Türkiye’nin Kırşehir İlinde Kabakgil Virüslerinin Tespiti ve Yaygınlığı

Yıl 2026, Cilt: 66 Sayı: 1 , 26 - 38 , 31.03.2026

Ayşe Çandar , Alim Aydın , Ayşe Nur Şavkan , Ramazan Güngör , Hakan Başak

https://doi.org/10.16955/bitkorb.1781775

https://izlik.org/JA95CG49NS

Öz

Bu çalışmada Kırşehir ili kabakgil üretim alanlarında virüs hastalıklarının durumunun ve yaygınlığının belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. 2023 yılı üretim döneminde kabakgil üretiminin yoğun olarak yapıldığı Kırşehir’in Merkez, Kaman ve Mucur ilçelerinde sörveyler yapılmış ve bölgeden virüs benzeri belirtiler gösteren bitkilerden toplam 149 adet kabak, hıyar ve kavun yaprak örnekleri toplanmıştır. Yaprak örnekleri yaygın sebze virüslerinden olan - Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), Tomato mosaic virus (ToMV), Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), Zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV) ve Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) enfeksiyonları açısından DAS-ELISA yöntemiyle test edilmiştir.
Elde edilen bulgulara göre Kırşehir ili kabakgil üretim alanlarında CMV, TSWV ve ToMV en yaygın virüsler olup sırasıyla %52.3, %26.2 ve %24.2 oranında saptanmıştır. Kabakgil bitkilerinde TMV ve ZYMV ise daha düşük oranda belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca örneklerin %28.9’unda araştırılan virüslerin ikili, üçlü ve dörtlü karışık enfeksiyonları belirlenmiştir. Kabakgil bitkilerine virüs enfeksiyonlarının verdiği zararlar değerlendirildiğinde, kabak yapraklarına en fazla zararı TMV+TSWV karışık enfeksiyonunun, hıyar yapraklarına TSWV’nin ve kavun yapraklarına ise CMV’nin verdiği gözlenmiştir.
Sonuçlar araştırılan 5 virüsün Kırşehir kabakgil üretim alanlarında oldukça yaygın olduğunu ve üretimi ciddi oranda sınırlandırabileceğini göstermiştir. Kırşehir açısından ilk kez ortaya koyulan bu bulgular, bölgedeki kabakgil üretiminde virüs kaynaklı verim ve kalite kayıplarının azaltılması için temiz tohumluk kullanımı, entegre hastalık yönetimi, yetiştiricilikte dayanıklı/toleranslı çeşit kullanımı ve vektör kontrolünün önemini vurgulamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) , DAS-ELISA , Kabakgil virüsleri , Tomato mosaic virus (ToMV) , Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) , Zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV)

Proje Numarası

PLT.SERA.23.001

Detection and Incidence of Cucurbit Viruses in Kırşehir Province, Türkiye

https://izlik.org/JA95CG49NS

Öz

This study aimed to determine the status and prevalence of viral diseases in cucurbit production areas in Kırşehir province. During the 2023 production season, surveys were conducted in the districts of Center, Kaman, and Mucur in Kırşehir, where cucurbit production is intensive, and a total of 149 squash, pumpkin, cucumber, and melon leaf samples were collected from plants exhibiting virus-like symptoms in the region. Leaf samples were tested for the common vegetable viruses Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), Tomato mosaic virus (ToMV), Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), Zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV), and Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) using the DAS-ELISA method.
According to the results obtained, CMV, TSWV, and ToMV are the most common viruses in cucurbit production areas of Kırşehir province, detected at rates of 52.3%, 26.2%, and 24.2%, respectively. TMV and ZYMV have been detected at lower rates in cucurbit plants. In addition, mixed infections involving double, triple, and quadruple infections of the viruses studied were identified in 28.9% of the samples. When assessing the damage caused by viral infections to cucurbit plants, it was observed that the most damage to squash and pumpkin leaves were caused by mixed TMV+TSWV infections, to cucumber leaves by TSWV, and to melon leaves by CMV.
The results showed that the five viruses studied are quite widespread in the cucurbit production areas of Kırşehir and could significantly limit production. These findings, presented for the first time in Kırşehir, emphasize the importance of using healthy propagation materials, integrated disease management, resistant/tolerant varieties in cultivation, and vector control to reduce virus-induced yield and quality losses in cucurbit production in the region.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) , Cucurbit viruses , DAS-ELISA , Tomato mosaic virus (ToMV) , Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) , Zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV)

Destekleyen Kurum

This study was supported by Pilot Agriculture and Geothermal Coordination Unit with project number PLT.SERA.23.001 as a sub-project of the “Clustering Project in Thermal Greenhouses”. In addition, the R&D greenhouse laboratory in the infrastructure of Geothermal Advanced Greenhouse Technologies and Production Techniques Collaborative Application and Research Center (JISTUAM) was used in the project.

Proje Numarası

PLT.SERA.23.001

Kaynakça

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