Türkiye’nin farklı coğrafi bölgelerinden toplanan Tetranychus urticae popülasyonlarındaki gen akışı ve popülasyon yapıları

Öz

Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) 1000’den fazla konukçu bitkiden beslenebilen tahrip edici bir tarımsal zararlıdır. Bu aşırı polifag doğası, bu zararlının rastgele dağılmasına olanak sağlayabilmektedir. Popülasyon hareketi ve yapısı geniş alanlarda zararlı kontrolü programları dizayn edilmesinde çok önemli olmasına rağmen, Türkiye’de bu konuda gerçekleştirilmiş bir çalışma bulunmamaktadır. Bu çalışmada, farklı coğrafik bölgelerden toplanan T. urticae popülasyonları arasında sitokrom oksidaz c altünite I (COI) genine dayanarak genetik alt bölünme olmadığını göstermektedir (FST=0.090, p>0.05). Ayrıca, haplotip network ağ analizinde kümelenme yapısı olmaması bu sonucu desteklemektedir. Ancak, Karadeniz popülasyonlarının diğer popülasyonlar ile yüksek genetik farklılığa sahip olduğu gösterilmiştir. Bu durum, bölgenin sahip olduğu izole coğrafyasından, farklı iklim koşullarından ve örnekleme yapılan alanın sınırlı olmasından dolayı olabilir. Akdeniz Bölgesi popülasyonları ile Ege ve İç Anadolu Bölgesi popülasyonları arasında yüksek gen akışı belirlenmiştir. Coğrafyanın tek başına popülasyon yapısı ve genetik varyasyonu açıklamada yeterli olmadığı bilinmektedir. Bu nedenle, güncel ve tarihsel iklim verileri gibi diğer faktörler ileri gen akışı çalışmalarında birleştirilmelidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• kırmızı örümcekler
• genetik farklılaşma
• sitokrom oksidaz c altünite I
• haplotip ağ

Population structure and gene-flow among Tetranychus urticae populations collected from different geographic regions of Turkey

Abstract

Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) is a devastating agricultural pest that can feed on more than 1000 host plants. This extremely polyphagous nature of this pest may allow random disperse of them. Although population movement and structure are of vital importance to design area-wide pest control programs, there is no such study focusing on this issue in Turkey. The present study showed that there was no genetic subdivision among T. urticae the populations collected from four geographic regions of Turkey (FST=0.090, p>0.05), based on cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI). In addition, the haplotype network supported these results since no clustering pattern was present. However, Black Sea populations had high genetic differentiation with other populations. This might be due to its isolated geography, different climate conditions, and limited sampling area. A high level of gene-flow between the Mediterranean and Aegean/Central Anatolian populations was determined. It is known that geography alone is not enough to explain population structure and genetic variation when excluding other ecological factors. Therefore, other factors such as current and historical climate data should be integrated to assess gene-flow in future studies.

Keywords

• spider mites
• genetic differentiation
• cytochrome c oxidae subunit I
• haplotype network

Kaynakça

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