Determination of the races of Plasmopara halstedii (Farl.) Berl. & de Toni, the causal agent of sunflower downy mildew in Turkey and reactions of some commercial sunflower varieties against these races

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 59 Sayı: 4, 77 - 84, 29.12.2019

Erçin Oksal , Salih Maden

https://doi.org/10.16955/bitkorb.635663

Cited By: 1

Öz

Downy
mildew of sunflower caused by Plasmopara
halstedii, is the most important disease of sunflower throughout the world
including Turkey. Within the scope of the study, surveys were performed in
Tekirdağ, Edirne, Kırklareli, Ankara, Bursa, Samsun, Tokat and Adana provinces
where sunflower is widely grown in the period of 2009-2015. During the surveys,
sixty-five P. halstedii isolates were
obtained and purified. Using the race differentials set, nine races of the
pathogen (100, 102, 110, 300, 500, 502, 510, 702 and 712) were determined. All
races determined are first records for Turkey, whereas the races 102, 510 and
110 are the first record for the world. Almost 71% percent of the races were belonged to race 100. The
reactions of 19 commercial sunflower cultivars against P. halstedii were determined by using isolates representing
different races of downy mildew. None of the commercial sunflower cultivars
showed resistance against all the races of P.
halstedii at the same time. Among varieties tested LG5580 was found to be resistant to four
races, whereas Sanay MR, Sanbro MR, LG540HO, and Sanbro varieties were found to
be 3,3,2 and 1 races, respectively.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Plasmopara halstedii, race, varieties, sunflower

Destekleyen Kurum

Tarım ve Orman Bakanlığı Tarımsal araştırmalar ve Politikalar Genel Müdürlüğü

Proje Numarası

TAGEM–BS–09/05–01/02-05

Teşekkür

This study is the PhD thesis of Ankara University Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences Department of Plant Protection named “Determination of the Races of Plasmopara halstedii (Farl.) Berl. & de Toni, the Causal Agent of Sunflower Downy Mildew In Turkey and Reactions of Some Commercial Sunflower Varieties Against These Races” and is supported with the project number TAGEM–BS–09/05–01/02-05 by General Directorate of Agricultural Research and Policy of Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry.

Ayçiçeği mildiyösü etmeni Plasmopara halstedii (Farl.) Berl. & de Toni’nin Türkiye’deki ırklarının tespiti ve bazı ticari ayçiçeği çeşitlerinin bu ırklara karşı reaksiyonlarının belirlenmesi

Öz

Plasmopara halstedii (Farl.) Berl. & de Toni’nin neden olduğu Ayçiçeği
mildiyösü Türkiye’de dahil olmak üzere dünyada ayçiçeğinin en önemli
hastalığıdır. Çalışma kapsamında 2009-2015 yılında Türkiye’nin yoğun ayçiçeği
tarımı yapılan Tekirdağ, Edirne, Kırklareli, Ankara, Bursa, Samsun, Tokat ve
Adana illerinde sürveyler yapılmıştır. Sürveyler sırasında altmışbeş P. halstedii izolatı elde edilmiş ve
saflaştırılmıştır. Irk farklılık seti kullanılarak patojenin dokuz farklı ırkı
(100, 102, 110, 300, 500, 502, 510, 702, 712) tespit edilmiştir. Tespit edilen
ırkların hepsi Türkiye için ilk kayıt niteliği taşırken ırk 102, 510 ve 110
Dünya için ilk kayıt niteliğindedir. Irkların %71’i ırk 100’e aittir. Ayçiçeği
mildiyösünün farklı ırkları kullanılarak 19 adet ticari ayçiçeği çeşidinin de
ırklara karşı reaksiyonları belirlenmiştir. Ticari ayçiçeği çeşitlerinin
hiçbirisi P. halstedii’nin ırklarının
tamamına karşı dayanıklılık göstermemiştir. Sırasıyla Sanbro 1, LG540HO 2,
Sanbro MR 3 ve Sanay MR 3 ırka dayanıklılık gösterirken, LG5580 4 ırka
dayanıklı olarak bulunmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Plasmopara halstedii, ırk, çeşitler, ayçiçeği

Proje Numarası

TAGEM–BS–09/05–01/02-05

Kaynakça

• Anonymous, 2018. Ayçiçeği Raporu. http://www.zmo.org.tr/ . Erişim tarihi: 20.10.2019
• Çiftçigil T. H., Evci G., Pekcan V., Yılmaz M. İ., Kaya Y. 2014. Determination of Resistance of Some Sunflower Genotypes Against Downy Mildew Utilizing from Artificial Inoculation. Joint International Congress 14th Mediterranean Phytopathological Unıon, 25-29 August 2014, İstanbul-TURKEY. s.150
• Cohen, Y. and Sackston, W. E. 1973. Factors affecting infection of sunflower by Plasmopara halstedii. Canadian Journal of Botany, 51, 15–22.
• Evci, G., Akın, K., Kaya, Y., Pekcan, V. and Yılmaz, M. 2015. The Determination of Downy Mildew (Plasmopara halstedii (Farl.) Berl. & De Toni.) Resistance of Some Sunflower Lines in Trakya Region. Anadolu, 21 (1), 36-43.
• Göre, M. E. 2009. Epidemic outbreaks of downy mildew caused by Plasmopara halstedii on sunflower in Thrace, part of the Marmara region of Turkey. Plant Pathology, 58, 396.
• Gulya T. J., Tourvieille de Labrouhe D., Masirevic S., Penaud A., Rashid K., Viranyi F. 1998. Proposal for standardized nomenclature and identification of races of Plasmopara halstedii (sunflower downy mildew). In: Gulya T, ed. Vear F, ed. Third Sunflower Downy Mildew Symposium. Fargo, USA: ISA, 130-136.
• Gulya, T. J. 2007. Distribution of Plasmopara halstedii races from sunflower around the world. Advances in Downy Mildew Research Vol 3, Palacky University and JOLA Publishers (pp. 121–134).
• Hall, G. 1989. Unusual or interesting records of plant pathogenic Oomycetes. Plant Pathology, 38(4):604-611.
• Karel, G. 1958. A preliminary list of plant diseases in Turkey. Ayyıldız Matbaası, Ankara.
• Kolte, S.J. 1985. Diseases of annual edible oilseed crops. Vol. 3, Sunflower, Safflower & Niger
• Komjáti, H. 2010. Phenotipic And Molecular Genetic Characterisation Of Sunflower Infecting Plasmopara Populations. PhD Thesis, Szent István University, Gödöllő, 16 pp.
• Kormány A., Virányi F. 1997. Studies on the virulence and agressiveness of Plasmopara halstedii (sunflower downy mildew) in Hungary. In Proceedings 49th International Symposium on Crop Protectio, Mededelingen Faculteit Landbouwkundige Universiteit Gent 62/3b: 911–915.
• Machlis, L. 1958. Evidence for a sexual hormone in Allomyces. Physiol. Plant. 11:181-192.
• Maširević, S. 1992. Rase prouzrokovača plamenjače Plasmopara halstedii kod nas i u svetu (in Serbian). Periodicals of Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops Novi Sad, 20: 405-409.
• Molinero-Ruiz, M. L., Domínguez, J., Melero-Vara, J.M. 2002. Races of isolates of Plasmopara halstedii from Spain and studies on their virulence. Plant Disease, 86(7):736-740.
• Molinero-Ruiz, L. 2018. Recent advances on the characterization and control of sunflower soilborne pathogens under climate change conditions. OCL, 26, 2. 9 pages
• Nishimura, M. 1926. Studies in Plasmopara halstedii. J. Coll. Agric., Hokkaido Imp. Univ. 11: 185-210.
• Novotel’nova, N. S. 1966.Taxonomy and Biology Of The Sunfloer Mildew Downy Mildew of Sunflower. USSR, Nauka, Moscow.
• Penaud A, Delos M, Lafon S, Walser P, De Guenin MC, Tourvieille J, Molinero V and Tourvieille D. 1997. Evolution du mildiou du tournesol en France 1: 407-412 Compte-rendu de la 5ème Conférence Internationale sur les Maladies des Plantes, Tours, France
• Rozynek, B., and Spring O. 2001: Leaf disc inoculation, a fast and precise test for the screening of metalaxyl tolerance in sunflower downy mildew. J. Phytopathol. 149, 309-312.
• Sackston, W. E. 1981. Downy mildew of sunflower. In D. M. Spencer (Ed.), The downy mildews (pp. 545–575). London: Academic.
• Sedlářová M., Pospíchalová R., Drábková Trojanová Z., Bartůšek T., Slobodianová, L., Lebeda A. 2016. First report of Plasmopara halstedii new races 705 and 715 on sunflower from the Czech Republic – short communication. Plant Protect. Sci., 52: 00–00.
• Shindrova, P. 2005. New nomenclature of downy mildew races In sunflower (Plasmopara halstedii farl. Berlese Et de toni) in Bulgaria (race composition During 2000-2003). Helia 28 (42): 57-64.
• Shindrova, P. 2010. Investigation On the Race Composition Of Downy Mildew (Plasmopara halstedii Farl. Berlese et de Tony) In Bulgaria During 2007-2008 Helia, 33, Nr. 52, p.p. 19-24.
• Shirshikar, S.P. 2005. Present status of sunflower downy mildew disease in India. Helia 28(43): 153-158.
• Tourvieille, L. D., Gulya, T. J., Masirevic, S., Penaud, A., Rashid. K. Y. and Viranyi, F. 2000. New nomenclature of races of Plasmopara halstedii (sunflower downy mildew). In: Proceedings of the 15th International Sunflower Conference (Vol. 2, I: pp. 61–65). Toulouse.
• Viranyi, F. 2008. Research progress in sunflower diseases and their management. Proc. 17th International Sunflower Conference, Córdoba, Spain.
• Viranyi, F., Gulya, T.J., Tourvieille de Labrouhe, D. 2015. Recent changes in the pathogenic variability of Plasmopara halstedii (sunflower downy mildew) populations from different continents. Helia 38: 149–162.