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Bio-ecology of the harmful leafhopper Zyginidia sohrab Zachvatkin, 1947 (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) in maize fields of the Central Anatolia Region
Öz
Leafhoppers damage plants by piercing and sucking leaf tissues. Among the leafhopper species occurring in Central Anatolia, Zyginidia sohrab (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) is the most widespread and abundant species. This study was conducted under natural field conditions during the 2021 and 2022 growing seasons to investigate the bioecology of Z. sohrab in maize production areas. Z. sohrab overwinters as an adult and begins to emerge from overwintering sites in the last week of April as temperatures increase. Following emergence, adults feed for approximately 1–1.5 months on barley, wheat, and weeds growing along field margins. They subsequently migrate to maize fields in late May or early June when plants reach the 2–4 leaf stage. Under the climatic conditions of the region, Z. sohrab completes two generations annually on maize. Although the incubation period varied with temperature, eggs hatched within 1–2 weeks, and the five nymphal instars were completed in approximately 16 days before adult emergence. Second generation adults dispersed from maize fields to weeds along field margins following plant senescence or the harvest of silage maize and subsequently entered overwintering sites as temperatures declined. The pre-oviposition, oviposition, and post-oviposition periods were approximately one week, one month, and 15 days, respectively. The sex ratio of Z. sohrab was female-biased. Adults emerging from overwintering remained on maize plants for approximately 120 days in both years, whereas first- and second-generation adults were present for 130 and 60 days, respectively.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Destekleyen Kurum
DIRECTORATE OF PLANT PROTECTION CENTRAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE
Proje Numarası
TAGEM/BSAD/B/21/A2/P1/5393
Etik Beyan
Dear Managing Editor,
We would like to apply to the Plant Protection Bulletin for our publication entitled “Bio-Ecology of the Leafhopper Zyginidia sohrab Zachvatkın, 1947 (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) in Maize Fields of Central Anatolia Region” written by Mehmet ÇULCU and Avni UĞUR in the relevant field indicated below. The field of study of your article is:
(x) Biological, ecological, physiological, epidemiological, taxonomic studies of harmful and beneficial organisms
( ) Methods of controlling diseases, pests and weeds that cause damage to plants and plant products,
( ) Plant protection products
( ) Resistance and durability, residues, toxicology and formulations of pesticides
( ) Agricultural pest control machinery
We believe that our findings may be of interest to the readers of the Plant Protection Bulletin. We confirm that this is an original study and has not been presented or published elsewhere before.
All of these authors have made significant contributions to the final article and have approved it. All authors are aware of the order of authorship, and no further changes to authorship will be made after submission, except those previously authorized by the editor-in-chief.
We declare that there are no conflicts of interest regarding this manuscript.
Furthermore, the manuscript meets all applicable standards regarding experimental and research ethics, and there are no conditions of duplicate publication, fraud, plagiarism, or animal or human experimentation.
Thank you for your attention,
Sincerely,
Corresponding author (Mehmet ÇULCU)
Teşekkür
The study entitled “Investigations on the Bio-Ecology of the Harmful Leafhopper Zyginidia sohrab Zachvatkin, 1947 (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) in Maize Fields of the Central Anatolia Region” was supported by the General Directorate of Agricultural Research and Policies of the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry under Project No. TAGEM/BSAD/B/21/A2/P1/5393. I would like to express my gratitude for the support provided by the institution
I extend my deepest gratitude and respect to my advisor, Prof. Dr. Avni UĞUR, for his meticulous guidance, dedicated support, patience, and invaluable assistance at every stage of my thesis. I also express my sincere thanks to my esteemed professors, Prof. Dr. Selma ÜLGENTÜRK, Prof. Dr. Emine DEMİR ÖZDEN, Prof. Dr. Mevlüt EMEKCİ, and Assoc. Prof. Dr. Işıl ÖZDEMİR, for their valuable insights, contributions, and continuous support throughout my work. I would like to thank Dr. Numan Ertuğrul BABAROĞLU, who stood by me at every stage of my research and provided continual assistance, as well as the institute administration for their support. I am also grateful to Dr. Mümtaz ÖZKAN, Assoc. Prof. Dr. Mustafa ÖZDEMİR, and Orhan BÜYÜK for their help at various stages of the study. My thanks also go to Selda UMAR for her assistance in the identification of Zyginidia sohrab. I am further thankful to the intern students and field workers who supported me during my field studies.
Kaynakça
- Anonymous, 2009. Hububat Zararlıları Zirai Mücadele Teknik Talimatları. Sayfa No: 53.
- Atmaca A., Mamay, M., Mutlu Ç., 2021. Population dynamics and parasitism rate of leafhopper species (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) in maize (Zea mays L.) crop. World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews, 12(2), 448-457. DOI: 10.30574/wjarr.2021.12.2.0609
- Çulcu M., Özkan M., Babaroğlu N., Akci E., Özdemir N., Özdemir I., Yazıcı G., Özden E. D., Umar S., Coral D., Diler H., Öntepeli F., Bal N., Kodan M., Yalçın F., 2022. İç Anadolu Bölgesi Mısır Alanlarında Bulunan Zararlılar ile Bunların Parazitoit ve Predatörlerinin Yaygınlık ve Yoğunluklarının Belirlenmesi. Sonuç raporu.
- Huapu, Z., Jianye, X., Yunfeng, W., 2008. Effects of three host plants on the development and fecundity of Psammotettix striatus L. Journal of Northwest Sci-Tech University of Agriculture and Forestry, 36(10), 163-167.
- Jabbar A., 1974. Bioecology and control of Zyginidia guyumi (Ahmed) (Typhlocybinae: Homoptera) a pest of wheat and maize in West Pakistan. University of Karachi/ Department of Zoology, 272 s.
- Kalkandelen A., 1974. Orta Anadolu’da Homoptera: Cicadellidae türlerinin taksonomileri üzerine araştırmalar. Zirai Mücadele ve Karantina Genel Müdürlüğü, Araştırma Eserleri Serisi, Ankara, 221 s.
- Kansu, Ş.A., 2000. Genel entomoloji. Ankara Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Yayınları, Ankara, 428 s.
- Kavut H. 1990. Ege Bölgesi’nde ikinci ürün mısır ekim alanlarında görülen hastalık, zararlı, yabancıotlar ve bunların doğal düşmanları üzerinde araştırmalar. Bornova Zirai Mücadele Araştırma Enstitüsü KKGA-B-03-E-029 nolu araştırma projesi sonuç raporu (unpublished).
Ayrıntılar
Birincil Dil
İngilizce
Konular
Tarımda Entomoloji
Bölüm
Araştırma Makalesi
Yayımlanma Tarihi
30 Eylül 2026
Gönderilme Tarihi
16 Aralık 2025
Kabul Tarihi
26 Ağustos 2026
Yayımlandığı Sayı
Yıl 2026 Cilt: 66 Sayı: 3
APA
Çulcu, M., & Uğur, A. (2026). Bio-ecology of the harmful leafhopper Zyginidia sohrab Zachvatkin, 1947 (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) in maize fields of the Central Anatolia Region. Plant Protection Bulletin, 66(3), 245-255. https://doi.org/10.16955/bitkorb.1841836
AMA
1.Çulcu M, Uğur A. Bio-ecology of the harmful leafhopper Zyginidia sohrab Zachvatkin, 1947 (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) in maize fields of the Central Anatolia Region. Plant Protection Bulletin. 2026;66(3):245-255. doi:10.16955/bitkorb.1841836
Chicago
Çulcu, Mehmet, ve Avni Uğur. 2026. “Bio-ecology of the harmful leafhopper Zyginidia sohrab Zachvatkin, 1947 (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) in maize fields of the Central Anatolia Region”. Plant Protection Bulletin 66 (3): 245-55. https://doi.org/10.16955/bitkorb.1841836.
EndNote
Çulcu M, Uğur A (01 Eylül 2026) Bio-ecology of the harmful leafhopper Zyginidia sohrab Zachvatkin, 1947 (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) in maize fields of the Central Anatolia Region. Plant Protection Bulletin 66 3 245–255.
IEEE
[1]M. Çulcu ve A. Uğur, “Bio-ecology of the harmful leafhopper Zyginidia sohrab Zachvatkin, 1947 (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) in maize fields of the Central Anatolia Region”, Plant Protection Bulletin, c. 66, sy 3, ss. 245–255, Eyl. 2026, doi: 10.16955/bitkorb.1841836.
ISNAD
Çulcu, Mehmet - Uğur, Avni. “Bio-ecology of the harmful leafhopper Zyginidia sohrab Zachvatkin, 1947 (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) in maize fields of the Central Anatolia Region”. Plant Protection Bulletin 66/3 (01 Eylül 2026): 245-255. https://doi.org/10.16955/bitkorb.1841836.
JAMA
1.Çulcu M, Uğur A. Bio-ecology of the harmful leafhopper Zyginidia sohrab Zachvatkin, 1947 (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) in maize fields of the Central Anatolia Region. Plant Protection Bulletin. 2026;66:245–255.
MLA
Çulcu, Mehmet, ve Avni Uğur. “Bio-ecology of the harmful leafhopper Zyginidia sohrab Zachvatkin, 1947 (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) in maize fields of the Central Anatolia Region”. Plant Protection Bulletin, c. 66, sy 3, Eylül 2026, ss. 245-5, doi:10.16955/bitkorb.1841836.
Vancouver
1.Mehmet Çulcu, Avni Uğur. Bio-ecology of the harmful leafhopper Zyginidia sohrab Zachvatkin, 1947 (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) in maize fields of the Central Anatolia Region. Plant Protection Bulletin. 01 Eylül 2026;66(3):245-5. doi:10.16955/bitkorb.1841836
