3. dönem larvalarda %82 ve yetişkinlerde %95 ölüm oranı kaydettiğini gösterdi. Bu çalışma, Kırmızı un böceğinin (T. castaneum) kontrolünde çevre dostu bir ürün olarak nane esansiyel yağının nispeten düşük konsantrasyonlarda kullanılmasının mümkün olabileceğini ortaya koymuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• esansiyel yağı
• nane
• metanolik ekstraktlar
• Tribolium castaneum
• kırmızı un böceği

Effect of peppermint leaf extract and peppermint oil on the flour beetle Tribolium castaneum (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)

Abstract

The red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), is among the global storage pests that lead to the deterioration of grains and stored products. A series of laboratory experiments were conducted to evaluate the efficiency of different concentrations of Mentha piperita L. (Lamiaceae) oil and leaf methanol extracts against the rust-red flour beetle in the different instars. The results of the present study showed that the mint, M. piperita, oil treatments at all concentrations used (8%, 10%, or 12%) were significantly effective, resulting in remarkable individual mortality of T. castaneum third instar larvae and adult mortality compared to the treatment of the peppermint methanol leaf extract at the highest concentration. Peppermint oil showed insecticidal effect against the third instar larvae of the red flour beetle, especially where sprayed at the highest concentration of 12%. The post-treatment results after seventh days showed 94% adult mortality and 82% mortality in the third instar of larvae. This study confirmed the possibility of using mint essential oil at relatively low concentrations as environmentally friendly product in controlling the rust-red flour beetle T. castaneum.

Keywords

• essential oil
• Mentha piperita
• methanolic extract
• red flour beetle
• Tribolium castaneum

Kaynakça

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