Fumigant effect of trans-anethole and carbon dioxide mixture against to Rhyzopertha dominica, Tribolium castaneum and Sitophilus oryzae

Öz

In this study, fumigant activity of trans-anethole and carbon dioxide (CO₂) mixtures were tested against stored grain insect, Rhyzopertha dominica (Col.: Bostrichidae), Tribolium castaneum (Col.: Tenebrionidae), and Sitophilus oryzae (Col.: Curculionidae). Rhyzopertha dominica and S. oryzae were most sensitive insects to fumigant trans-anethole and CO₂. Dose-response bioassay was carried out on the R. dominica and S. oryzae. As a result, R. dominica and S. oryzae were most sensitive insects to the mixture of trans-anethole and CO₂. Moreover, mixture of trans-anethole and CO₂ (1.5 ml/l + 60% CO₂) caused rapid mortality (100%) at the end of the 24 h gave 100% mortality for all insects. LC₅₀ values of trans-anethole were calculated 1.414 ml/l and 1.272 ml/l for the S. oryzae and R. dominica, respectively. These results indicate that the mixtures of trans-anethole and CO₂ have a great potential as a fumigant in the management of R. dominica, S. oryzae, and T. castaneum.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Fumigant effect,essential oil,synergism,stored product pests

Trans-anethole ve karbondioksit karışımının Rhyzopertha dominica, Tribolium castaneum ve Sitophilus oryzae’ye karşı fümigant etkisi

Öz

Bu çalışmada depolanmış hububat zararlısı olan Rhyzopertha dominica (Col.: Bostrichidea), Tribolium castaneum (Col.: Tenebrionidae) ve Sitophilus oryzae (Col.: Curculionidae)’ye karşı farklı oranlarda karışım halinde hazırlanan trans-anethole ve karbondioksit (CO₂) karışımlarının etkisi araştırılmıştır. Doz-etki denemeleri, ümit var sonuçların alındığı R. dominica ve S. oryzae’ye karşı yürütülmüştür. Denemeler sonucunda trans-anethole ve CO₂ karışımının %60 orantılı nem, 25 ^oC sıcaklık ve 24 saat süre sonunda R. dominica, T. castaneum ve S. oryzae için mutlak ölümü sağlayan dozun 1.5 ml/l trans-anethole ile %60 CO₂ karışımı olduğu belirlenmiştir. Doz etki denemelerinde trans-anethol’ün LC₅₀ değeri S. oryzae için 1.414 ml/l olurken, R. dominica için 1.272 ml/l olarak hesaplanmıştır. Çalışma sonuçları trans-anethole ve CO₂ karışımının R. dominica, S. oryzae ve T. castaneum’un mücadelesinde potansiyel bir fümigant etkisi olduğunu göstermiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Fümigant etki,uçucu yağ,sinerjizm,depolanmış ürün zararlıları

Kaynakça

1. Adler, C., Ojimelukwe P. and Leon, A. T., 2000. Utilisation of phytochemicals against stored product insects integrated protection of stored products. IOBC Bulletin, 23 (10), 169-175.
2. Annis, P. C., 1987. Towards rational controlled atmosphere dosage schedules: a review of current knowledge. In Proceedings of the 4th International Working Conference on Stored-Products Protection, eds. E. Donahaye and S. Navarro, pp. 128-148. Tel Aviv, Israel.
3. Athie, I., Gomes, R.A.R., Bolonhezi, S., Valentini, S.R.T. and De Castro, M.F.P.M., 1998. Effects of carbon dioxide and phosphine mixtures on resistant populations of stored grain insects. Journal of Stored Product Research, 1, 27-32.
4. Benhalima, H., Chaudhry, M.Q., Mills, K.A. and Price, N.R., 2004. Phosphine resistance in stored-product insects collected from various grain storage facilities in Morocco. Journal of Strored Product Research, 40 (3), 241-249.
5. Bond, E.J., 1984. Manual of fumigation for insect control. FAO Plant Production and Protection Paper 54.
6. Çakır, C., 1992. Investigations on the fungitoxic potentials of some plants occuring in Antalya. M.S. Thesis, Akdeniz University, Antalya.
7. Desmarchelier, J.M., 1984. Effect of carbon dioxide on the efficacy of phosphine against different stored product insects. Mitteilungen aus der Biolodischen Bundesanstalt fur Land-und Forstwirtschaft, Berlin-Dahlam. 57 p.
8. Donahaye, E.J. and Messer, E., 1992. Reduction in grain storage losses of small-scale farmers in tropical countries. Research Report RR-91-7, The Allan Shawn Feinstein World hunger Program, Brown University, USA, 19 p.

9. Ebadollahi, A., 2011. Susceptibility of Two Sitophilus species (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) to Essential Oils from Foeniculum vulgare and Satureja hortensis. Ecologia Balkanica, 3(2), 1-8.
10. Emekci, M., Ferizli, A.G., Tütüncü, S. and Navarro, S., 2004. The efficacy of modified atmosphere applications against dried fruit pests in Turkey. IOBC WPRS (OILB SROP) Integrated Protection of Stored Products, 27(9) 227–231.
11. Erler, F., 2000. Bitki Kökenli Bileşiklerin Böcek Ve Akarlarla Mücadelede Kullanılma Potansiyeli Üzerinde Araştırmalar. Doktora Tezi, Akdeniz Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Ens.120s.
12. Evans, D.E., 1987. Stored products In Integrated Pest Management: Burn, A.J., Coaker, T.H., Jepson, P.C. (Editors), The Michigan University, Academic press, s. 421-426.
13. Gözek, N., 2007. Bitkisel kökenli sarımsak ve soğan uçucu yağlarının ve bazı aktif bileşenlerinin kırma un biti (Tribolium confusum du Val.)’nin gelişme dönemlerine karşı fumigant etkisi. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Ens.46 s.
14. Ho, S.H., 2000. Response of Tribolium castaneum and Sitophilus zeamais to potential fumigants derived from essential oils of spices. Proceedings of the International Conference on Controlled Atmosphere and Fumigation in Stored Products, Fresno, CA. 29 Oct. - 3 Nov. 2000, Executive Printing Services, Clovis,CA, U.S.A. pp. 119–124.
15. Huang, Y., Xing, C.S. and Hung, H.S., 2000. Bioactivities of methyl allyl disulfide and diallyl trisulfide from essential oil of garlic to two species of stored-product pests, Sitophilus zeamais (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) and Tribolium castaneum (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 93:537–543.
16. Karakoç Ö.C., Gökçe, A. and Telci, İ., 2006. Bazı bitki uçucu yağlarının Sitophilus oryzae L.,Sitophilus granarius L. (Col.: Curculionidae) ve Acanthoscelides obtectus Say. (Col.:Bruchidae)’a karşı fumigant etkileri. Türkiye Entomoloji Dergisi, 30 (2): 123-135.
17. Kashi, K.P. and Bond, E.J., 1975. The toxic action of phosphine: Role of carbon dioxide on the toxicity of phosphine to Sitophilus granarius (L.) and Tribolium confusum DuVal. Journal of Stored Products Research, 11 (1), 9-15.
18. Li, C., 2012. Research on One Kind of Essential Oil Against Drugstore Beetle Stegobium paniceum (L.), Integrated Pest Management and Pest Control - Current and Future Tactics, Dr. Sonia Soloneski (Ed.), ISBN: 978-953-51-0050-8, InTech,
19. Mann, D.D., Jayas D.S., White N.D.G. and Muir W.E., 1999. Mortality of adult Cryptolestes ferrugineus (Stephens) exposed to changing CO2 concentrations. Journal of Stored Products Research 35(4), 385-395.
20. McKenzie, J.D. and Goldman, R., 2005. The student guide to MINITAB release 14. Pearson Education.
21. Mondal, M. and Khalequzzaman, M., 2010. Toxicity of naturally occurring compounds of plant essential oil against Tribolium castaneum (Herbst). J. Biol. Sciences, 10: 10-17.
22. Mueller, D.K., 1998. A new method of using low levels of phosphine in combination with heat and carbon dioxide. In: Stored Grain in Australia. Proceedings of the Australian Postharvest Technical Conference, Canberra 26-29 May 1998. 123-125.
23. Pimentel, M.A.G, Faroni, L.R.D.’A, Silva, F.H.D., Batista, M.D. and Guedes, R.N.C., 2010. Spread of Phosphine Resistance among Brazilian Populations of Three Species of Stored Product Insects. Neotropical Entomology, 39(1):101-107.
24. Rajendranraj, S. and Muthu, M., 1989. The toxic action of phosphine in combination with some alkyl halide fumigants and carbon dioxide against the eggs of Tribolium castaneum Herbst (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae). Journal of Stored Product Reseach, 25, 225-230.
25. Sabio, G., Navarro, S., Donahaye, J.E., Rindner, M., Azrieli, A. and Dias, R., 2001. Control Of Ephestia cautella with low levels of methyl bromide and carbo dioxide gas mixtures. Proceedings International Conference Controlled Atmosphere and Fumigation in Stored Products, Fresno, CA. 29 Oct. - 3 Nov. 2000, Executive Printing Services,Clovis, CA, U.S.A. pp. 113-117.
26. Shaaya, E., Ravıd, U., Paster, N., Juven, B., Zisman, U. and Pissarev, V., 1991. Fumigant toxicity of essential oils against four major stored-product insects. Journal of Chemical Ecology, 17 (3), 499-504.
27. Shaaya, E., Ravid, U., Paster, N., Kostjukovsky, M., Menasherov, M. and Plotkin, S., 1993. Essential oils and their components as active fumigants against several species of stored product insects and fungi. ISHS Acta Horticulturae 344, International Symposium on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants,131-137
28. Taylor, R.W.D., 1994. Methyl bromide- Is there any future for this noteworthy fumigant? Journal of Stored Products Research, 30, 253-260.
29. Wang, J., Tsai, J.H., Ding, W., Zhao, Z. and Li, J., 2001. Toxic Effects of Six Plant Oils Alone and in Combination with Controlled Atmosphere on Liposcelis bostrychophila (Psocoptera: Liposcelididae). Journal of Economic Entomology 94(5):1296-1301.
30. Zettler, L.J. and Keever, D.W., 1994. Phosphine Resistance in Cigarette Beetle (Coleoptera: Anobiidae) Associated with Tobacco Storage in the Southeastern United States. Journal of Economic Entomology, 87 (3), 546-550.